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  • Articles  (2,331)
  • Biology  (2,331)
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  • Articles  (2,331)
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  • 11
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    Uncoupling phototoxicity-elicited neural dysmorphology and death by insidious function and selective impairment of Ran-binding protein 2 (Ranbp2) (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-28
    Description: Publication date: Available online 26 November 2015 Source: FEBS Letters Author(s): Kyoung-in Cho, Victoria Hanley, Dosuk Yoon, Yin Hao, Paulo A. Ferreira Morphological disintegration of neurons is coupled invariably to neural death. In particular, disruption of outer segments of photoreceptor neurons triggers photoreceptor death regardless of the pathological stressors. We show that Ranbp2 -/- ::Tg-Ranbp2 CLDm mice with mutations in SUMO-binding motif (SBM) of cyclophilin-like domain (CLD) of Ranbp2 expressed in a null Ranbp2 background lack untoward effects in photoreceptors in the absence of light-stress. However, compared to wild type photoreceptors, light-stress elicits profound disintegration of outer segments of Ranbp2 -/- ::Tg-Ranbp2 CLDm with paradoxical age-dependent resistance of photoreceptors to death and genotype-independent caspase activation. Ranbp2 -/- ::Tg-Ranbp2 CLDm exhibit photoreceptor death-independent changes in ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), but death-dependent increase of ubc9 levels. Hence, insidious functional impairment of SBM of Ranbp2’s CLD promotes neuroprotection and uncoupling of photoreceptor degeneration and death against phototoxicity.
    Print ISSN: 0014-5793
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3468
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 12
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    Characterization and crystal structure determination of β-1,2-mannobiose phosphorylase from Listeria innocua (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-28
    Description: Publication date: Available online 26 November 2015 Source: FEBS Letters Author(s): Tomohiro Tsuda, Takanori Nihira, Kazuhiro Chiku, Erika Suzuki, Takatoshi Arakawa, Mamoru Nishimoto, Motomitsu Kitaoka, Hiroyuki Nakai, Shinya Fushinobu Glycoside hydrolase family 130 consists of phosphorylases and hydrolases for β-mannosides. Here, we characterized β-1,2-mannobiose phosphorylase from Listeria innocua (Lin0857) and determined its crystal structures complexed with β-1,2-linked mannooligosaccharides. β-1,2-Mannotriose was bound in a U-shape, interacting with a phosphate analog at both ends. Lin0857 has a unique dimer structure connected by a loop, and a significant open-close loop displacement was observed for substrate entry. A long loop, which is exclusively present in Lin0857, covers the active site to limit the pocket size. A structural basis for substrate recognition and phosphorolysis was provided.
    Print ISSN: 0014-5793
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3468
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 13
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    Role of cytosolic and calcium independent phospholipases A2 in insulin secretion impairment of INS-1E cells infected by S. aureus (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-28
    Description: Publication date: Available online 26 November 2015 Source: FEBS Letters Author(s): N. Caporarello, M. Salmeri, M. Scalia, C. Motta, C. Parrino, L. Frittitta, M. Olivieri, M.A. Toscano, C.D. Anfuso, G. Lupo Cytosolic PLA 2 (cPLA 2 ) and Ca 2+ -independent PLA 2 (iPLA 2 ) play a significant role in insulin β-cells secretion. Bacterial infections may be responsible of the onset of diabetes. The mechanism by which S. aureus infection of INS-1 cells alters glucose-induced insulin secretion has been examined. After acute infection, insulin secretion and PLA 2 activities significantly increased. Moreover, increased expressions of phospho-cPLA 2 , phospho-PKCα and phospho-ERK 1/2 were observed. Chronic infection causes a decrease in insulin release and a significant increase of iPLA 2 and COX-2 protein expression. Moreover, insulin secretion in infected cells could be restored using specific si RNAs against iPLA 2 isoform and specific COX-2 inhibitor.
    Print ISSN: 0014-5793
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3468
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 14
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    High-methionine diets accelerate atherosclerosis by HHcy-mediated FABP4 gene demethylation pathway via DNMT1 in ApoE−/− mice (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-27
    Description: Publication date: Available online 26 November 2015 Source: FEBS Letters Author(s): An-Ning Yang, Hui-Ping Zhang, Yue Sun, Xiao-Ling Yang, Nan Wang, Guangrong Zhu, Hui Zhang, Hua Xu, Sheng-Chao Ma, Yue Zhang, Gui-Zhong Li, Yue-Xia Jia, Jun Cao, Yi-Deng Jiang Homocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not known. We investigated the effects of Hcy on fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), and tested our hypothesis that Hcy-induced atherosclerosis is mediated by increased FABP4 expression and decreased methylation. The FABP4 expression and DNA methylation was assessed in the aorta of ApoE −/− mice fed high-methionine diet for 20 weeks. Over-expression of FABP4 enhanced accumulation of total cholesterol and cholesterol ester in foam cells. The up-regulation of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) promoted the methylation process and decreased FABP4 expression. These data suggest that FABP4 plays a key role in Hcy-mediated disturbance of lipid metabolism and that DNMT1 may be a novel therapeutic target in Hcy-related atherosclerosis.
    Print ISSN: 0014-5793
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3468
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 15
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    Mapping the heparin-binding site of the osteoinductive protein NELL1 by site-directed mutagenesis (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-27
    Description: Publication date: Available online 26 November 2015 Source: FEBS Letters Author(s): Kaneyoshi Takahashi, Arisa Imai, Masumi Iijima, Nobuo Yoshimoto, Andrés D. Maturana, Shun’ichi Kuroda, Tomoaki Niimi Neural epidermal growth factor-like (NEL)-like 1 (NELL1) is a secretory osteogenic protein comprising an N-terminal thrombospondin-1-like (TSPN) domain, four von Willebrand factor type C domains, and six epidermal growth factor-like repeats. NELL1 shows heparin-binding activity; however, the biological significance remains to be explored. In this report, we demonstrate that NELL1 binds to cell surface proteoglycans through its TSPN domain. Major heparin-binding sites were identified on the three-dimensional structural model of the TSPN domain of NELL1. Mutant analysis of the heparin-binding sites indicated that the heparin-binding activity of the TSPN domain is involved in interaction of NELL1 with cell surface proteoglycans.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3468
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 16
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    Targeting cholesterol with β-cyclodextrin sensitizes cancer cells for apoptosis (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-26
    Description: Publication date: Available online 25 November 2015 Source: FEBS Letters Author(s): Ryuji Yamaguchi, Guy Perkins, Kiichi Hirota We found that targeting cholesterol with beta-cyclodextrin (bCD) and its derivatives disrupted signal transduction between PI3K and AKT, attenuating AKT pro-survival signals. In their absence, 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) caused anti-apoptotic protein Mcll to dissociate from pro-apoptotic Bak at mitochondria. Normally Bak is sequestered by its inhibitory associations with Mcll and Bcl-xL, and only when Bak is released from both, is it free to form oligomers through which cytochrome c can escape into the cytosol. Thus an addition of a bcl-2 antagonist dissociates Bak from Bcl-xL, triggering cytochrome c release and inducing apoptosis. 2DG–bCD can also sensitize type II cancer cells for TRAIL-mediated apoptosis.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3468
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 17
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    Characterization of ClpS2, an essential adaptor protein for the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-26
    Description: Publication date: Available online 24 November 2015 Source: FEBS Letters Author(s): Anders Tryggvesson, Frida M. Ståhlberg, Mats Töpel, Noriaki Tanabe, Axel Mogk, Adrian K. Clarke The adaptor protein ClpS associates to the Clp protease and promotes degradation of N-end rule substrates in eubacteria and in algal/plant chloroplasts. Cyanobacteria are unusual in having two distinct ClpS paralogs. Although ClpSl is typical of bacterial ClpS, ClpS2 differs in crucial ways. ClpS2 in Synechococcus elongatus is a relatively low-abundant, soluble protein essential for phototrophic growth. Like ClpSl, ClpS2 binds to the ClpCP3/R protease to block α-casein degradation and promote that of N-end rule substrates in vitro . However, their substrate specificity differs, with ClpSl recognizing destabilizing Phe and Tyr residues at the substrate N-terminus whereas ClpS2 recognizes Leu. Overall, ClpS2 appears to have independently evolved in cyanobacteria to degrade a particular group of proteins, whose turnover is vital for cell viability.
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 18
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    Pc2-mediated SUMOylation of WWOX is essential for its suppression of DU145 prostate tumorigenesis (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-26
    Description: Publication date: Available online 24 November 2015 Source: FEBS Letters Author(s): Hye-Jin Choi, Jung-Hwan Park, Jong-Hwan Park, Kyung Bok Lee, Sang-Muk Oh Tumor suppressor WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) is depleted in various cancer types. Here we report that WWOX is modified by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins and represses DU145 prostate cancer tumorigenesis in a SUMOylation-dependent manner. Ectopic WWOX was shown to associate with SUMO2/3 or E2 Ubc9. Furthermore, we revealed that WWOX SUMOylation was promoted by E3 ligase polycomb2 (Pc2), and that WWOX associated with Pc2. Meanwhile, anisomycin-induced activator protein-1 (AP-1) activity was markedly diminished by co-expression of SUMO and WWOX. Also, WWOX wild type (WT), but not WWOX SUMO mutant (K176A) markedly reduced both DU145 prostate cancer cell proliferation and xenograft tumorigenesis. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that SUMO modification of WWOX is essential for its suppressive activity for DU145 prostate cancer tumorigenesis.
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 19
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    Variable reproducibility in genome-scale public data: A case study using ENCODE ChIP sequencing resource (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-25
    Description: Publication date: Available online 24 November 2015 Source: FEBS Letters Author(s): Guillaume Devailly, Anna Mantsoki, Tom Michoel, Anagha Joshi Genome-wide data is accumulating in an unprecedented way in the public domain. Re-mining this data shows great potential to generate novel hypotheses. However this approach is dependent on the quality (technical and biological) of the underlying data. Here we performed a systematic analysis of ChIP sequencing data of transcription and epigenetic factors from the ENCODE resource to demonstrate that about one third of conditions with replicates show low concordance between replicate peak lists. This serves as a case study to demonstrate a caveat concerning genome-wide analyses and highlights a need to validate the quality of each sample before performing further associative analyses.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3468
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 20
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    Down-regulation of 5S rRNA by miR-150 and miR-383 enhances c-Myc–rpL11 interaction and inhibits proliferation of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-25
    Description: Publication date: Available online 24 November 2015 Source: FEBS Letters Author(s): Xinyu Wang, Yanli Ren, Zhiqiong Wang, Xiangyu Xiong, Sichong Han, Wenting Pan, Hongwei Chen, Liqing Zhou, Changchun Zhou, Qipeng Yuan, Ming Yang 5S rRNA plays an important part in ribosome biology and is over-expression in multiple cancers. In this study, we found that 5S rRNA is a direct target of miR-150 and miR-383 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Overexpression of miR-150 and miR-383 inhibited ESCC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, 5S rRNA silencing by miR-150 and miR-383 might intensify rpL11–c-Myc interaction, which attenuated role of c-Myc as an oncogenic transcriptional factor and dysregulation of multiple c-Myc target genes. Taken together, our results highlight the involvement of miRNAs in ribosomal regulation during tumorigenesis.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3468
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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