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  • 1
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    Copernicus Publications
    In:  EPIC3The Cryosphere, Copernicus Publications, 14(7), pp. 2205-2216, ISSN: 1994-0416
    Publication Date: 2024-01-30
    Description: Previous studies show accelerations of West Antarctic glaciers, implying that basal melt rates of these glaciers were previously small and increased in the middle of the 20th century. This enhanced melting is a likely source of the observed Ross Sea (RS) freshening, but its long-term impact on the Southern Ocean hydrography has not been well investigated. Here, we conduct coupled sea ice-ice shelf-ocean simulations with different levels of ice shelf melting from West Antarctic glaciers. Freshening of RS shelf and bottom water is simulated with enhanced West Antarctic ice shelf melting, while no significant changes in shelf water properties are simulated when West Antarctic ice shelf melting is small. We further show that the freshening caused by glacial meltwater from ice shelves in the Amundsen and Bellingshausen seas can propagate further downstream along the East Antarctic coast into the Weddell Sea. The freshening signal propagates onto the RS continental shelf within a year of model simulation, while it takes roughly 5-10 and 10-15 years to propagate into the region off Cape Darnley and into the Weddell Sea, respectively. This advection of freshening modulates the shelf water properties and possibly impacts the production of Antarctic Bottom Water if the enhanced melting of West Antarctic ice shelves continues for a longer period.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 2
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    National Science Foundation
    In:  EPIC3Washington, National Science Foundation
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-04-26
    Description: The west Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) region has undergone significant changes in temperature and seasonal ice dynamics since the mid-twentieth century, with strong impacts on the regional ecosystem, ocean chemistry and hydrographic properties. Changes to these long-term trends of warming and sea ice decline have been observed in the 21st century, but their consequences for ocean physics, chemistry and the ecology of the high-productivity shelf ecosystem are yet to be fully established. The WAP shelf is important for regional krill stocks and higher trophic levels, whilst the degree of variability and change in the physical environment and documented biological and biogeochemical responses make this a model system for how climate and sea ice changes might restructure high-latitude ecosystems. Although this region is arguably the best-measured and best-understood shelf region around Antarctica, significant gaps remain in spatial and temporal data capable of resolving the atmosphere-ice-ocean-ecosystem feedbacks that control the dynamics and evolution of this complex polar system. Here we summarise the current state of knowledge regarding the key mechanisms and interactions regulating the physical, biogeochemical and biological processes at work, the ways in which the shelf environment is changing, and the ecosystem response to the changes underway. We outline the overarching cross-disciplinary priorities for future research, as well as the most important discipline-specific objectives. Underpinning these priorities and objectives is the need to better-define the causes, magnitude and timescales of variability and change at all levels of the system. A combination of traditional and innovative approaches will be critical to addressing these priorities and developing a co-ordinated observing system for the WAP shelf, which is required to detect and elucidate change into the future.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 4
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    PANGAEA
    In:  EPIC3Canadian Technical Report of Hydrography and Ocean Sciences, 118, I-IV, Bremerhaven, PANGAEA, pp. 1-112
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 5
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    In:  Orchid Monographs vol. 2 no. 1, pp. 1-173
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: This paper contains a taxonomic revision of the Bulbophyllinae, with the genera Bulbophyllum (including Cirrhopetalum and Megaclinium) and Chaseella, from continental Africa (including Bioko (Fernando Poo), Sao Tome, Principe, Annobon and Zanzibar). Keys are given to the genera and species. For each species full synonymy, descriptions, notes on distribution, habitat etc. and a line drawing are presented. Many species are also illustrated by colour photographs. Three new taxa are described: Bulbophyllum subligaculiferum, B. bidenticulatum ssp. joyceae and B. scaberulum var. crotalicaudatum. Some new combinations are made. The botanical terminology used is clarified.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Sulawesi comprises of about 182,870 km\xc2\xb2 of land and fewer botanical specimens (about 23 specimens per 100 km\xc2\xb2, Whitten et al., 1987) have been collected here than in any other major island in Indonesia. This island is up to date botanically poorly explored and according to Van Steenis (1950) about 32,500 specimens of plants were recorded, the number is probably only a rough estimation and certainly in the precomputer era not based on real specimens. Within the framework of STORMA (Stability of Rainforest Margins) we analyzed the vegetation in several plots of one hectare of different land use systems at the Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Rapidly we were faced with the problem that the identification of the mostly sterile trees would be almost impossible without a sound basic checklist. Because previous hardcopies (Hildebrand, 1950; Soewanda & Tantra, 1973; Whitmore et al., 1989) were either outdated or incomplete (especially for the small diameter trees) we decided to create a new one using data of actual plant specimens housed at the National Herbarium of the Netherlands, Universiteit Leiden branch (with duplicate specimens in several other herbaria like BO, E, K and others), and enter them in the BRAHMS (Botanical Research and Herbarium Management Systems) database developed by Denis Filer, University of Oxford.\nMore than 120 woody families have been screened and the label information of all specimens (c. 13,000) checked and partly analysed. The density index calculated from our figures is very low (7) but for the first time underpinned by hard, retrievable data. As we did not include species \xe2\x80\x94 and specimens rich herbaceous families in our calculations (Orchidaceae, Poaceae, Zingiberaceae, ferns, etc.) the much lower collection index can be at least partially explained.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
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    NSF
    In:  EPIC3Washington, D.C., NSF
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
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  • 8
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    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 19 no. 2, pp. 211-354
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: A revision is made of the genera Hypnodendron and Braithwaitea. Mniodendron and Sciadocladus are reduced to Hypnodendron, Limbella is excluded from the Hypnodendraceae, and Dendro-Hypnum is considered to be not validly published. Hypnodendron rigidum Mitt. is transferred to Pterobryella. The species of Hypnodendron are grouped into nine sections. Five of these are monotypic, viz. Leiocarpos Dix. and four new ones: Lindbergiodendron (including H. arcuatum), Tristichophyllum (H. diversifolium), Mniodendropsis (H. milnei), and Pseudomniodendron (H. fusco-mucronatum). The circumscription of the family also needs revision, but has been maintained unchanged for the time being in the absence of information regarding assumedly related families.\nA number of morphological and other characters are discussed. Hypnodendron is thought to be of pleurocarpous descent; Meusel\xe2\x80\x99s derivation of the growth-form of Hypnodendron from that of the acrocarpous genera Mnium and Philonotis is rejected. Rejuvenation takes place by means of basal innovations, and in a number of erect species also by distal ones. The umbellate and palmate fronds are assumed to have been derived from a pinnate type. The Hypnodendraceae are distributed in the Indo-Pacific and Australasian regions and in southern South America. Hypnodendron is centred in Melanesia and New Zealand. 26 species are recognized, 9 of which are divided into subspecies or varieties; 5 taxa are reinstated (H. colensoi, H. comatum, H. comosum var. sieberi, H. spininervium ssp. spininervium and ssp. archeri) and 1 is described as new (H. vitiense ssp. australe). Identification keys are provided, and for each taxon are given: synonymy together with pertinent literature and typification, misinterpretations and misidentifications, description, geographical distribution, ecology, and notes on various subjects. Each species is illustrated, and a list is given of specimens examined, mostly accompanied by a distribution map.
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 9
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    University of Potsdam
    In:  EPIC3University of Potsdam, 96 p.
    Publication Date: 2023-03-13
    Description: The Yedoma region is unique in the permafrost region of the Northern Hemisphere and is characterized by a particularly high ground ice content in the sediment. These frozen deposits store a large amount of carbon and thus have the potential to influence the global climate. Especially the upper layers are susceptible to thaw processes, as they are exposed to increasingly rising mean annual air temperatures. The Northeastern Siberian Yedoma domain is of particular interest in this study. The morphology of ground ice is highly variable and the exact abundance and distribution is still unknown in large parts of Siberia. For an accurate overview of the distribution of intrasedimentary ground ice content, data from 26 sites in Northeastern Siberia were examined. The data were taken from data repositories (e.g., PANGAEA), expedition reports, scientific papers etc. and has been synthesized in a template in Excel. Of relevance was the absolute ice content (wt%) at different depths. Five depth classes were investigated: depth class 1: 0-0.99m; depth class 2: 1-1.99m; depth class 3: 2-2.99m; depth class 4: 3-24.99m; depth class 5: 25-65m. Using the mean absolute ice content for each depth class, ArcGIS was used to create a map for the distribution of ice content. R was applied to represent the ground ice content distribution at the different depths. Furthermore, the focus was on other parameters such as stratigraphy, total organic carbon content and landscape types, which were also examined with respect to the absolute ice content. The ice content is distributed very heterogeneously in Northeastern Siberia, averaging between 30 and 60 wt% over all depths. In large parts of the study area, the ice content in the upper three meters is with 40 to 65 wt% much higher than in the deeper sediment layers. In the depths of 3-65m, the ice content ranges from 20 to 50 wt%. Investigations of the age classes showed that the mean absolute ice content in thermokarst deposits (MIS 1) is with 48.60 wt% higher than in older sedimentary units. The TOC content also decreases significantly with depth. The Yedoma sediment composition and depositional regimes are highly variable. Even on a small scale, large differences in ice content could be observed. With the given data basis, no concrete statements about the vertical and horizontal ice content could be made for the whole study area. The model created in this study can be applied to model the absolute ground ice content based on the TOC content. Assessing the nature and content of ground ice in the upper layers in Northeastern Siberia is fundamental to environmental assessment and important for quantifying carbon fluxes and understanding permafrost response to climate change.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Thesis , notRev
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: A taxonomic revision of the genus Guatteria, including the former genera Guatteriella, Guatteriopsis and Heteropetalum is given. Within the genus Guatteria 177 species are recognized, 25 of which are new. Included are chapters on the history of the taxonomy of the genus, morphology, wood anatomy, karyology, palynology, chemistry, flower biology and pollination, dispersal, distribution and ecology, phylogeny and molecular studies, conservation, and uses. A synoptical key to all species is included, as well as two dichotomous keys, one for the species of Central America and Mexico, and one for the species of NE, E and SE Brazil. The species treatments include descriptions, full synonymy, geographical and ecological notes, vernacular names and taxonomic notes. For all species distribution \nmaps are made. A complete identification list with all exsiccatae studied, an index to vernacular names and an index of scientific names is included at the end.
    Keywords: Annonaceae ; chemistry ; descriptions ; flower biology and pollination ; Guatteria ; Guatteriella ; Guatteriopsis ; Heteropetalum ; history ; molecular studies ; morphology ; Neotropics ; palynology ; phylogeny ; taxonomy ; vernacular names
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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