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  • OceanRep  (8)
  • OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed  (8)
  • Oxford Univ. Press  (5)
  • Springer  (2)
  • AtlantOS
  • ECO2 Project Office
  • GEOMAR
  • GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung
  • ICES
  • 2015-2019  (8)
  • 1
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    Integrating population genomics and biophysical models towards evolutionary-based fisheries management (2018)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 75 (4). pp. 1245-1257.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Overfishing and rapid environmental shifts pose severe challenges to the resilience and viability of marine fish populations. To develop and implement measures that enhance species’ adaptive potential to cope with those pressures while, at the same time, ensuring sustainable exploitation rates is part of the central goal of fisheries management. Here, we argue that a combination of biophysical modelling and population genomic assessments offer ideal management tools to define stocks, their physical connectivity and ultimately, their short-term adaptive potential. To date, biophysical modelling has often been confined to fisheries ecology whereas evolutionary hypotheses remain rarely considered. When identified, connectivity patterns are seldom explored to understand the evolution and distribution of adaptive genetic variation, a proxy for species’ evolutionary potential. Here, we describe a framework that expands on the conventional seascape genetics approach by using biophysical modelling and population genomics. The goals are to identify connectivity patterns and selective pressures, as well as putative adaptive variants directly responding to the selective pressures and, ultimately, link both to define testable hypotheses over species response to shifting ecological conditions and overexploitation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsx244
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Implementation of the Water Framework Directive: Lessons Learned and Future Perspectives for an Ecologically Meaningful Classification Based on Phytoplankton of the Status of Greek Lakes, Mediterranean Region (2019)
    Springer
    In:  Environmental Management, 64 (6). pp. 675-688.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The enactment of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) initiated scientific efforts to develop reliable methods for comparing prevailing lake conditions against reference (or nonimpaired) states, using the state of a set biological elements. Drawing a distinction between impaired and natural conditions can be a challenging exercise. Another important aspect is to ensure that water quality assessment is comparable among the different Member States. In this context, the present paper offers a constructive critique of the practices followed during the WFD implementation in Greece by pinpointing methodological weaknesses and knowledge gaps that undermine our ability to classify the ecological quality of Greek lakes. One of the pillars of WDF is a valid lake typology that sets ecological standards transcending geographic regions and national boundaries. The national typology of Greek lakes has failed to take into account essential components. WFD compliance assessments based on the descriptions of phytoplankton communities are oversimplified and as such should be revisited. Exclusion of most chroococcal species from the analysis of cyanobacteria biovolume in Greek lakes/reservoirs and most reservoirs in Spain, Portugal, and Cyprus is not consistent with the distribution of those taxa in lakes. Similarly, the total biovolume reference values and the indices used in classification schemes reflect misunderstandings of WFD core principles. This hampers the comparability of ecological status across Europe and leads to quality standards that are too relaxed to provide an efficient target for the protection of Greek/transboundary lakes such as the ancient Lake Megali Prespa.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00267-019-01226-y
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Female ovarian abnormalities and reproductive failure of autumn-spawning herring (Clupea harengus membras) in the Baltic Sea (2015)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 72 (8). pp. 2332-2340.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-29
    Description: Fecundity and reproductive potential are important factors to be considered in evaluating trajectories and demographic predictions of fish populations. Therefore, characterizing the nature and quantifying the extent of any reproductive failure should be considered in fisheries studies. Here, we describe morphological changes in developed ovaries of autumn-spawning herring (Clupea harengus membras) caught in the northern Baltic Sea and evaluate the magnitude of this phenomenon during 3 consecutive years. Visibly, abnormal ovaries were histologically characterized by irregular-shaped oocytes in a vitellogenic or final maturation stage with coagulative necrosis and liquefaction of the yolk sphere, degraded follicle membranes, and fibrinous adhesion among oocytes. Such degeneration is presumed to cause complete infertility in the fish. The frequency of fish with abnormal ovaries varied annually between 10 and 15% among all females sampled. However, specific sampling events showed up to 90% females with abnormal gonads. The specific cause of this abnormality remains unknown; however, prevalence was associated with unfavourable environmental conditions encountered before spawning. Thus, ovarian abnormality was positively related to water temperatures, with the highest level found at ≥15°C and negatively related to the frequency of strong winds. The frequency of occurrence of abnormal gonads decreased with the progression of spawning from August to October. The observed abnormality and associated spawning failure will negatively affect the realized fecundity of autumn herring in the Baltic Sea and may act as a limiting factor for recovery of the stock, which has experienced profound depression during the last three decades.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsv103
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    A three-dimensional view on biodiversity changes: spatial, temporal, and functional perspectives on fish communities in the Baltic Sea (2018)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 75 (7). pp. 2463-2475.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Fisheries and marine ecosystem-based management requires a holistic understanding of the dynamics of fish communities and their responses to changes in environmental conditions. Environmental conditions can simultaneously shape the spatial distribution and the temporal dynamics of a population, which together can trigger changes in the functional structure of communities. Here, we developed a comprehensive framework based on complementary multivariate statistical methodologies to simultaneously investigate the effects of environmental conditions on the spatial, temporal and functional dynamics of species assemblages. The framework is tested using survey data collected during more than 4000 fisheries hauls over the Baltic Sea between 2001 and 2016. The approach revealed the Baltic fish community to be structured into three sub-assemblages along a strong and temporally stable salinity gradient decreasing from West to the East. Additionally, we highlight a mismatch between species and functional richness associated with a lower functional redundancy in the Baltic Proper compared with other sub-areas, suggesting an ecosystem more susceptible to external pressures. Based on a large dataset of community data analysed in an innovative and comprehensive way, we could disentangle the effects of environmental changes on the structure of biotic communities-key information for the management and conservation of ecosystems.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: archive
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsy027
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Development of Mining Technology and Equipment for Seafloor Massive Sulfide Deposits (2016)
    Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society | Springer
    In:  Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 29 (5). pp. 863-870.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-27
    Description: Seafloor massive sulfide(SMS) deposits which consist of Au, Ag, Cu, and other metal elements, have been a target of commercial mining in recent decades. The demand for established and reliable commercial mining system for SMS deposits is increasing within the marine mining industry. The current status and progress of mining technology and equipment for SMS deposits are introduced. First, the mining technology and other recent developments of SMS deposits are comprehensively explained and analyzed. The seafloor production tools manufactured by Nautilus Minerals and similar mining tools from Japan for SMS deposits are compared and discussed in turn. Second, SMS deposit mining technology research being conducted in China is described, and a new SMS deposits mining tool is designed according to the environmental requirement. Finally, some new trends of mining technology of SMS deposits are summarized and analyzed. All of these conclusions and results have reference value and guiding significance for the research of SMS deposit mining in China.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3901/CJME.2016.0815.093
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Ocean acidification does not alter grazing in the calanoid copepods Calanus finmarchicus and Calanus glacialis (2016)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 73 (3). pp. 927-936.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: It is currently under debate whether organisms that regulate their acid–base status under environmental hypercapnia demand additional energy. This could impair animal fitness, but might be compensated for via increased ingestion rates when food is available. No data are yet available for dominant Calanus spp. from boreal and Arctic waters. To fill this gap, we incubated Calanus glacialis at 390, 1120, and 3000 µatm for 16 d with Thalassiosira weissflogii (diatom) as food source on-board RV Polarstern in Fram Strait in 2012. Every 4 d copepods were subsampled from all CO2 treatments and clearance and ingestion rates were determined. During the SOPRAN mesocosm experiment in Bergen, Norway, 2011, we weekly collected Calanus finmarchicus from mesocosms initially adjusted to 390 and 3000 µatm CO2 and measured grazing at low and high pCO2. In addition, copepods were deep frozen for body mass analyses. Elevated pCO2 did not directly affect grazing activities and body mass, suggesting that the copepods did not have additional energy demands for coping with acidification, neither during long-term exposure nor after immediate changes in pCO2. Shifts in seawater pH thus do not seem to challenge these copepod species.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsv226
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    A critique of the balanced harvesting approach to fishing (2016)
    ICES
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 73 (6). pp. 1640-1650.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The approach to fisheries termed “balanced harvesting” (BH) calls for fishing across the widest possible range of species, stocks, and sizes in an ecosystem, in proportion to their natural productivity, so that the relative size and species composition is maintained. Such fishing is proposed to result in higher catches with less negative impact on exploited populations and ecosystems. This study examines the models and the empirical evidence put forward in support of BH. It finds that the models used unrealistic settings with regard to life history (peak of cohort biomass at small sizes), response to fishing (strong compensation of fishing mortality by reduced natural mortality), and economics (uniform high cost of fishing and same ex-vessel price for all species and sizes), and that empirical evidence of BH is scarce and questionable. It concludes that evolutionary theory, population dynamics theory, ecosystem models with realistic assumptions and settings, and widespread empirical evidence do not support the BH proposal. Rather, this body of evidence suggests that BH will not help but will hinder the policy changes needed for the rebuilding of ecosystems, healthy fish populations, and sustainable fisheries.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsv122
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    The ocean sampling day consortium (2015)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  GigaScience, 4 (1). Art.Nr. 27.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world’s oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
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    Format: text
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    DOI: 10.1186/s13742-015-0066-5
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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