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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kink stability of long ion layers (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 29 (1986), S. 2588-2593 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: By means of the two-fluid model, the kink stability of a long thin field-reversed ion layer immersed in a dense low-temperature background plasma is studied theoretically. The two-fluid variational quadratic form with the assumption of rigid displacements in the radial direction yields a new kink stability condition that includes the effect of the nonzero real frequency of the modes, which results from the inertia of the ion layer. Although it was neglected in previous analyses, this effect is essential to explain the numerical results of Harned [Phys. Fluids 25, 1915 (1982)]. As the ratio of the density of the background plasma to that of the ion layer increases, this new kink stability condition reduces to the conventional condition. The physical mechanism for the kink instability is discussed by means of an analogy with the electrostatic two-stream instability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865551
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Profile consistency in equilibria of field-reversed configurations (1992)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 4 (1992), S. 645-650 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Experimental evidence is presented for a regulatory principle governing field-reversed configuration (FRC) equilibria. This leads to a form of "profile consistency'' with which the current profile exhibits a remarkable correlation with xs (the ratio of the separatrix radius to the coil radius). The proposed explanation is that these equilibria are regulated by an instability which maintains the profile at a marginally stable condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.860262
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms (2005)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 437 (2005), S. 681-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Today's surface ocean is saturated with respect to calcium carbonate, but increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations are reducing ocean pH and carbonate ion concentrations, and thus the level of calcium carbonate saturation. Experimental evidence suggests that if these trends ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04095
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of partial meridional barriers on the Antarctic Circumpolar Current—Buoyancy-driven three-layer model (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of oceanography 50 (1994), S. 295-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-868X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The transport and vertical structure of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) are examined, especially the component of the current driven by buoyancy, by using a three-layer model. We investigate the effects of the South American peninsula, the island arc to the east, and the Macquarie ridge, which are modeled as partial meridional barriers overlapping meridionally each other. We found that the buoyancy-driven component is given as a function of the transport out of the Weddell Sea (S W ) and the sum of the transports into the North Atlantic (S A ) and the North Pacific (S P ) out of the Southern Ocean. The buoyancy-driven current flows westward, ifS W andS A +S P are positive. The transport depends on the value ofS W more thanS A +S P by one order of magnitude within a realistic range of parameters. The most predominant term in the transport equation is inversely proportional to the difference between the Coriolis parameters at the tips of the partial meridional barriers. Thus, the magnitude of the transport strongly depends on the overlapping length of the meridional barriers. The eastward current of the ACC is driven by the predominant eastward wind stress in the Southern Ocean, although a part of the wind-driven component is canceled by the westward buoyancy-driven component. The vertical structure of the ACC is found to be attributed to the surface wind-driven circulation and the deep and bottom buoyancy-driven circulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02239519
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  • 15
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    Poor sleep quality is associated with increased arterial stiffness in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (2015)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-19
    Description: Background: While poor sleep quality can worsen cardiovascular risk factors such as glucose and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the relationship between sleep quality and atherosclerosis remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine this relationship. Methods: The study participants comprised 724 Japanese T2DM outpatients free of history of cardiovascular diseases. The relationships between sleep quality (assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)) and various clinical and laboratory parameters were investigated. Results: The mean PSQI was 5.1 ± 3.0 (±SD). Patients were divided into three groups based on the total PSQI score; subjects with good sleep quality (n = 462), average sleep quality (n = 185), and poor sleep quality (n = 77). In the age/gender-adjusted model, patients with poor sleep quality tended to be obese, evening type and depressed. However, other lifestyles showed no significant trends. Alanine aminotransferase, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, urinary albumin excretion, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) tended to be higher in patients with poor sleep quality. High baPWV was the only parameter that correlated with poor sleep in a model adjusted for several other lifestyle factors. Conclusions: Our study indicates that poor sleep quality in T2DM patients correlates with increased arterial wall stiffness, a marker of atherosclerosis and a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
    Electronic ISSN: 1472-6823
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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