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  • 1
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    Past and future polar amplifications of climate change: climate model intercomparisons and ice-core constraints (2006)
    Springer
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-07
    Beschreibung: Climate model simulations available from the PMIP1, PMIP2 and CMIP (IPCC-AR4) intercomparison projects for past and future climate change simulations are examined in terms of polar temperature changes in comparison to global temperature changes and with respect to pre-industrial reference simulations. For the mid-Holocene (MH, 6,000 years ago), the models are forced by changes in the Earth’s orbital parameters. The MH PMIP1 atmosphere-only simulations conducted with sea surface temperatures fixed to modern conditions show no MH consistent response for the poles, whereas the new PMIP2 coupled atmosphere–ocean climate models systematically simulate a significant MH warming both for Greenland (but smaller than ice-core based estimates) and Antarctica (consistent with the range of ice-core based range). In both PMIP1 and PMIP2, the MH annual mean changes in global temperature are negligible, consistent with the MH orbital forcing. The simulated last glacial maximum (LGM, 21,000 years ago) to pre-industrial change in global mean temperature ranges between 3 and 7°C in PMIP1 and PMIP2 model runs, similar to the range of temperature change expected from a quadrupling of atmospheric CO2 concentrations in the CMIP simulations. Both LGM and future climate simulations are associated with a polar amplification of climate change. The range of glacial polar amplification in Greenland is strongly dependent on the ice sheet elevation changes prescribed to the climate models. All PMIP2 simulations systematically underestimate the reconstructed glacial–interglacial Greenland temperature change, while some of the simulations do capture the reconstructed glacial–interglacial Antarctic temperature change. Uncertainties in the prescribed central ice cap elevation cannot account for the temperature change underestimation by climate models. The variety of climate model sensitivities enables the exploration of the relative changes in polar temperature with respect to changes in global temperatures. Simulated changes of polar temperatures are strongly related to changes in simulated global temperatures for both future and LGM climates, confirming that ice-core-based reconstructions provide quantitative insights on global climate changes.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Artikel in einer Fachzeitschrift - begutachtet
  • 2
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    Unbekannt
    Holocene relative sea-level changes and glacial isostatic adjustment of the U.S. Atlantic coast (2011)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-01
    Beschreibung: The first quality-controlled Holocene sea-level database for the U.S. Atlantic coast has been constructed from 686 sea-level indicators. The database documents a decreasing rate of relative sea-level (RSL) rise through time with no evidence of sea level being above present in the middle to late Holocene. The highest rates of RSL rise are found in the mid-Atlantic region. We employ the database to constrain an ensemble of glacial isostatic adjustment models using two ice (ICE-5G, ICE-6G [global ice sheet reconstructions]) and two mantle viscosity (models VM5a,VM5b [VM--radial variation of viscosity in the sublithospheric mantle]) variations to assess whether the spherically symmetric viscoelastic models are able to survive intercomparison with a more refined database of postglacial RSL history. We identify significant misfits between observations and predictions using ICE-5G with the VM5a viscosity profile. ICE-6G provides some improvement for the northern Atlantic region, but misfits remain elsewhere. Decreasing the upper mantle and transition zone viscosity by a factor of 2 to 0.25 x 1021 Pa s (VM5b) removes significant discrepancies between observations and predictions along the mid-Atlantic coastline, although misfits remain in the southern Atlantic region. These may be an indication of the importance of laterally heterogeneous viscosity in the upper mantle.
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Digitale ISSN: 1943-2682
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    GLOBAL GLACIAL ISOSTASY AND THE SURFACE OF THE ICE-AGE EARTH: The ICE-5G (VM2) Model and GRACE (2004)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 32 (2004), S. 111-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0084-6597
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: The 100 kyr quasiperiodic variation of continental ice cover, which has been a persistent feature of climate system evolution throughout the most recent 900 kyr of Earth history, has occurred as a consequence of changes in the seasonal insolation regime forced by the influence of gravitational n-body effects in the Solar System on the geometry of Earth's orbit around the Sun. The impacts of the changing surface ice load upon both Earth's shape and gravitational field, as well as upon sea-level history, have come to be measurable using a variety of geological and geophysical techniques. These observations are invertible to obtain useful information on both the internal viscoelastic structure of the solid Earth and on the detailed spatiotemporal characteristics of glaciation history. This review focuses upon the most recent advances that have been achieved in each of these areas, advances that have proven to be central to the construction of the refined model of the global process of glacial isostatic adjustment, denoted ICE-5G (VM2). A significant test of this new global model will be provided by the global measurement of the time dependence of the gravity field of the planet that will be delivered by the GRACE satellite system that is now in space.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.32.082503.144359
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Deformations of an elastic earth - Paulo Lanzano. Academic Press, New York, 1982. 226 pp., 44.00
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Icarus 58 (1984), S. 452-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 0019-1035
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(84)90092-7
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The bow wave generated by an auroral arc in supersonic motion
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Planetary and Space Science 18 (1970), S. 599-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-0633
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0032-0633(70)90135-2
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Preface
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 24 (1981), S. III 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9201
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0031-9201(81)90107-2
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Low-wavenumber signatures of time-dependent mantle convection
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 59 (1990), S. 182-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9201
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0031-9201(90)90224-L
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Whole mantle convection and the thermal evolution of the earth
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 29 (1982), S. 281-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9201
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0031-9201(82)90018-8
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Arctic freshwater forcing of the Younger Dryas cold reversal (2005)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 435 (2005), S. 662-665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] The last deglaciation was abruptly interrupted by a millennial-scale reversal to glacial conditions, the Younger Dryas cold event. This cold interval has been connected to a decrease in the rate of North Atlantic Deep Water formation and to a resulting weakening of the meridional overturning ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03617
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