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  • Articles  (5)
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  • 1
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    Age determinations from northwest Russia
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Larsen, Eiliv; Lyså, Astrid; Demidov, Igor; Funder, Svend; Houmark-Nielsen, Michael; Kjær, Kurt Henrik; Murray, Andrew Sean (1999): Age and extent of the Scandinavian ice sheet in northwest Russia. Boreas, 28(1), 115-132, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.1999.tb00209.x
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: The last glacial maximum (LGM) of the Scandinavian ice sheet in the Arkhangelsk region has been identified morphologically as ridges and hummocks in an otherwise flat topography. Stratigraphically the limit is marked by the presence of till above Mikhulinian (last interglacial) sediments inside the ridges and by the absence of till outside the ridges. During the LGM, ice flowed into the region from the north and northwest forming a lobe in the Dvina--Vaga depression. The continuation northward, northeast of Arkhangelsk, is still somewhat uncertain, but evidence suggests that the outer margin of the Scandinavian ice sheet was situated in the Mezen drainage basin. Luminescence and radiocarbon dates suggest that the maximum position was attained after some 17 ka ago, and that deglaciation started close to 15 ka ago. This age for the maximum position is younger than the maximum position in the western peripheral areas of the Scandinavian ice sheet. This may be accounted for by initial ice build-up in the west followed by a successive migration of the ice divide(s) to the east as ice growth continued. Deglaciation was either by lateral retreat or isolation of dead ice masses causing areal downwasting.
    Keywords: Bobrovo; Chelmokhta; Koleshka; OUTCROP; Outcrop sample; Pasva; Psaryovo; Quaternary Environment of the Eurasian North; QUEEN; QUEEN_Exped; Raibola; Smotrakovka; Trepyzovo
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    (Table 1) Luminescence datings from Varchushka and Pyoza rivers, Russia
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Houmark-Nielsen, Michael; Demidov, Igor; Funder, Svend; Grøsfjeld, Kari; Kjær, Kurt Henrik; Larsen, Eiliv; Lavrova, Nadya; Lyså, Astrid; Nielsen, Jan K (2001): Early and Middle Valdaian glaciations, ice-dammed lakes and periglacial interstadials in northwest Russia: new evidence from the Pyoza River area. Global and Planetary Change, 31(1-4), 215-237, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8181(01)00121-7
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: The Pyoza River area in the Arkhangelsk district exposes sedimentary sequences suitable for study of the interaction between consecutive Valdaian ice sheets in Northern Russia. Lithostratigraphic investigations combined with luminescence dating have revealed new evidence on the Late Pleistocene history of the area. Overlying glacigenic deposits of the Moscowian (Saalian) glaciation marine deposits previously confined to three separate transgression phases have all been connected to the Mikulinian (Eemian) interglacial. Early Valdaian (E. Weichselian) proglacial, lacustrine and fluvial deposits indicate glaciation to the east or north and consequently glacier damming and meltwater run-off in the Pyoza area around 90-110 ka BP. Interstadial conditions with forest-steppe tundra vegetation and lacustrine and fluvial deposition prevailed at the end of the Early Valdaian around 75-95 ka BP. A terrestrial-based glaciation from easterly uplands reached the Pyoza area at the Early to Middle Valdaian transition around 65-75 ka BP and deposited glaciofluvial strata and subglacial till (Yolkino Till). During deglaciation, laterally extensive glaciolacustrine sediments were deposited in ice-dammed lakes in the early Middle Valdaian around 55-75 ka BP. The Barents–Kara Sea ice sheet deposited the Viryuga Till on the lower Pyoza from northerly directions. The ice sheet formed the Pyoza marginal moraines, which can be correlated with the Markhida moraines further east, and proglacial lacustrine deposition persisted in the area during the first part of the Middle Valdaian. Glacio-isostatic uplift caused erosion followed by pedogenesis and the formation of a deflation horizon in the Middle Valdaian. Widely dispersed periglacial river plains were formed during the Late Valdaian around 10-20 ka BP. Thus, the evidence of a terrestrial-based ice sheet from easterly uplands in the Pyoza area suggests that local piedmont glaciers situated in highlands such as the Timan Ridge or the Urals could have developed into larger, regionally confined ice sheets. Two phases of ice damming and development of proglacial lakes occurred during the Early and Middle Valdaian. The region did not experience glaciation during the Late Valdaian.
    Keywords: Age, dated; Age, dated standard deviation; Age, optical stimulated luminescence (OSL); Dose rate; Dose rate, standard deviation; ELEVATION; Equivalent dose; LATITUDE; Lithologic unit/sequence; Lithology/composition/facies; LONGITUDE; Number; Quaternary Environment of the Eurasian North; QUEEN; Replicates; Sample code/label; Sample code/label 2; Water content, wet mass
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 528 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Table 1. Luminescence ages of 6 sites from northwest Russia
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: Age, dated; Age, dated material; Age, dated standard deviation; Age, optical stimulated luminescence (OSL); Bobrovo; Chelmokhta; Dose rate; ELEVATION; Equivalent dose; Event label; Koleshka; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; OUTCROP; Outcrop sample; Pasva; Quaternary Environment of the Eurasian North; QUEEN; QUEEN_Exped; Raibola; Replicates; Sample code/label; Smotrakovka; Trepyzovo
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 140 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Table 2. Radiocarbon ages of 4 sites from northwest Russia
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: Age, 14C AMS; Age, dated; Age, dated material; Age, dated standard deviation; Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; Chelmokhta; ELEVATION; Event label; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; OUTCROP; Outcrop sample; Psaryovo; Quaternary Environment of the Eurasian North; QUEEN; QUEEN_Exped; Raibola; Sample, optional label/labor no; Sample code/label; Trepyzovo; δ13C, organic carbon
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 59 data points
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  • 5
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    (Table S1) Stable isotope record and growth rates of cultured Mytilus edulis
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Wanamaker, Alan D; Kreutz, Karl J; Borns, Harold W; Introne, Douglas S; Feindel, Scott; Funder, Svend; Rawson, Paul D; Barber, Bruce J (2007): Experimental determination of salinity, temperature, growth, and metabolic effects on shell isotope chemistry of Mytilus edulis collected from Maine and Greenland. Paleoceanography, 22, PA2217, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006PA001352
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: To study the effects of temperature, salinity, and life processes (growth rates, size, metabolic effects, and physiological/genetic effects) on newly precipitated bivalve carbonate, we quantified shell isotopic chemistry of adult and juvenile animals of the intertidal bivalve Mytilus edulis (Blue mussel) collected alive from western Greenland and the central Gulf of Maine and cultured them under controlled conditions. Data for juvenile and adult M. edulis bivalves cultured in this study, and previously by Wanamaker et al. (2006, doi:10.1029/2005GC001189), yielded statistically identical paleotemperature relationships. On the basis of these experiments we have developed a species-specific paleotemperature equation for the bivalve M. edulis [T °C = 16.28 (±0.10) - 4.57 (±0.15) {d18Oc VPBD - d18Ow VSMOW} + 0.06 (±0.06) {d18Oc VPBD - d18Ow VSMOW}**2; r**2 = 0.99; N = 323; p 〈 0.0001]. Compared to the Kim and O'Neil (1997) inorganic calcite equation, M. edulis deposits its shell in isotope equilibrium (d18Ocalcite) with ambient water. Carbon isotopes (d13Ccalcite) from sampled shells were substantially more negative than predicted values, indicating an uptake of metabolic carbon into shell carbonate, and d13Ccalcite disequilibrium increased with increasing salinity. Sampled shells of M. edulis showed no significant trends in d18Ocalcite based on size, cultured growth rates, or geographic collection location, suggesting that vital effects do not affect d18Ocalcite in M. edulis. The broad modern and paleogeographic distribution of this bivalve, its abundance during the Holocene, and the lack of an intraspecies physiologic isotope effect demonstrated here make it an ideal nearshore paleoceanographic proxy throughout much of the North Atlantic Ocean.
    Keywords: -; Damariscotta; Event label; Greenland; Growth rate; Gulf of Maine; HAND; Mytilus edulis, shell length; Salinity; Sample comment; Sample ID; Sampling by hand; Sisimiut_2004; Temperature, difference; Temperature, water; Δδ18O; δ13C, dissolved inorganic carbon; δ13C, skeletal carbonate; δ18O, skeletal carbonate; δ18O, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3472 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pleistocene stratigraphy of Kongsfjordhallet, Spitsbergen, Svalbard (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Polar research 18 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1751-8369
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Open sections along Kongsfjodhallet, the north-western coast Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, exhibit marine and glacigenic sediments of Early to Late Plestocene age. Glaciatio, deglaciation and subsequent isostatic rebound caused the formation of three sedimentary successions (A, B and C) that comprise till grading upward into glaciomarine mud, followed by shell-bearing sand, and finally littoral sand and gravel. Six major lithostratigraphic units are recognized. Succession C comprises units 1 and 2, which were deposited during an Early Pleistocene glaciation, followed by deglaciation and subsequent beach progradation. Succession B is divisible into units 3 and 4 and reflects glaciation and eventual emergence as a result of isostatic response. The youngest succesion (A) comprises units 5 and 6, and reflects fiord glaciation followed by a regression during an Early Weichselian glaciation-deglaciation episode. Ice-free conditions may have prevailed untill the Late Weichselian, when a glaciation, confined to the fiord trough, covered parts of Kongsfjordhallet. Deglaciation and isostatic rebound are recorded by Holocene marine terraces up to ca 40 m a. s. l.Marine and glacial events from Kongsfjordhallet are compared with stratigraphic evidence from adjacent regions and it is suggested that the Late Weichselian ice configuration was of a more restricted nature than proposed by previous authors. Glaciers. draining through the larger ford troughs reached the shelf break. while at the same time other parts of western Svalbard could have experienced restricted glaciation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.1999.tb00276.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
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    Pleistocene organic matter modified by the Hiawatha impact, northwest Greenland (2020)
    Geological Society of America
    In:  EPIC3Geology, Geological Society of America, 48, pp. 867-871, ISSN: 0091-7613
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-26
    Description: The 31-km-wide Hiawatha impact crater was recently discovered under the ice sheet in northwest Greenland, but its age remains uncertain. Here we investigate solid organic matter found at the tip of the Hiawatha Glacier to determine its thermal degradation, provenance, and age, and hence a maximum age of the impact. Impactite grains of microbrecchia and shock-melted glass in glaciofluvial sand contain abundant dispersed carbon, and gravel-sized charcoal particles are common on the outwash plain in front of the crater. The organic matter is depleted in the thermally sensitive, labile bio-macromolecule proto-hydrocarbons. Pebble-sized lumps of lignite collected close to the sand sample consist largely of fragments of conifers such as Pinus or Picea, with greatly expanded cork cells and desiccation cracks which suggest rapid, heat-induced expansion and contraction. Pinus and Picea are today extinct from North Greenland but are known from late Pliocene deposits in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and early Pleistocene deposits at Kap København in eastern North Greenland. The thermally degraded organic material yields a maximum age for the impact, providing the first firm evidence that the Hiawatha crater is the youngest known large impact structure on Earth.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 8
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    Origin and transformation of organic carbon from the Hiawatha meteorite crater, North-West Greenland: a preliminary study (2018)
    In:  EPIC3Energy Procedia, 146, pp. 17-22, ISSN: 18766102
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-30
    Description: Glaciofluvial sand draining the newly discovered Hiawatha impact crater under the Greenland Ice Sheet in North-West Greenland contains shocked quartz, glasses derived from direct mineral melts, carbon-bearing glasses, particles of charcoal and transformed ('glassy') charcoal, as well as low-reflectance carbonaceous grains with tiny carbon spherules and mineral fragments. Some of these grains are interpreted as ejecta and perhaps plume material containing sublimated and re-deposited carbon. The only plausible carbon source of this carbon is subfossil Arctic vegetation including small conifer and angiosperm trees older than 50 ka and likely around 2.3 Ma in age, supporting a very young age of the crater.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 9
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    A large impact crater beneath Hiawatha Glacier in northwest Greenland (2018)
    In:  EPIC3Science Advances, 4(11), pp. eaar8173, ISSN: 2375-2548
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-19
    Description: We report the discovery of a large impact crater beneath Hiawatha Glacier in northwest Greenland. From airborne radar surveys, we identify a 31-kilometer-wide, circular bedrock depression beneath up to a kilometer of ice. This depression has an elevated rim that cross-cuts tributary subglacial channels and a subdued central uplift that appears to be actively eroding. From ground investigations of the deglaciated foreland, we identify overprinted structures within Precambrian bedrock along the ice margin that strike tangent to the subglacial rim. Glaciofluvial sediment from the largest river draining the crater contains shocked quartz and other impact-related grains. Geochemical analysis of this sediment indicates that the impactor was a fractionated iron asteroid, which must have been more than a kilometer wide to produce the identified crater. Radiostratigraphy of the ice in the crater shows that the Holocene ice is continuous and conformable, but all deeper and older ice appears to be debris rich or heavily disturbed. The age of this impact crater is presently unknown, but from our geological and geophysical evidence, we conclude that it is unlikely to predate the Pleistocene inception of the Greenland Ice Sheet.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Arctic Ocean glacial history (2014)
    PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
    In:  EPIC3Quaternary Science Reviews, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 92, pp. 40-67, ISSN: 0277-3791
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-02
    Description: While there are numerous hypotheses concerning glacialeinterglacial environmental and climatic regime shifts in the Arctic Ocean, a holistic view on the Northern Hemisphere’s late Quaternary ice-sheet extent and their impact on ocean and sea-ice dynamics remains to be established. Here we aim to provide a step in this direction by presenting an overview of Arctic Ocean glacial history, based on the present state-of-the-art knowledge gained from field work and chronological studies, and with a specific focus on ice-sheet extent and environmental conditions during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The maximum Quaternary extension of ice sheets is discussed and compared to LGM. We bring together recent results from the circum-Arctic continental margins and the deep central basin; extent of ice sheets and ice streams bordering the Arctic Ocean as well as evidence for ice shelves extending into the central deep basin. Discrepancies between new results and published LGM ice-sheet reconstructions in the high Arctic are highlighted and outstanding questions are identified. Finally, we address the ability to simulate the Arctic Ocean ice sheet complexes and their dynamics, including ice streams and ice shelves, using presently available ice-sheet models. Our review shows that while we are able to firmly reject some of the earlier hypotheses formulated to describe Arctic Ocean glacial conditions, we still lack information from key areas to compile the holistic Arctic Ocean glacial history.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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