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  • Data  (12)
  • 2020-2024  (12)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: DATE/TIME; Gross primary production/Respiration rate ratio; Gross primary production of oxygen; Identification; Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Net community calcification rate of calcium carbonate, dark; Net community calcification rate of calcium carbonate, light; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Respiration rate, oxygen; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 216 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: The interaction between current flow and topography (e.g., surface ripples) in shallow, permeable coral reef carbonate sediments establishes pressure gradients that increase the rate of sediment-water solute exchange relative to fluid shear along a flat bottom. It is currently unknown how this effect from surface ripples will modify the rate at which the sediment porewater is exposed to future chemical changes in the overlying water column, such as elevated pCO2 that is causing ocean acidification (OA). To address this question, this study used a series of 22-hour incubations in flume aquaria with permeable calcium carbonate sediment communities and examined the interactive effect of pCO2 (400 and 1000 µatm) and surface topography (flat and rippled sediments) on carbonate sediment metabolism and dissolution. According to dissolved oxygen optode image analysis, the presence of surface ripples increased the oxygenated area below the sediment surface by 295% relative to flat sediments. This was reflected in the sediment-to-water column fluxes of dissolved oxygen, where rippled sediments exhibited rates of respiration (R) and gross primary production (GPP) that were ~ 45% and ~ 50% higher, respectively, than flat sediments. An increase in pCO2 shifted the sediments in the flat flumes from net calcifying (Gnet 〉 0) to net dissolving (Gnet 〈 0), an effect that was amplified an additional ~ 60% in rippled sediments. These results suggest that current estimates of coral reef carbonate sediment Gnet may be underestimating the dissolution response to OA where the carbonate sediment environment exhibits ripples in the topography.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-12-06
    Description: This data is part of the BMBF project CUSCO (Coastal Upwelling Systems in a Changing Ocean). Here we report the dissolved inorganic carbon concentration and total alkalinity during a 35-day experiment, where we enclosed natural plankton communities in in-situ mesocosms off Peru. The experiment investigated the interactive effects of light and upwelling on the Humboldt upwelling ecosystem by mimicking a gradient of upwelling intensities (0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60%) under summer-time high light and winter-time low light. Integrated seawater samples from a depth between 0 and 10m were collected using a 5L Integrating Water sampler (IWS; Hydro-Bios, Kiel). Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) samples were obtained by 0.2µm gentle pressure filtration, poisoned with saturated 7.5 % mercury chloride (HgCl2) solution and frozen at -20°C until measurement. Samples for Total Alkalinity (TA) were measured by means of potentiometric titration with 0.05 M HCl using an automated titration device (862 Metrohm Compact Titrosampler). All DIC samples taken until day 17 were measured using an Automated Infra-Red Inorganic Carbon Analyzer (AIRICA) with a LICOR detector (LI-7000 CO2/H20 Analyzer, MARIANDA, Kiel). Certified reference material (Dickson standard for oceanic CO2 Measurements - CRM Batch 142 with salinity = 33.389 and DIC = 2038,07 µmol/kg) was measured and used to correct measured sample values. Additional DIC samples were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the 13C signal. The data of the GC-MS was adjusted to the AIRICA data using a linear transformation. Missing days were filled using an average of the day before and after.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; AQUACOSM; Automated Infra Red Inorganic Carbon Analyzer (AIRICA), MARIANDA; with a LICOR detector (LI-7000 CO2/H2O Analyzer); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; Comment; CUSCO; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Depth, water, experiment, bottom/maximum; Depth, water, experiment, top/minimum; DIC; Event label; Field experiment; Gas chromatography - Mass spectrometry (GC-MS); Humboldt Current System; KOSMOS_2020; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M1; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M10; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M2; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M3; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M4; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M5; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M6; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M7; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M8; KOSMOS_2020_Mesocosm-M9; KOSMOS Peru; light limitation; MESO; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; mesocosm study; Network of Leading European AQUAtic MesoCOSM Facilities Connecting Mountains to Oceans from the Arctic to the Mediterranean; Potentiometric titration, Metrohm 862 Compact Titrosampler; TA alkalinity; Treatment; Treatment: light condition; Type of study; Upwelling
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1761 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-01-02
    Description: Dissolved organic/inorganic carbon and oxygen fluxes from whole sediment core incubations subject to temperature and ocean acidification manipulations. Estuaries make a disproportionately large contribution of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to the global carbon cycle, but it is unknown how this will change under a future climate. As such, the response of DOC fluxes from microbially dominated unvegetated sediments to individual and combined future climate stressors of warming (from Δ-3 °C to Δ+5 °C on ambient mean temperatures) and ocean acidification (OA, ~2 times the current partial pressure of CO2, pCO2) was investigated ex situ. Warming alone increased sediment heterotrophy, resulting in a proportional increase in sediment DOC uptake, with sediments becoming net sinks of DOC (3.5 to 8.8 mmol-C m-2 d-1) at warmer temperatures (Δ+3 °C and Δ+5 °C, respectively). This temperature response changed under OA conditions, with sediments becoming more autotrophic and a greater sink of DOC (1 to 4 times greater than under current-pCO2). This response was attributed to the stimulation of heterotrophic bacteria with the autochthonous production of labile organic matter by microphytobenthos. Extrapolating these results to the global area of unvegetated subtidal estuarine sediments, the future climate of warming (Δ+3 °C) and OA may decrease the estuarine export of DOC by ~80 % (~150 Tg-C yr-1) and have a disproportionately large impact on the global DOC budget.
    Keywords: AIRICA analyzer (Miranda); Australia; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, dissolved; Clarence_Estuary; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DEPTH, water; estuaries; EXP; Experiment; LDO-probe; Ocean acidification; Oxygen saturation; pH; pH probe; Replicates; Salinity; SALINO; Salinometer; sediment; Surface area; Temperature, water; Temperature sensor; Time in minutes; Time point, descriptive; TOC analyser, Aurora 1030W; Treatment; Volume; warming
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1053 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Relative to their surface area, estuaries make a disproportionately large contribution of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to the global carbon cycle, but it is unknown how this will change under a future climate. As such, the response of DOC fluxes from microbially dominated unvegetated sediments to individual and combined future climate stressors of temperature change (from delta −3 to delta +5 °C compared to ambient mean temperatures) and ocean acidification (OA, 2*current CO2 partial pressure, pCO2) was investigated ex situ. Warming alone increased sediment heterotrophy, resulting in a proportional increase in sediment DOC uptake; sediments became net sinks of DOC (3.5 to 8.8 mmol C/m**2/d) at warmer temperatures (delta +3 and delta +5 °C, respectively). This temperature response changed under OA conditions, with sediments becoming more autotrophic and a greater sink of DOC (up to 4* greater than under current pCO2 conditions). This response was attributed to the stimulation of heterotrophic bacteria with the autochthonous production of labile organic matter by microphytobenthos. Extrapolating these results to the global area of unvegetated subtidal estuarine sediments, we find that the future climate of warming (delta +3 °C) and OA may decrease estuarine export of DOC by ∼ 80 % (150 Tg C/yr) and have a disproportionately large impact on the global DOC budget.
    Keywords: AIRICA analyzer (Miranda); Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, flux; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, flux, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, dissolved, flux; Carbon, organic, dissolved, flux, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Clarence_River_estuary; Coast and continental shelf; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DEPTH, water; Entire community; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gross primary production of oxygen; Gross primary production of oxygen, standard deviation; Laboratory experiment; Net primary production of oxygen; Net primary production of oxygen, standard deviation; Nitrogen, inorganic, dissolved; Nitrogen, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Oxygen saturation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Production/respiration ratio; Production/respiration ratio, standard deviation; Replicates; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Respiration rate, oxygen, standard deviation; Salinity; Soft-bottom community; South Pacific; Surface area; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Time in minutes; Time point, descriptive; Treatment; Type; Volume
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2737 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Identification; Oxygen; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Salinity; Temperature, water; Time point, descriptive; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1824 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: High-latitude oceans have been identified as particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification if anthropogenic CO2 emissions continue. Marine microbes are an essential part of the marine food web and are a critical link in biogeochemical processes in the ocean, such as the cycling of nutrients and carbon. Despite this, the response of Antarctic marine microbial communities to ocean acidification is poorly understood. We investigated the effect of increasing fCO2 on the growth of heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNFs), nano- and picophytoplankton, and prokaryotes (heterotrophic Bacteria and Archaea) in a natural coastal Antarctic marine microbial community from Prydz Bay, East Antarctica. At CO2 levels ≥634 µatm, HNF abundance was reduced, coinciding with increased abundance of picophytoplankton and prokaryotes. This increase in picophytoplankton and prokaryote abundance was likely due to a reduction in top-down control of grazing HNFs. Nanophytoplankton abundance was elevated in the 634 µatm treatment, suggesting that moderate increases in CO2 may stimulate growth. The taxonomic and morphological differences in CO2 tolerance we observed are likely to favour dominance of microbial communities by prokaryotes, nanophytoplankton, and picophytoplankton. Such changes in predator–prey interactions with ocean acidification could have a significant effect on the food web and biogeochemistry in the Southern Ocean, intensifying organic-matter recycling in surface waters; reducing vertical carbon flux; and reducing the quality, quantity, and availability of food for higher trophic levels.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Ammonium; Antarctic; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cell density; Cell density, standard error; Chlorophyll a; Community composition and diversity; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Date; Duration, number of days; Entire community; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Identification; Irradiance; Laboratory experiment; Light attenuation, vertical; Nanoflagellates, heterotrophic; Nanophytoplankton; Nitrogen oxide; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phosphate; Picophytoplankton; Polar; Position; Prokaryotes; Prydz_Bay_OA; Replicate; Salinity; Silicate; Species; Temperature, water; Treatment; Type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 53927 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Although coccolithophore physiological responses to CO2-induced changes in seawater carbonate chemistry have been widely studied in the past, there is limited knowledge on the variability of physiological responses between populations from different areas. In the present study, we investigated the specific responses of growth, particulate organic (POC) and inorganic carbon (PIC) production rates of three populations of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi from three regions in the North Atlantic Ocean (Azores: six strains, Canary Islands: five strains, and Norwegian coast near Bergen: six strains) to a CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) range from 120 to 2630 µatm. Physiological rates of each population and individual strain increased with rising pCO2 levels, reached a maximum and declined thereafter. Optimal pCO2 for growth, POC production rates, and tolerance to low pH (i.e., high proton concentration) was significantly higher in an E. huxleyi population isolated from the Norwegian coast than in those isolated near the Azores and Canary Islands. This may be due to the large environmental variability including large pCO2 and pH fluctuations in coastal waters off Bergen compared to the rather stable oceanic conditions at the other two sites. Maximum growth and POC production rates of the Azores and Bergen populations were similar and significantly higher than that of the Canary Islands population. This pattern could be driven by temperature–CO2 interactions where the chosen incubation temperature (16 °C) was slightly below what strains isolated near the Canary Islands normally experience. Our results indicate adaptation of E. huxleyi to their local environmental conditions and the existence of distinct E. huxleyi populations. Within each population, different growth, POC, and PIC production rates at different pCO2 levels indicated strain-specific phenotypic plasticity. Accounting for this variability is important to understand how or whether E. huxleyi might adapt to rising CO2 levels.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Azores_OA; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, particulate; Carbon, inorganic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Emiliania huxleyi; Event label; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gran_Canaria; Growth; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio; Particulate inorganic carbon/particulate organic carbon ratio, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon per cell, standard deviation; Particulate inorganic carbon production per cell; Particulate organic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon production per cell; Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Raunefjord_OA; Salinity; Single species; Site; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Strain; Temperate; Temperature, water; Type of study
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9080 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Primary production in the Southern Ocean is dominated by diatom-rich phytoplankton assemblages, whose individual physiological characteristics and community composition are strongly shaped by the environment, yet knowledge on how diatoms allocate cellular energy in response to ocean acidification (OA) is limited. Understanding such changes in allocation is integral to determining the nutritional quality of diatoms and the subsequent impacts on the trophic transfer of energy and nutrients. Using synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy, we analysed the macromolecular content of selected individual diatom taxa from a natural Antarctic phytoplankton community exposed to a gradient of fCO2 levels (288–1263 µatm). Strong species-specific differences in macromolecular partitioning were observed under OA. Large taxa showed preferential energy allocation towards proteins, while smaller taxa increased both lipid and protein stores at high fCO2. If these changes are representative of future Antarctic diatom physiology, we may expect a shift away from lipid-rich large diatoms towards a community dominated by smaller taxa, but with higher lipid and protein stores than their present-day contemporaries, a response that could have cascading effects on food web dynamics in the Antarctic marine ecosystem.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Antarctic; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cell biovolume; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Compounds; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Davis_Station_Antarctica; Entire community; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Identification; Laboratory experiment; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Peak area; Pelagos; pH; Phosphorus, reactive soluble; Polar; Salinity; Sample code/label; Silicate; Species; Temperature, water; Type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 98002 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-03-22
    Description: An indoor mesocosm experiment was carried out to investigate the combined effects of ocean acidification and warming on the species composition and biogeochemical element cycling during a winter/spring bloom with a natural phytoplankton assemblage from the Kiel fjord, Germany. The experimental setup consisted of a “Control” (ambient temperature of ~4.8 °C and ~535 ± 25 μatm pCO2), a “High-CO2” treatment (ambient temperature and initially 1020 ± 45 μatm pCO2) and a “Greenhouse” treatment (~8.5 °C and initially 990 ± 60 μatm pCO2). Nutrient replete conditions prevailed at the beginning of the experiment and light was provided at in situ levels upon reaching pCO2 target levels. A diatom-dominated bloom developed in all treatments with Skeletonema costatum as the dominant species but with an increased abundance and biomass contribution of larger diatom species in the Greenhouse treatment. Conditions in the Greenhouse treatment accelerated bloom development with faster utilization of inorganic nutrients and an earlier peak in phytoplankton biomass compared to the Control and High CO2 but no difference in maximum concentration of particulate organic matter (POM) between treatments. Loss of POM in the Greenhouse treatment, however, was twice as high as in the Control and High CO2 treatment at the end of the experiment, most likely due to an increased proportion of larger diatom species in that treatment. We hypothesize that the combination of warming and acidification can induce shifts in diatom species composition with potential feedbacks on biogeochemical element cycling.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Baltic Sea; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Carbon, organic, particulate/Phosphorus, organic, particulate ratio; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cell density; Chlorophyll a; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Coulometric titration; Entire community; Experiment duration; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Mesocosm or benthocosm; Nitrogen, organic, particulate/Phosphorus, organic, particulate ratio; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; Percentage; pH; Potentiometric titration; Replicate; Salinity; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water; Treatment; Type of study
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5537 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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