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  • Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM; RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations  (4)
  • Sea-surface temperatures
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  • 1
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    Correction to “Forcing of tropical Atlantic sea surface temperatures during the mid-Pleistocene transition” (2010)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2005. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Paleoceanography 20 (2005): PA1019, doi:10.1029/2005PA001134.
    Keywords: Sea-surface temperatures ; Mid-Pleistocene transition ; Tropical Atlantic
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 2
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    Pollen and spores of sites GeoB8331 and GeoB8323, Namaqualand Mudbelt, Holocene South Africa (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Zhao, X; Dupont, Lydie M; Schefuß, Enno; Meadows, Michael E; Hahn, A; Wefer, Gerold (2016): Holocene vegetation and climate variability in the winter and summer rainfall zones of South Africa. The Holocene, 26(6), 843-857, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683615622544
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: To better understand Holocene vegetation and hydrological changes in South Africa, we analyzed pollen and microcharcoal records of two marine sites GeoB8331 and GeoB8323 from the Namaqualand mudbelt offshore the west coast of South Africa covering the last 9900 and 2200 years, respectively. Our data corroborate findings from literature that climate developments apparently contrast between the summer rainfall zone (SRZ) and winter rainfall zone (WRZ) over the last 9900 years, especially during the early and middle Holocene. During the early Holocene (9900-7800 cal.yr BP), a minimum of grass pollen suggests low summer rainfall in the SRZ, and the initial presence of Renosterveld vegetation indicates relatively wet conditions in the WRZ. Towards the middle Holocene (7800-2400 cal. yr BP), a rather moist savanna/grassland rich in grasses suggests higher summer rainfall in the SRZ resulting from increased austral summer insolation and a decline of fynbos vegetation accompanied by an increasing Succulent Karoo vegetation in the WRZ possibly suggests a southward shift of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies. During the last 2200 years, a trend towards higher aridity was observed for the SRZ, while the climate in the WRZ remained relatively stable. The Little Ice Age (ca. 700-200 cal. yr BP) was rather cool in both rainfall zones and drier in the SRZ while wetter in the WRZ.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM; RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 8 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    n-Alkanes and compound-specific isotopes in the Orange River system (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Burdanowitz, Nicole; Dupont, Lydie M; Zabel, Matthias; Schefuß, Enno (2018): Holocene hydrologic and vegetation developments in the Orange River catchment (South Africa) and their controls. The Holocene, 28(8), 1288-1300, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683618771484
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-15
    Description: The summer rainfall zone (SRZ) in the South African interior experienced pronounced hydrological and vegetation changes during the Holocene inferred to be driven mainly by shifts in atmospheric and oceanic circulations systems. The exact mechanisms controlling these changes are still debated. To gain better insights into the Holocene environmental changes in the South African SRZ and their driving factors, we analysed compound-specific carbon and hydrogen isotopes of plant wax n-alkanes (δ13Cwax and δDwax) from a marine sediment core covering the last 9900 years. The core has been recovered offshore the mouth of the Orange River, predominantly draining the South African summer rainfall region. Our data indicate a dry early Holocene and a gradual increase of wetter conditions with a higher abundance of C4 vegetation towards the middle Holocene. Wettest conditions occurred around 3900 cal. yr BP. The last 3900 years were characterised by a gradual aridification overlain by variable wetter conditions. During the 'Little Ice Age' (LIA: ca. 640–310 cal. yr BP), relatively dry conditions with elevated C4 plant contributions occurred. This opposite behaviour, that is, more C4 plant contribution during drier conditions compared to the remainder of the Holocene, points towards an influence of winter rainfall in the lower Orange River catchment during the late-Holocene and a decline in summer rainfall. We emphasise the importance of changes in the latitudinal insolation gradient (LIG) as a potentially important controlling mechanism for hydrologic and vegetation changes in the SRZ.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM; RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst analysis of sediment core GeoB8331-4 and from surface sediment samples off western South Africa (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Zhao, Xueqin; Dupont, Lydie M; Schefuß, Enno; Bouimetarhan, Ilham; Wefer, Gerold (2017): Palynological evidence for Holocene climatic and oceanographic changes off western South Africa. Quaternary Science Reviews, 165, 88-101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.04.022
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-28
    Description: Atmospheric and oceanographic interactions between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans influence upwelling in the southern Benguela upwelling system. In order to obtain a better knowledge of paleoceanographic and paleoenvironmental changes in the southern Benguela region during the Holocene, 12 marine surface sediment samples and one gravity core GeoB8331-4 from the Namaqualand mudbelt off the west coast of South Africa have been studied for organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts in high temporal resolution. The results are compared with pollen and geochemical records from the same samples. Our study emphasizes significantly distinct histories in upwelling intensity as well as the influence of fluvial input during the Holocene. Three main phases were identified for the Holocene. High percentages of cysts produced by autotrophic taxa like Operculodinium centrocarpum and Spiniferites spp. indicate warmer and stratified conditions during the early Holocene (9900-8400 cal. yr BP), suggesting reduced upwelling likely due to a northward shift of the southern westerlies. In contrast, the middle Holocene (8400-3100 cal. yr BP) is characterized by a strong increase in heterotrophic taxa in particular Lejeunecysta paratenella and Echinidinium spp. at the expense of autotrophic taxa. This indicates cool and nutrient-rich waters with active upwelling probably caused by a southward shift of the southern westerlies. During the late Holocene (3100 cal. yr BP to modern), Brigantedinium spp. and other abundant taxa interpreted to indicate fluvial nutrient input such as cyst of Protoperidinium americanum and Lejeunecysta oliva imply strong river discharge with high nutrient supply between 3100 and 640 cal. yr BP.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM; RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Linking catchment hydrology and ocean circulation in Late Holocene southernmost Africa (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Hahn, Annette; Schefuß, Enno; Andó, Sergio; Cawthra, Hayley C; Frenzel, Peter; Kugel, Martin; Meschner, Stephanie; Mollenhauer, Gesine; Zabel, Matthias (2017): Southern Hemisphere anticyclonic circulation drives oceanic and climatic conditions in late Holocene southernmost Africa. Climate of the Past, 13, 649-665, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-649-2017
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Due to the high sensitivity of southern Africa to climate change, a reliable understanding of its hydrological system is crucial. Recent studies of the regional climatic system have revealed a highly complex interplay of forcing factors on precipitation regimes. This includes the influence of the tropical easterlies, the strength of the southern hemispheric westerlies as well as sea surface temperatures along the coast of the subcontinent. However, very few marine records have been available in order to study the coupling of marine and atmospheric circulation systems. Here we present results from a marine sediment core, recovered in shallow waters off the Gouritz River mouth on the south coast of South Africa. Core GeoB18308-1 allows a closer view of the last ~ 4 kyr. Climate sensitive organic proxies, like the distribution and isotopic composition of plant-wax lipids as well as indicators for sea surface temperatures and soil input, give information on oceanographic and hydrologic changes during the recorded time period. Moreover, the micropaleontology, mineralogical and elemental composition of the sediments reflect the variability of the terrigenous input to the core site. The combination of down-core sediment signatures and a catchment-wide provenance study indicate that the Little Ice Age (~ 300-650 cal yr BP) was characterized by climatic conditions favorable to torrential flood events. The Medieval Climate Anomaly (~ 950-650 cal yr BP) is expressed by lower sea surface temperatures in the Mossel Bay area and humid conditions in the Gouritz River catchment. These new results suggest that the coincidence of humid conditions and cooler sea surface temperatures along the south coast of South Africa resulted from a strengthened and more southerly anticyclonic circulation. Most probably, the transport of moisture from the Indian Ocean by strong subtropical easterlies was coupled with Agulhas Bank upwelling pulses, which were initiated by an increase in Agulhas Current strength.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; MARUM; RAiN; Regional Archives for Integrated iNvestigations
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
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