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  • 1
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    Persistent Provenance of South Asian Monsoon‐Induced Silicate Weathering Over the Past 27 Million Years (2021)
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-21
    Description: The development of the South Asian monsoon (SAM) and Himalaya‐Tibetan Plateau uplift were closely intertwined with some studies suggesting that uplift initiated the monsoon whereas others link tectonics with monsoon‐controlled exhumation. Silicate weathering controls atmospheric CO2 on geological timescales resulting in a large potential for monsoon strength and the Himalayan orogeny to influence global climate but detailed records of SAM‐induced weathering on million year (Myr) timescales are lacking. Here, we present radiogenic Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope compositions of clay minerals produced by silicate weathering and transported to the central Bay of Bengal. The radiogenic isotope data exhibit a relatively small range and demonstrate a remarkably consistent mixture of sources dominated by Himalayan rocks and the Indo‐Burman ranges, which consist of sediments derived from the Himalayas. This suggests that the spatial pattern of regional weathering, which today is highest in the regions of strongest monsoon rains, has persisted in a similar form for the last 27 Myrs. A pronounced increase in primary clay mineral abundance (from 9% to 22%) coincident with global cooling 13.9 Myrs ago points to a shift in the weathering regime given that the clay provenance did not change dramatically. Relatively weaker chemical weathering intensity during the mid and late Miocene cooling suggests increased aridity and changes in the large scale atmospheric circulation in the SAM domain. The establishment of the dry winter monsoon season during the mid and late Miocene may have caused this shift in the weathering regime and can reconcile much of the contrasting evidence for SAM initiation.
    Description: Key Points: Relatively stable mixture of source rocks weathered to clays over the past 27 Myrs Pronounced increase in primary clay minerals occurred 13.9 Myrs ago Shift in weathering regime possibly result of winter monsoon dry season development
    Keywords: 551.3 ; Bay of Bengal ; clay minerals ; radiogenic Sr, Nd, Pb isotopes ; Silicate silicate weathering ; South Asian monsoon
    Type: article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 2
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    Provenance and Weathering of Clays Delivered to the Bay of Bengal During the Middle Miocene: Linkages to Tectonics and Monsoonal Climate (2021)
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-21
    Description: Tectonics and regional monsoon strength control weathering and erosion regimes of the watersheds feeding into the Bay of Bengal, which are important contributors to global climate evolution via carbon cycle feedbacks. The detailed mechanisms controlling the input of terrigenous clay to the Bay of Bengal on tectonic to orbital timescales are, however, not yet well understood. We produced orbital‐scale resolution geochemical records for International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1443 (southern Bay of Bengal) across five key climatic intervals of the middle to late Miocene (15.8–9.5 Ma). Our new radiogenic Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope time series of clays transported to the Ninetyeast Ridge suggest that the individual contributions from different erosional sources overall remained remarkably consistent during the Miocene despite major tectonic reorganizations in the Himalayas. On orbital timescales, however, high‐resolution data from the five investigated intervals show marked fluctuations of all three isotope systems. Interestingly, the variability was much higher within the Miocene Climatic Optimum (around 16–15 Ma) and across the major global cooling (~13.9–13.8 Ma) until ~13.5 Ma, than during younger time intervals. This change is attributed to a major restriction on the supply of High Himalayan erosion products due to migration of the peak precipitation area toward the frontal domains of the Himalayas and the Indo‐Burman Ranges. The transient excursions of the radiogenic isotope signals on orbital timescales most likely reflect climatically driven shifts in monsoon strength.
    Description: Key Points: A consistent mix of clay sources contributed to the Bay of Bengal throughout the middle to late Miocene A marked change in detrital Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope variability at 13.5 Ma was related to Miocene global cooling Transient orbital‐scale fluctuations in clay source most likely reflect changes in monsoon intensity
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Keywords: 551 ; Bay of Bengal ; IODP Site U1443 ; Miocene ; sediment provenance ; Himalayas ; weathering ; erosion
    Type: article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 3
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    Seawater Nd and Pb isotopic record in central Pacific and Caribbean sediments (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Osborne, Anne H; Newkirk, Derrick R; Groeneveld, Jeroen; Martin, Ellen E; Tiedemann, Ralf; Frank, Martin (2014): The seawater neodymium and lead isotope record of the final stages of Central American Seaway closure. Paleoceanography, 29, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014PA002676
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-02
    Description: The shoaling and final closure of the Central American Seaway (CAS) resulted in a major change of the global ocean circulation and has been suggested as an essential driver for strengthening of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). The exact timing of CAS closure is key to interpreting its importance. Here we present a reconstruction of deep and intermediate water Nd and Pb isotope compositions obtained from fossil fish teeth and the authigenic coatings of planktonic foraminifera in the eastern equatorial Pacific (Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1241) and the Caribbean (ODP Sites 998, 999, and 1000) covering the final stages of CAS closure between 5.6 and 2.2 Ma. The data for the Pacific site indicate no significant Atlantic/Caribbean influence over this entire period. The Caribbean sites show a continuous trend to less radiogenic Nd isotope compositions during the Pliocene, consistent with an enhancement of Upper North Atlantic Deep Water (UNADW) inflow and a strengthening of the AMOC. Superimposed onto this long-term trend, shorter-term changes of intermediate Caribbean Nd isotope signatures approached more UNADW-like values during intervals when published reconstructions of seawater salinity suggested complete closure of the CAS. The data imply that significant deep water exchange with the Pacific essentially stopped by 7 Ma and that shallow exchange, which still occurred at least periodically until approximately 2.5 Ma, may have been linked to the strength of the AMOC but did not have any direct effect on the intermediate and deep Caribbean Nd isotope signatures through mixing with Pacific waters.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 11 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Benthic and planktic foraminiferal stable isotope records combined with Nd isotope ratios of ODP Hole 198-1210B (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Jung, Claudia; Voigt, Silke; Friedrich, Oliver; Koch, Mirjam C; Frank, Martin (2013): Campanian-Maastrichtian ocean circulation in the tropical Pacific. Paleoceanography, 28(3), 562-573, https://doi.org/10.1002/palo.20051
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: The Pacific Ocean is the largest water body on Earth, and circulation in the Pacific contributed significantly to climate evolution in the latest Cretaceous, the culmination of a period of long-term cooling. Here, we present new high-resolution late Campanian to Maastrichtian benthic and planktic foraminiferal stable isotope data and a neodymium (Nd) isotope record obtained from sedimentary ferromanganese oxide coatings of Ocean Drilling Program Hole 1210B from the tropical Pacific Ocean (Shatsky Rise). These new records resolve 13 million years in the latest Cretaceous, providing insights into changes in surface and bottom water temperatures and source regions of deep to intermediate waters covering the carbon isotope excursions of the Campanian-Maastrichtian Boundary Event (CMBE) and the Mid-Maastrichtian event (MME). Our new benthic foraminiferal d18O and Nd isotope records together with published Nd isotope data show markedly parallel trends across the studied interval over a broad range of bathyal to abyssal water depths interpreted to reflect changes in the intensity of deep-ocean circulation in the tropical Pacific. In particular, we observe a three-million-year-long period of cooler conditions in the early Maastrichtian (72.5 to 69.5 Ma) when a concomitant change toward less radiogenic seawater Nd isotope signatures probably marks a period of enhanced admixture and northward flow of deep waters with Southern Ocean provenance. We suggest this change to have been triggered by intensified formation and convection of deep waters in the high southern latitudes, a process that weakened during the MME (69.5 to 68.5 Ma). The early Maastrichtian cold interval is closely related to the negative and positive carbon isotope trends of the CMBE and MME. The millions-of-years long duration of these carbon cycle perturbations suggests a tectonic forcing of climatic cooling, possibly related to changes in ocean basin geometry and bathymetry.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Middle Miocene benthic oxygen and carbon stable isotopes and Nd isotopes from Pacific ODP sites (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Holbourn, Ann E; Kuhnt, Wolfgang; Frank, Martin; Haley, Brian A (2013): Changes in Pacific Ocean circulation following the Miocene onset of permanent Antarctic ice cover. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 365, 38-50, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.01.020
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: We integrate micropaleontological and geochemical records (benthic stable isotopes, neodymium isotopes, benthic foraminiferal abundances and XRF-scanner derived elemental data) from well-dated Pacific Ocean successions(15-12.7Ma) to monitor circulation changes during the middle Miocene transition into a colder climate mode with permanent Antarctic ice cover. Together with previously published records, our results show improvement in deepwater ventilation and strengthening of the meridional overturning circulation following major ice expansion at 13.9 Ma. Neodymium isotope data reveal, however, that the provenance of intermediate and deepwater masses did not change markedly between 15 and 12.7 Ma. We attribute the increased d13C gradient between Pacific deep and intermediate water masses between 13.6 and 12.7 Ma to more vigorous entrainment of PacificCentral Water into the wind-driven ocean circulation due to enhanced production of intermediate and deep waters in the Southern Ocean. Prominent 100 kyr ventilation cycles after 13.9 Ma reveal that the deep Pacific remained poorly ventilated during warmer intervals at high eccentricity, whereas colder periods (low eccentricity) were characterized by a more vigorous meridional overturning circulation with enhanced carbonate preservation. The long-term d13C decline in Pacific intermediate and deepwater sites between 13.5 and 12.7 Ma reflects a global trend, probably related to a re-adjustment response of the global carbon cycle following the last 400 kyr carbon maximum (CM6) of the ''Monterey Excursion''.
    Keywords: Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 7 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
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