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  • Barley  (10)
Publikationsart
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Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Water-soluble proteins of mature barley endosperm: genetic control, polymorphism, and linkage with β-amylase and spring/winter habit (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 81 (1991), S. 787-792 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Water-soluble protein (WSP) ; Barley ; β Amylase ; Linkage ; Spring/winter habit
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Water-soluble proteins (WSP-2 and WSP-3) and β-amylase (β-AMY-1) were extracted from mature endosperms of 44 spring and 39 winter barley genotypes. The protein and enzyme isoforms were separated in isoelectric focusing gels with a pH gradient of 4–6.5. The Wsp-3 and β-Amy-1 loci were located to chromosomes 4H using the wheat/barley chromosome addition lines. Segregation analysis of F2 and doubled haploid populations showed Wsp-2 and β-Amy-1 to be tightly linked, with a map distance of 11 cMorgans. Isoforms of WSP-2 possessed similar pIs to that of WSP-3 and overlapping bands were observed in the gels. These bands segregated independently in F2 and doubled haploid populations, implying two unlinked genes. All three loci were found to be polymorphic: two alleles were detected at the Wsp-2 locus, three at Wsp-3 and two at β-Amy-1. The frequency of alleles at all three loci was found to be different in winter and spring genotypes. Spring genotypes possessed a wider range of phenotypes than winter genotypes. Spring and winter genotypes could be distinguished on the basis of WSP-3 and β- AMY-1 phenotypes. The linkage between Wsp-3 and β-Amy-1 loci and genes controlling spring/winter habit on chromosome 4H is discussed. It is concluded that Wsp-3 and β-Amy-1 can be used as genetic markers for spring/winter habit in barley genetic research and breeding.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224991
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Introgression of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) determining stripe rust resistance in barley: an example of marker-assisted line development (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 123-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words QTL ; AFLP ; Marker-assisted selection ; Barley ; Puccinia striiformis f.sp. hordei
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  Genome-analysis tools are useful for dissecting complex phenotypes and manipulating determinants of these phenotypes in breeding programs. Quantitative trait locus (QTL)-analysis tools were used to map QTLs conferring adult plant resistance to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp. hordei) in barley. The resistance QTLs were introgressed into a genetic background unrelated to the mapping population with one cycle of marker-assisted backcrossing. Doubled-haploid lines were derived from selected backcross lines, phenotyped for stripe-rust resistance, and genotyped with an array of molecular markers. The resistance QTLs that were introgressed were significant determinants of resistance in the new genetic background. Additional resistance QTLs were also detected. The susceptible parent contributed resistance alleles at two of these new QTLs. We hypothesize that favorable alleles were fixed at these new QTLs in the original mapping population. Genetic background may, therefore, have an important role in QTL-transfer experiments. A breeding system is described that integrates single-copy and multiplex markers with confirmation of the target phenotype in doubled-haploid lines phenotyped in field tests. This approach may be useful for simultaneously producing agronomically useful germplasm and contributing to an understanding of quantitatively inherited traits.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050718
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Field performance of lines derived from haploid and diploid tissues of Hordeum vulgare (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 72 (1986), S. 458-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Hordeum vulgare ; Barley ; Tissue culture ; Haploid ; Somaclonal variation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Plant tissue culture technology is of increasing interest to plant breeders. As part of a continuing investigation into breeding methods with spring barley two studies were conducted to assess the field performance of the progenies of material regenerated in tissue culture. The first study involved two spring barley cultivars, ‘Golden Promise’ and ‘Mazurka’ and compared lines produced from immature embryo (IE) derived callus with those from embryos developed by the Hordeum bulbosum (Hb) technique of chromosome elimination. In general the mean values for the seven characters scored were lower for the IE than the Hb material. In the second study F1 hybrid material (‘Golden Promise’x‘Mazurka’) was used and doubled haploid lines produced by the H. bulbosum and microspore culture (M) techniques were compared with single seed descent (SSD) material. Analysis of these F∝ samples indicated that the mean values for the M lines were significantly lower than those of the Hb and SSD lines. Furthermore, data from the M lines showed significant evidence of variation created during the culture phase. The implications of these findings for barley breeding are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289527
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetical analysis of microspore derived plants of barley (Hordeum vulgare) (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 72 (1986), S. 619-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Barley ; Doubled haploids ; Somaclonal variation ; Breeding
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary From an F1 hybrid between the two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars ‘Golden Promise’ and ‘Mazurka’ a series of doubled haploid (DH) lines were generated both from microspores by anther culture and from immature zygotic embryos after hybridization withH. bulbosum. The DH lines from both sources were used to monitor the segregation of the five major genes, rachilla hair length, DDT susceptibility, height, C hordein polymorphism and mildew resistance. Whereas the microspore-derived samples showed significant departures from the expected 1∶1 ratio for three of the five genes, theH. bulbosum lines showed deviation for only one gene. Analysis of linkage data also showed differences between the two series of DH lines. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a mean chiasma frequency in theH. bulbosum lines which was very similar to the F1 hybrid. In contrast, four of the ten microspore derived lines examined showed a reduced chiasma frequency. One showed evidence of translocation heterozygosity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00288999
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Detection of quantitative trait loci for agronomic, yield, grain and disease characters in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 1037-1047 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Barley ; QTLs ; Linkage ; Yield ; Markers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been revealed for characters in a segregating population from a spring barley cross between genotypes adapted to North-West Europe. Transgressive segregation was found for all the characters, which was confirmed by the regular detection of positive and negative QTLs from both parents. A QTL for all the agronomic, yield and grain characters measured except thousand grain weight was found in the region of the denso dwarfing gene locus. There were considerable differences between the location of QTLs found in the present study and those found in previous studies of North American germ plasm, revealing the diversity between the two gene pools. Thirty-one QTLs were detected in more than one environment for the 13 characters studied, although many more were detected in just one environment. Whilst biometrical analyses suggested the presence of epistasis in the genetic control of some characters, there was little evidence of interactions between the QTLs apart from those associated with yield. QTLs of large effect sometimes masked the presence of QTLs of smaller effect.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223917
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The use of pollen irradiation in barley breeding (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 65 (1983), S. 73-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Barley ; Hordeum vulgare ; Irradiated pollen ; Plant breeding
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Second generation progenies (M2) derived from crosses using barley pollen irradiated at 500, 1,000 1,500 and 2,000 rads increasingly resembled the maternal parent. ‘Golden Promise’, but contained some characteristics derived from the paternal parent, ‘Magnum’.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276267
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Anther culture of Hordeum vulgare L.: a genetic study of microspore callus production and differentiation (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 74 (1987), S. 60-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Barley ; Anther culture ; Pollen ; Haploid ; Callus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The inheritance of the ability of barley anthers to produce microspore-derived callus in vitro was investigated. The genotypes selected were the two spring cultivars ‘Dissa’ (D) and ‘Sabarlis’ (S), the two F1 hybrids (DxS, SxD), the two backcross generations [Dx(DxS), Sx(DxS)], and an F2 generation derived from DxS. From a number of individuals of each generation, the first five spikes were harvested sequentially and after pre-treatment the anthers were removed and placed in culture. Cultures were scored for microspore callus production and plantlet differentiation. Although ‘Dissa’ gave a significantly higher level of callus production than ‘Sabarlis’, the overall frequencies of green and albino plant production were higher from ‘Sabarlis’. There was no significant difference between reciprocal F1 hybrids. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences in response between the spikes sampled from the plants. This was the major source of variation in the experiment. Spike to spike variation also appeared to be a heritable character.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00290084
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The inheritance of genetic markers in microspore-derived plants of barley Hordeum vulgare L. (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 81 (1991), S. 487-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Doubled haploids ; Microspore ; Isozymes ; RFLPs ; Barley
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Biochemical, molecular and morphological markers have been used to monitor the segregation of alleles at major gene loci in microspore-derived lines of four spring barley crosses and their parents. Significant deviations from the expected Mendelian ratios were observed for four of the ten markers studied in the cross. Distorted ratios were associated with loci located on chromosomes 4H and 6H. The differential transmission of alleles was in favour of the responsive parent (Blenheim) used in the anther culture studies. For the α-Amy-1 locus on chromosome 6H, the preferential transmission of Blenheim alleles was most pronounced in the haploid regenerants that were colchicine treated. These results are discussed in relation to the genetic control of androgenetic response in barley and with respect to the exploitation of another culture in barley improvement.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219438
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Identification of RAPD markers linked to genetic factors controlling the milling energy requirement of barley (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1993), S. 314-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): RAPDs ; DHs ; Bulked segregant analysis ; QTLs ; Barley
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Doubled haploid (DH) populations of barley have been used in combination with PCR-based polymorphic-assay procedures to identify molecular markers linked to genes controlling the milling energy requirement of the grain. Milling energy (ME) is a quantitative trait and locating individual quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved the construction of bulks by combining DNA from DH families representing the extreme members of the distribution for ME. In addition, the individuals had alternative alleles at theRrn2 locus that has previously been shown to be linked to an ME QTL. The DNA bulks were screened with Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and polymorphic amplification products tested for linkage to genes influencing the expression of ME in a DH population. Several markers were identified which are linked to a QTL controlling ME and the recombination fraction determined by maximum likelihood procedures. The results indicate that DHs in combination with RAPDs and bulked segregant analysis provide an efficient method for locating QTLs in barely. Furthermore, this approach is applicable to mapping other QTLs in a range of organisms from which DH or recombinant inbred lines can be extracted.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01184917
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Homology of AFLP products in three mapping populations of barley (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 255 (1997), S. 311-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Key words AFLP ; Barley ; Product homology ; Linkage maps
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Segregation of 850 polymorphic AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) fragments was followed in three different doubled haploid (DH) barley populations, Dicktoo × Morex (DM), Igri × Franka (IF) and Blenheim × E224/3 (BE), which had previously been used to construct linkage maps using other molecular markers. The final maps consisted of 310, 655 and 474 markers, of which 234, 194 and 376, respectively, were AFLPs. A comparison of profiles from the parental lines identified 51 similar-sized AFLPs segregating in both DM and IF populations, 20 in the DM and BE populations and 18 in the IF and BE populations. Eight segregated in all three. Analysis of the complete datasets for each of the populations using Joinmap V.2. indicated that in general terms each of the AFLPs which were polymorphic in more than one population mapped to the same genetic locus. The number of co-dominant markers segregating in a single population ranged from 6% for DM to 12.6% for IF. These results are discussed in the context of using AFLP in genetic linkage and diversity studies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050502
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