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  • Springer  (10)
  • 1965-1969  (10)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 24 (1968), S. 340-341 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Arginine has been converted into a suitable pyrimidine derivative to permit its qualitative analysis in the presence of other amino acids by means of mass spectrometric and gas-chromatographic techniques.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 61 (1968), S. 148-152 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary An A3 blood sample did not react to extracts containing anti-Ahel. These extracts were produced from the protein gland of Helix pomatia. Other samples of the special type A 3 w showed a stronger reaction, however. The different reactions are to be taken from the table.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung A3-Blutkörperchen reagieren mit Extrakten von Drüsen aus Helix pomatia entweder nicht oder nur sehr schwach, A2-Zellen reagieren oft stärker mit Anti-Ahel als A1-Zellen. Bei allen Versuchen zeigten sich geringe Unterschiede gegenüber dem Anti-Ahel aus Helix hortensis. Abschließend werden grundsätzliche Betrachtungen zur Immunchemie der A-Untergruppen angestellt.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 225 (1969), S. 336-352 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The half lives of the 5/2 5/2−[523] level at 25.7 keV in 66 161 Dy and the 5/2 5/2+[642] level in 68 163 Er, found in this work to lie at 69.2 keV, have been determined by the delayed coincidence method to be T1/2=27.8± 1.5 nsec, and T1/2=8.8± 0.5 nsec, respectively. The following hindrance factors relative to the single particle Weisskopf estimate (F W and the Nilsson estimate (FN were obtained: 66 161 Dy 5/2 5/2−[523] → 5/2 5/2+[642]:FW=(6.6± 1.3) × 103, FN=0.48± 0.10 68 163 Er 5/2 5/2+[642] → 5/2 5/2−[523]:FW=(2.4± 0.5)× 104, FN=1.8 ± 0.4 A systematic difference between transitions in odd proton nuclei and odd neutron nuclei was found: E1, ΔK=0 transitions in odd neutron nuclei have hindrance factors FN from 2.9 to 0.16, this means, these transitions are in agreement with the predictions of the Nilsson model within a factor of 10. For transitions in odd proton nuclei one has hindrance factors FN from 75 to 9.9 × 10−4. It is shown that a small difference between the deformation of the initial and the final state changes the transition probability of both, proton and neutron transitions, considerably.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 21 (1965), S. 374-375 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei thermischer oder solvolytischer Decarbonylierung eines neuen Alkaloids ausMelodinus scandens Forst. entsteht eine Verbindung II, die ihrerseits in die Derivate III–VI umgewandelt werden kann. Auf Grund eingehender NMR- und MS-Untersuchungen können für die Verbindungen II–VII die angegebenen Strukturen vorgeschlagen werden. Alkaloide mit dem Skelett der Verbindung II entstehen biosynthetisch wahrscheinlich aus Alkaloiden des Aspidospermin-Typs durch Oxidation an C-2 und nachfolgende Umlagerung.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 128 (1969), S. 141-162 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Salivary glands ; Succinic dehydrogenase ; Alkaline phosphatase ; Gl. lacrimalis (extraorbitalis) ; Salivary reabsorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei der Ratte wurden die Ausführungsgangsysteme der drei großen Speicheldrüsen und der Gl. lacrimalis extraorbitalis hinsichtlich des Gehaltes ihrer Epithelien an Succinodehydrogenase sowie in bezug auf die Art und Dichte ihrer Kapillarisierung untersucht. Die Drüsengefäße (Capillaren) stellten wir durch die Reaktion der Endothelzellen auf alkalische Phosphatase dar. Bei den Speichelgangsystemen fand sich jeweils der höchste Gehalt an Succinodehydrogenase in den Epithelien der intralobulären Ganganteile. Generell nahm mit zunehmender Ganggröße die Reaktionsstärke ab. Das Gangsystem der Gl. retrolingualis fiel durch einen besonders hohen Enzymgehalt auf. Bei der Gl. lacrimalis extraorbialis war — beschränkt auf die extraglandulären Ganganteile — nur eine schwach positive bis negative Reaktion zu erzielen. Bei den Speicheldrüsen zeigten sich an allen Anteilen der Gangsysteme Capillarnetze; bei der Tränendrüse waren solche nur an den außerhalb des Drüsenkörpers liegenden Gangabschnitten zu beobachten. So wie der Gehalt an Succinodehydrogenase nahm auch die Kapillarisationsdichte an den Ausführungsgangsystemen der untersuchten Speicheldrüsen im Verlauf der Gänge nach peripher ab. Die unterschiedliche Dichte der Capillarnetze an den Gangsystemen der drei großen Rattenspeicheldrüsen läßt auf unterschiedlich starke Austauschvorgänge schließen. Die auf Mikropunktionsuntersuchungen beruhende Annahme, daß der Ductus submandibularis noch zu einer Veränderung des ihn passierenden Sekretes beiträgt, wird morphologisch durch den Nachweis enggestellter Capillarnetze und histochemisch durch eine stark positive Reaktion der Gangepithelien auf Succinodehydrogenase gestützt. Für den Ductus retrolingualis gelten ähnliche Überlegungen, obwohl noch keine Mikropunktionsuntersuchungen vorliegen. Beim Ductus parotideus dagegen bestätigen der weitmaschige Capillarplexus und der geringe Gehalt der Gangepithelien an Succinodehydrogenase die Auffassung früherer Untersucher, daß der Parotisgang (und seine extraglandulären Zuflüsse) keinen wesentlichen Einfluß mehr auf die Zusammensetzung des Endspeichels ausübt.
    Notes: Summary The duct systems of the great salivary glands and the gl. lacrimalis extraorbitalis of the rat have been examined with respect to their activity of succinic dehydrogenase, as well as with respect to the appearance and density of their capillarisation. The blood vessels (capillaries) have been demonstrated by means of the reaction of their endothelium to alkaline phosphatase. The highest activity of succinic dehydrogenase has been found in the epithelial cells of the intralobular ducts (of the salivary glands). Generally decreasing activity was observed in the ducts with enlargening diameter. In the ducts of the gl. retrolingualis, the enzyme reaction is particularly strong. The duct system of the gl. lacrimalis extraorbitalis has a weak positive to negative reaction in its outer-glandular part. On all parts of the salivary duct systems there is a capillary network. In the lacrimal gland, however only the outerglandular part of the duct system is characterized by the capillary network. The capillary network of the salivary duct systems are seen to become wider as the diameter of the ducts becomes greater. The different density of the networks surrounding the salivary duct systems probably indicate exchange processes of varying intensity. The theory that the ductus submandibularis may alter the composition of the passing saliva is supported by the finding of a dense capillary network and high activity of succinic dehydrogenase in the ducts. The same features are found in the ductus retrolingualis, although here the theory of alteration of saliva by the ducts is not yet proved by micropuncture experiments. The assumption of preceding investiations that the function of the ductus parotideus does almost completely consist in transporting the saliva, is supported by a wide-spread capillary network and by a minute activity of succinic dehydrogenase of the duct cells.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 47 (1969), S. 1256-1263 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Determinations of the plasma renin activity (PRA) and the aldosterone excretion rate (AER) were carried out in two patients with idiopathic edema. The PRA basic values were found to be within normal range in both patients, while a large increase in the PRA resulted following stimulation through salt deprivation and orthostasis, as can be observed especially in renovascular and malignant hypertension. The AER were also normal and increased clearly only after administration of saluretics. The results are evaluated in view of the pathophysiological disturbances, which lay at the root of this particular form of edema. Furthermore, the other factors besides the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system are discussed, which can be regarded as responsible for the etiology or pathogenesis of the idiopathic edema.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 2 Patientinnen mit idiopathischen Ödemen wurden Bestimmungen der Plasmareninaktivität (PRA) und der Aldosteronexkretionsrate (AER) durchgeführt. Die PRA-Basiswerte lagen bei beiden Patientinnen im Normbereich, während nach Stimulation durch Salzentzug und Orthostase ein starker Anstieg der PRA erfolgte, wie man ihn vor allem bei der renovasculären und bei der malignen Hypertonie beobachten kann. Die AER waren ebenfalls normal und wurden nur nach Gaben von Saluretica deutlich erhöht. Die Befunde werden im Hinblick auf die pathophysiologischen Störungen erörtert, die dieser besonderen Ödemerkrankung zugrundeliegen. Weiterhin werden die Faktoren diskutiert, die neben dem Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron-System für die Ätiologie oder die Pathogenese der idiopathischen Ödeme als verantwortlich betrachtet werden.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 43 (1965), S. 268-273 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. Based upon the existing literature, the human gastrointestinal fate of oligosaccharides in general, and of the galactosaccharides from the homologous series raffinose, stachyose and verbascose especially, is discussed, refering to the presence of these galactosaccharides in certain foods above all in leguminous seeds. 2. The saccharides excreted with the urine after peroral, intraduodenal or rectal application of raffinose, stachyose and verbascose are determined by means of paper chromatography. 3. The activity of α-galactosidase and β-fructosidase is determined in the human feces by using raffinose as substrat. 4. Raffinose, stachyose as well as verbascose are able to pass the intestinal wall as an intact oligosaccharide, but only in an amount of less than 1% of the used dose. They can be demonstrated in the urine. This passage decreases with increasing molecular weight of the saccharides. 5. A hydrolyse of raffinose by the acid gastric juice or urine could not be observed. 6. It is shown that in addition to a lower α-galactosidase-activity a considerable β-fructosidase-activity is effective in the human feces, decomposing raffinose to fructose and melibiose. Melibiose was found to be resorbable by caecum and colon, thus explaining its presence in the urine. 7. Because of absence of the necessary enzymes the galactosaccharides of the raffinose-family getting into the blood stream cannot be utilised by the organism. On account of their low resorption rate they might not be of any importance for the organism. 8. The possibility of using raffinose for examining the permeability of the jejunum is discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Unter Auswertung des Schrifttums wird das Verhalten der Oligosaccharide allgemein, der Galaktosaccharide aus der homologen Reihe Raffinose, Stachyose und Verbascose im besonderen, im Magen-Darm-Trakt des Menschen erörtert; wegleitend hierbei ist die Tatsache, daß diese Galaktosaccharide in gewissen Lebensmitteln, von allem in den Leguminosensamen, vorkommen. 2. Nach peroraler, intraduodenaler bzw. rectaler Verabfolgung von Raffinose, Stachyose und Verbascose werden die im Harn auftretenden Saccharide papierchromatographisch ermittelt. 3. Es werden die Aktivitäten der α-Galaktosidase-und der β-Fructosidase im Humanfaeces unter Einsatz von Raffinose als Substrat bestimmt. 4. Raffinose, Stachyose wie auch Verbascose können zu allerdings geringen Anteilen, die unter 1% der eingesetzten Dosis liegen, die Darmwand als intaktes Oligosaccharid passieren; sie sind im Harn nachweisbar. Diese Passage nimmt mit steigendem Molekulargewicht der Saccharide ab. 5. Eine Hydrolyse der Raffinose durch den sauren Magensaft bzw. im Harn findet praktisch nicht statt. 6. Es wird gezeigt, daß im menschlichen Faeces — neben einer geringeren α-Galaktosidase-Aktivität — eine erhebliche β-Fructosidaseaktivität wirksam wird, welche die Raffinose in Fructose und Melibiose spaltet; letztere kann erwiesenermaßen im Dickdarm resorbiert werden, was ihr Auftreten im Harn erklärt. 7. Die in die Blutbahn gelangenden Galaktosaccharide der Raffinose-Familie sind infolge Fehlens der erforderlichen Enzyme im Organismus nicht verwertbar; infolge der geringen Resorptionsrate dürften sie keine Belastung für den Körper darstellen. 8. Es wird die Möglichkeit eines Einsatzes von Raffinose zur Prüfung der Permeabilitätsverhältnisse des oberen Dünndarms erörtert.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematische Annalen 167 (1966), S. 338-350 
    ISSN: 1432-1807
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychiatric quarterly 42 (1968), S. 298-312 
    ISSN: 1573-6709
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a review of problems and issues pertaining to neologisms in psychopathological language behavior, it was suggested that phonological blendings, nonsense words, portmanteau expressions, examples of the use of one part of speech for another (e.g., a noun for a verb), and foreignizations be distinguished from genuine new-word coinage. Critical examination of the systems of classification of neologisms proposed by earlier writers led to the formulation of a classification schema that includes the following types of neologistic contructions: (1) new-word creation; (2) verbal paraphasia; and (3) severe agrammatism. The paper concludes with a strong plea for the collaborative participation of the linguist, psycholinguist, and psychopathologist in the systematic investigation of neologisms and the processes which produce them. Among the problems singled out for immediate attention are the comparative incidence of neologisms in process and reactive schizophrenics and the functional properties of the neologism as a verbal free operant.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Synthese 〈Dordrecht〉 20 (1969), S. 56-71 
    ISSN: 1573-0964
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Philosophy
    Notes: Summary In this paper I want to discuss some basic problems of inductive logic, i.e. of the attempt to solve the problem of induction by means of a calculus of logical probability. I shall try to throw some light upon these problems by contrasting inductive logic, based on logical probability, and working with undefined samples of observations, with mathematical statistics, based on statistical probability, and working with representative random samples.
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