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  • 1
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Ocean temperature, salinity and chlorofluorocarbon concentration data are used to track the recent spreading of cold intermediate-depth water masses from the Labrador Sea across the northern North Atlantic Ocean. These water masses, which are formed from surface waters by deep convection in ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    GeoJournal 11 (1985), S. 284-286 
    ISSN: 1572-9893
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Ocean dynamics 31 (1978), S. 50-64 
    ISSN: 1616-7228
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die beobachtete Verteilung und Ausbreitung von salzarmen Wasser arktischen und subarktischen Ursprungs wird für das Gebiet des zentralen Island-Färöer-Rückens und der Färöer beschrieben. Nach Absinken entlang der Polarfront nordwestlich der Färöer breitet sich das salzarme Wasser als Zwischenwasser entlang dem Abfall des nördlichen Färöer-Sockels nach Südosten aus und füllt die mittleren Tiefen des Färöer-Shetland-Kanals. Da nur ein Bruchteil dieses Wassers aus dem Färöer-Bank-Kanal in den Nordostatlantik gelangt, stützen die Daten die Annahme einer Rezirkulation im Färöer-Shetland-Kanal. Die Verteilung des salzarmen Zwischenwassers zeigt weiterhin, daß der zentrale Island-Färöer-Rücken nicht direkt überströmt wird, sondern daß Mischungsprozesse in der Kammregion und Advektion des Wassers aus dem Färöer-Bank-Kanal die hydrographische Struktur der südwestlichen Flanke bestimmen.
    Abstract: Résumé La distribution et la propagation de l'eau peu salée d'origine arctique et subarctique est décrite au moyen des données provenantes de la région centrale du seuil de Islande-Féroé et des îles Féroé. Après de plonger le long du front polaire au nordouest de Féroé, l'eau peu salée se propage comme l'eau intermédiaire vers le sud-est au délà de la pente nord du socle de Féroé et remplit les profondeurs moyens du canal de Féroé-Shetland. Comme seulement une partie de ces eaux du canal du Banc de Féroé arrive à l'Atlantique, les données appuient l'hypothèse d'une recirculation dans le canal de Féroé-Shetland. Les données montrent en plus, que le seuil de Islande-Féroé n'est pas traversé directement. La structure hydrographique du flanc sud-ouest du seuil de Islande-Féroé est déterminée par des processus de mélange dans la région de la crête et par la convection horizontale de l'eau du canal de Banc de Féroé.
    Notes: Summary The observed distribution and the spreading of low salinity waters of arctic and subarctic origin is discussed for the central Iceland-Faroe ridge and for the area around the Faroe Islands. After sinking along the polar front northwest of the Faroes the low salinity water spreads over the northern Faroe slope and into the Faroe-Shetland channel at intermediate levels. The amount of intermediate water leaving the Faroe-Bank channel into the northeastern Atlantic is small compared to its availability in the Faroe-Shetland channel, hence supporting the hypothesis of a re-circulation for the area east of the Faroes. The observations of intermediate water furthermore show no direct flow across the central Iceland-Faroe ridge but they reveal that mixing processes over the sill and advection of waters from the Faroe-Bank channel outflow determine the hydrographic structure of the southwestern flank of the Iceland-Faroe ridge.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Ocean dynamics 34 (1981), S. 41-55 
    ISSN: 1616-7228
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Anhand der hydrographischen Daten und der Strömungsmessungen, die während der Expedition Overflow '73 durchgeführt wurden, werden die bisherigen Vorstellungen zur Zirkulation und zum Massentransport im Färöer-Shetland- und im Färöer-Bank-Kanal überarbeitet. Der Einstrom von atlantischem Wasser in die Norwegische See und der Ausstrom von Tiefenwasser in den Atlantik entsprechen mit 2,0 bzw. 1,1×106 m3 s−1 den klassischen Vorstellungen. Eine Komplizierung ergibt sich durch die Beobachtung, daß von dem modifizierten atlantischen Wasser und von dem arktischen Zwischenwasser, die mit 2,5 bzw. 1,1×106 m3 s−1 von Norden her in den Färöer-Shetland-Kanal eindringen, nur 1,2 bzw. 0,3×106 m3 s−1 durch den Färöer-Bank-Kanal in den Atlantik gelangen. Die verbleibenden Wassermassen rezirkulieren in die Norwegische See, wobei eine barokline Instabilität des über dem Shetland-Kontinentalabfall einströmenden atlantischen Wassers als Ursache vermutet wird.
    Abstract: Résumé Sur la base des données hydrographiques et des mesures de courant obtenues pendant la campagne Overflow '73 la conception de la circulation et des transports dans les canaux de Féroé-Shetland et Banc de Féroé a été révisée. On a trouvé que l'écoulement de l'eau de l'Atlantique Nord dans la Mer de Norvège s'élevait à 2,0×106 m3 s−1; l'écoulement de l'eau profonde de la Mer de Norvège dans l'Atlantique Nord était 1,1×106 m3 s−1. La complexité du système de circulation est due à la pénétration du nord de l'eau de l'Atlantique Nord modifiée (2,5×106 m3 s−1) et de l'eau arctique intermédiaire (1,1×106 m3 s−1) dans le canal de Féroé-Shetland et de Banc de Féroé. On a observé que seulement 1,2 et 0,3×106 m3 s−1 respectivement de cette masse d'eau ont passé par le canal de Banc de Féroé dans l'Atlantique, pendant que le reste a recirculé dans la Mer de Norvège. On suppose que cette recirculation a été causée par l'instabilité barocline de l'eau de l'Atlantique Nord coulant par-dessus le talus de Shetland.
    Notes: Summary Hydrographic data and current measurements obtained during the Overflow '73-expedition were combined into a revised scheme of the circulation and the transports in the Faroese Channels. The inflow of North Atlantic water into the Norwegian Sea was found to be 2.0×106 m3 s−1, whereas the outflow of Norwegian Sea deep water amounted to 1.1×106 m3 s−1. The complexity of the circulation scheme was caused by a Modified North Atlantic water and by Arctic Intermediate water, which entered the Channels from the north with a volume transport of 2.5 and 1.1×106 m3 s−1 respectively. Only part of this (1.2 and 0.3×106 m3 s−1) was observed to pass the Faroe-Bank Channel into the Atlantic, whereas the remainder recirculated into the Norwegian Sea. Baroclinic instability of the inflowing North Atlantic water above the Shetland slope area is suspected to cause the recirculation.
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  • 5
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    Unknown
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 397 . pp. 243-246.
    Publication Date: 2017-02-28
    Description: The overflow and descent of cold dense water from the Denmark Strait sill-a submarine passage between Greenland and Iceland-is a principal means by which the deep ocean is ventilated, and is an important element in the global thermohaline circulation. Previous investigations of its variability-in particular, direct current measurements(1,2) in the overflow core since 1986-have shown surprisingly little evidence of long-term changes in now speed. Here we report significant changes in the overflow characteristics during the winter of 1996-97, measured using two current-meter moorings and an inverted echo sounder located at different depths in the fastest part of the now. The overflow warmed to the highest monthly value yet recorded (2.4 degrees C), and showed a pronounced slowing and thinning at its lower margin. We believe that the extreme warmth of the overflow caused it to run higher on the continental slope off east Greenland, so that the lower current meters and the echo sounder were temporarily outside and deeper than the fast-flowing core; model simulations appear to confirm this interpretation, We suggest that the extreme warmth of the overflow is a lagged response to a warming upstream in the Fram Strait three years earlier (caused by an exceptional amplification of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation). If this is so, over-now characteristics may be predictable.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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