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Non-neuronal cells in the spinal cord of nude and heterozygous mice. I. Ventral horn neuroglia (1981)

Kerns, James M. ; Frank, Martin J.

Springer

Journal of neurocytology 10 (1981), S. 805-818

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ISSN: 1573-7381

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Summary A quantitative light microscopic analysis of the ventral grey matter in the lumbar spinal cord of homozygous nude (nu/nu) and heterozygous (nu/+) mice was performed to determine the possible contribution of lymphocytes to normal C.N.S. tissue. If lymphocytes were present in the neuropil, they could be mistaken for neuroglial cells. Athymic nude mice offer a good model, since they lack T-lymphocytes and symptoms of neurological involvement. Mean cell counts from 1 μm sections were tested by analysis of variance. There were no strain differences for the area and number of neurons. The total neuroglial cell count was also similar, but the number of oligodendrocytes decreased 28%, astrocytes increased 51% and microglia were unchanged in the nude compared with the heterozygous mouse. There were no qualitative differences at the ultrastructural level among the neuroglia of either strain. Either the genetic defect retards and alters neuroglial cell development, or some of the small, round dark nuclei belong to lymphocytes, which have earlier migrated into the C.N.S. parenchyma. Lymphocytes could then participate in a cell-mediated immune response with brain macrophages, which are thought to be primarily derived from mononuclear leukocytes.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01262654

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EPR and ENDOR study of chiral nitroxides (1989)

Stegmann, Hartmut B. ; Schaber, Frank-Martin ; Schuler, Paul ; [et al.]

Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell

Organic Magnetic Resonance 27 (1989), S. 887-891

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ISSN: 0749-1581

Keywords: EPR ; ENDOR ; Chiral nitroxides ; Restricted rotation ; Chiral recognition ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Racemic and achiral alkyl aryl nitroxides were examined at various temperatures. The restricted rotation of the aminoxyl substituents was indicated both by the β-proton coupling constants and by the inequivalence of the aromatic ortho protons. These results are interpreted by the presence of two different rotamers which may lead to two splitting constants for the β-proton. The capability for inter- and intra-molecular hydrogen bond formation in the nitroxides investigated was demonstrated. However, complexes consisting of chiral radicals and chiral auxiliaries do not show hyperfine structures which unambiguously indicate diastereomeric species. Therefore, hydrogen bonding between chiral molecules is not sufficient for chiral recognition if an alteration of the hyperconjugation angle does not occur. Simple steric interactions can result in the doubling of the β-proton coupling constant, independently of diastereomeric complex formation.

Additional Material: 2 Ill.