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  • 1995-1999  (3)
Document type
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipids and trophic interactions of ice fauna and pelagic zooplankton in the marginal ice zone of the Barents Sea (1999)
    Springer
    Polar biology 21 (1999), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gammarus wilkitzkii, Apherusa glacialis, Onismus nanseni, Onismus glacialis, Boreogadus saida, Parathemisto libellula and Calanus hyperboreus, collected in late June in the Barents Sea marginal ice zone, contained substantial levels (28–51% of the dry mass) of total lipid, the highest levels (51% and 41% respectively) being in  A. glacialis and  C. hyperboreus. Neutral lipids were present in greater amounts than polar lipids in all species. Triacylglycerols were major neutral lipids in A. glacialis, G. wilkitzkii and O. nanseni; triacylglycerols and wax esters were present in similar amounts in O. glacialis; higher levels of wax esters than triacylglycerols occurred in P. libellula; wax esters greatly exceeded triacylglycerols in C. hyperboreus, the opposite being true for B. saida. Diatom fatty acid markers were prominent in the triacylglycerols of G. wilkitzkii, O. nanseni, O. glacialis and, particularly, of  A. glacialis; 20:1(n-9) and 22:1(n-11) moieties were abundant in wax esters of G. wilkitzkii, O. nanseni, O. glacialis, P. libellula and  C. hyperboreus, and in triacylglycerols of B. saida. We deduce that  A. glacialis feeds mainly on ice algae and phytodetritus, G. wilkitzkii and the Onismus spp. feed on calanoid copepods as well as ice algae, whereas P. libellula and especially B. saida feed extensively on calanoid copepods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050335
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastric evacuation rates and daily rations of Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) at low temperatures (1998)
    Springer
    Polar biology 19 (1998), S. 293-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Gastric evacuation rates were determined for different sizes of Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) at sub-zero temperatures (−1.4 and −0.5°C). These temperatures represent ambient conditions for Arctic cod in the Canadian high Arctic. Evacuation half-times, the time required for half of the content of the stomach to be evacuated, were longer (36–70 h; mean=51 h) than those reported in studies carried out on other fish species. Gastric evacuation rates at low temperatures were equal to, or below, those predicted by extrapolation from experiments conducted at higher temperatures. There were no significant differences in evacuation rates among fish size-groups or diets, but evacuation rates were slower for fish that had been starved prior to experiments. Estimated daily rations for Arctic cod in Resolute Bay, N.W.T., were 0.51% body weight for small fish (4.5 g) and 1.13% body weight for large fish (51 g). Slow stomach evacuation rates at low temperatures may limit daily food intake when food is seasonally abundant. This may contribute to slow growth rates and limited maximum size of Arctic cod in Canadian high Arctic waters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050249
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Respiration of juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida): effects of acclimation, temperature, and food intake (1995)
    Springer
    Polar biology 15 (1995), S. 359-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Oxygen consumption (VO2) of juvenile Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) was investigated at low tempera tures (six temperatures; range -0.5 to 2.7°C). Small (mean wt. 6–8 g) and large (mean wt. 14 g) fish were acclimated, or adjusted to a constant temperature (0.4°C), for 5 months and then tested for metabolic cold adaptation (elevated metabolic rates in polar fishes). Short-term (2 weeks) acclimated fish showed elevated VO2 similar to previously established values for polar fishes, but there was no such evidence after longterm acclimation. Long-term acclimation caused VO2 values to drop significantly (from 86.0 to 46.5 mg O2·kg−1·h−1, at 0.4°C), which showed that metabolic cold adaptation was a phenomenon caused by insufficien: acclimation time for fish in respiration experiments. We also measured the effects of temperature and feeding on VO2. A temperature increase of 2.3°C resulted in relatively large increases in VO2 for both longand short-term acclimated fish (Q10 = 6.7 and 7.1, respectively), which suggests that metabolic processes are strongly influenced by temperature when it is close to zero. Feeding individuals to satiation caused significant increases in VO2 above pre-fed values (34–60% within 1–2 days after feeding). Respiration budgets of starved and fed Arctic cod at ambient temperatures in Resolute Bay N.W.T., Canada, were used to model annual respiration costs and potential weight loss. Low respiration costs for Arctic cod at ambient temperatures result in high growth efficiency during periods of feeding and low weight loss during periods of starvation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238487
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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