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  • 2000-2004  (7)
Document type
Keywords
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Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interacting effects of CO2 partial pressure and temperature on photosynthesis and calcification in a scleractinian coral (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 9 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: We show here that CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) and temperature significantly interact on coral physiology. The effects of increased pCO2 and temperature on photosynthesis, respiration and calcification rates were investigated in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata. Cuttings were exposed to temperatures of 25°C or 28°C and to pCO2 values of ca. 460 or 760 μatm for 5 weeks. The contents of chlorophyll c2 and protein remained constant throughout the experiment, while the chlorophyll a content was significantly affected by temperature, and was higher under the ‘high-temperature–high-pCO2’ condition. The cell-specific density was higher at ‘high pCO2’ than at ‘normal pCO2’ (1.7 vs. 1.4). The net photosynthesis normalized per unit protein was affected by both temperature and pCO2, whereas respiration was not affected by the treatments. Calcification decreased by 50% when temperature and pCO2 were both elevated. Calcification under normal temperature did not change in response to an increased pCO2. This is not in agreement with numerous published papers that describe a negative relationship between marine calcification and CO2. The confounding effect of temperature has the potential to explain a large portion of the variability of the relationship between calcification and pCO2 reported in the literature, and warrants a re-evaluation of the projected decrease of marine calcification by the year 2100.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00678.x
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ocean biogeochemistry Calcification and CO 2 (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 407 (2000), S. 311-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Most concerns about rising concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide centre on how climate may change. But there may also be direct biological effects. In terrestrial ecosystems, extra atmospheric CO2 may have a fertilizing effect, resulting in increased photosynthesis. Except for ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35030280
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and calcification rate during experiments with coral Stylophora pistillata, 2003 (2003)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: We show here that CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) and temperature significantly interact on coral physiology. The effects of increased pCO2 and temperature on photosynthesis, respiration and calcification rates were investigated in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata. Cuttings were exposed to temperatures of 25°C or 28°C and to pCO2 values of ca. 460 or 760 muatm for 5 weeks. The contents of chlorophyll c2 and protein remained constant throughout the experiment, while the chlorophyll a content was significantly affected by temperature, and was higher under the 'high-temperature-high-pCO2' condition. The cell-specific density was higher at 'high pCO2' than at 'normal pCO2' (1.7 vs. 1.4). The net photosynthesis normalized per unit protein was affected by both temperature and pCO2, whereas respiration was not affected by the treatments. Calcification decreased by 50% when temperature and pCO2 were both elevated. Calcification under normal temperature did not change in response to an increased pCO2. This is not in agreement with numerous published papers that describe a negative relationship between marine calcification and CO2. The confounding effect of temperature has the potential to explain a large portion of the variability of the relationship between calcification and pCO2 reported in the literature, and warrants a re-evaluation of the projected decrease of marine calcification by the year 2100.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cnidaria; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); DATE/TIME; EPOCA; Estimated; Estimated by regressing O2 against time; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Identification; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Measured; PAR sensor LI-1000, LI-COR Inc.; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Salinity; Single species; Stylophora pistillata; Temperature; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1600 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and processes during experiments with Emiliania huxleyi (TW1), 2003 (2003)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Sciandra, Antoine; Harlay, Jérôme; Lefèvre, Dominique; Lemee, R; Rimmelin, Peguy; Denis, Michel; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2003): Response of coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi to elevated partial pressure of CO2 under nitrogen limitation. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 261, 111-122, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps261111
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Precipitation of calcium carbonate by phytoplankton in the photic oceanic layer is an important process regulating the carbon cycling and the exchange of CO2 at the ocean-atmosphere interface. Previous experiments have demonstrated that, under nutrient-sufficient conditions, doubling the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) in seawater-a likely scenario for the end of the century-can significantly decrease both the rate of calcification by coccolithophorids and the ratio of inorganic to organic carbon production. The present work investigates the effects of high pCO2 on calcification by the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (Strain TW1) grown under nitrogen-limiting conditions, a situation that can also prevail in the ocean. Nitrogen limitation was achieved in NO3-limited continuous cultures renewed at the rate of 0.5 d-1 and exposed to a saturating light level. pCO2 was increased from 400 to 700 ppm and controlled by bubbling CO2-rich or CO2-free air into the cultures. The pCO2 shift has a rapid effect on cell physiology that occurs within 2 cell divisions subsequent to the perturbation. Net calcification rate (C) decreased by 25% and, in contrast to previous studies with N-replete cultures, gross community production (GCP) and dark community respiration (DCR) also decreased. These results suggest that increasing pCO2 has no noticeable effect on the calcification/photosynthesis ratio (C/P) when cells of E. huxleyi are NO3-limited.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950); Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate per algae cell; Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated, see reference(s); Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; DATE/TIME; Element analyser CHN, LECO; Emiliania huxleyi; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; EXP; Experiment; Experimental treatment; Experiment day; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Macro-nutrients; Measured; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate inorganic carbon production per cell; Particulate organic carbon production per cell; Pelagos; pH; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Respiration; Salinity; Sciandra_etal_03; Single species; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 941 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and calcification during experiments with coral communities, 2000 (2000)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Leclercq, Nicolas; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Jaubert, Jean (2000): CO2 partial pressure controls the calcification rate of a coral community. Global Change Biology, 6(3), 329-334, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00315.x
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Previous studies have demonstrated that coral and algal calcification is tightly regulated by the calcium carbonate saturation state of seawater. This parameter is likely to decrease in response to the increase of dissolved CO2 resulting from the global increase of the partial pressure of atmospheric CO2. We have investigated the response of a coral reef community dominated by scleractinian corals, but also including other calcifying organisms such as calcareous algae, crustaceans, gastropods and echinoderms, and kept in an open-top mesocosm. Seawater pCO2 was modified by manipulating the pCO2 of air used to bubble the mesocosm. The aragonite saturation state (omega arag) of the seawater in the mesocosm varied between 1.3 and 5.4. Community calcification decreased as a function of increasing pCO2 and decreasing omega arag. This result is in agreement with previous data collected on scleractinian corals, coralline algae and in a reef mesocosm, even though some of these studies did not manipulate CO2 directly. Our data suggest that the rate of calcification during the last glacial maximum might have been 114% of the preindustrial rate. Moreover, using the average emission scenario (IS92a) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we predict that the calcification rate of scleractinian-dominated communities may decrease by 21% between the pre-industrial period (year 1880) and the time at which pCO2 will double (year 2065).
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Entire community; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; extracted from figure using GraphClick; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Rocky-shore community; Salinity; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1360 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and calcification during experiments with coral communities, 2002 (2002)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Leclercq, Nicolas; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Jaubert, Jean (2002): Primary production, respiration, and calcification of a coral reef mesocosm under increased CO2 partial pressure. Limnology and Oceanography, 47(2), 558-564, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2002.47.2.0558
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The effect of increased CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) on the community metabolism (primary production, respiration, and calcification) of a coral community was investigated over periods ranging from 9 to 30 d. The community was set up in an open-top mesocosm within which pCO2 was manipulated (411, 647, and 918 µatm). The effect of increased pCO2 on the rate of calcification of the sand area of the mesocosm was also investigated. The net community primary production (NCP) did not change significantly with respect to pCO2 and was 5.1 ± 0.9 mmol O2 m-2 h-1, Dark respiration (R) increased slightly during the experiment at high pCO2, but this did not affect significantly the NCP:R ratio (1.0 ± 0.2). The rate of calcification exhibited the trend previously reported; it decreased as a function of increasing pCO2 and decreasing aragonite saturation state. This re-emphasizes the predictions that reef calcification is likely to decrease during the next century. The dissolution process of calcareous sand does not seem to be affected by open seawater carbonate chemistry; rather, it seems to be controlled by the biogeochemistry of sediment pore water.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity anomaly technique (Smith and Key, 1975); Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Entire community; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Measured; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH meter (Orion); Respiration; Rocky-shore community; Salinity; Site; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 288 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry, photosynthesis, respiration and calcification during experiments with scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata, 2003 (2003)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: We show here that CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) and temperature significantly interact on coral physiology. The effects of increased pCO2 and temperature on photosynthesis, respiration and calcification rates were investigated in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata. Cuttings were exposed to temperatures of 25°C or 28°C and to pCO2 values of ca. 460 or 760 muatm for 5 weeks. The contents of chlorophyll c2 and protein remained constant throughout the experiment, while the chlorophyll a content was significantly affected by temperature, and was higher under the 'high-temperature-high-pCO2' condition. The cell-specific density was higher at 'high pCO2' than at 'normal pCO2' (1.7 vs. 1.4). The net photosynthesis normalized per unit protein was affected by both temperature and pCO2, whereas respiration was not affected by the treatments. Calcification decreased by 50% when temperature and pCO2 were both elevated. Calcification under normal temperature did not change in response to an increased pCO2. This is not in agreement with numerous published papers that describe a negative relationship between marine calcification and CO2. The confounding effect of temperature has the potential to explain a large portion of the variability of the relationship between calcification and pCO2 reported in the literature, and warrants a re-evaluation of the projected decrease of marine calcification by the year 2100.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate; Calcite saturation state; Calculated from skeletal dry weight; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cnidaria; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Counting; Density, cell-specific; EPOCA; Estimated; Estimated by regressing O2 against time; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; EXP; Experiment; Experimental treatment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Measured; Net photosynthesis rate; PAR sensor LI-1000, LI-COR Inc.; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Reynaud_etal_03; Salinity; Single species; Stylophora pistillata; Temperature; Temperature, water
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 76 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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