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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Energietechnik , Geographie
    Notizen: We show here that CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) and temperature significantly interact on coral physiology. The effects of increased pCO2 and temperature on photosynthesis, respiration and calcification rates were investigated in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata. Cuttings were exposed to temperatures of 25°C or 28°C and to pCO2 values of ca. 460 or 760 μatm for 5 weeks. The contents of chlorophyll c2 and protein remained constant throughout the experiment, while the chlorophyll a content was significantly affected by temperature, and was higher under the ‘high-temperature–high-pCO2’ condition. The cell-specific density was higher at ‘high pCO2’ than at ‘normal pCO2’ (1.7 vs. 1.4). The net photosynthesis normalized per unit protein was affected by both temperature and pCO2, whereas respiration was not affected by the treatments. Calcification decreased by 50% when temperature and pCO2 were both elevated. Calcification under normal temperature did not change in response to an increased pCO2. This is not in agreement with numerous published papers that describe a negative relationship between marine calcification and CO2. The confounding effect of temperature has the potential to explain a large portion of the variability of the relationship between calcification and pCO2 reported in the literature, and warrants a re-evaluation of the projected decrease of marine calcification by the year 2100.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Trotter, Julie; Montagna, Paolo; McCulloch, Malcolm T; Silenzi, Sergio; Reynaud, Stéphanie; Mortimer, Graham; Martin, Sophie; Ferrier-Pagès, Christine; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Rodolfo-Metalpa, Riccardo (2011): Quantifying the pH 'vital effect' in the temperate zooxanthellate coral Cladocora caespitosa: Validation of the boron seawater pH proxy. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 303, 163-173, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.01.030
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-03-14
    Beschreibung: Boron isotopic and elemental systematics are used to define the vital effects for the temperate shallow water Mediterranean coral Cladocora caespitosa. The corals are from a range of seawater pH conditions (pHT ~ 7.6 to ~ 8.1) and environmental settings: (1) naturally living colonies harvested from normal pH waters offshore Levanto, (2) colonies transplanted nearby a subsea volcanic vent system, and (3) corals cultured in aquaria exposed to high (700 µatm) and near present day (400 µatm) pCO2 levels. B/Ca compositions measured using laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) show that boron uptake by C. caespitosa cultured at different pCO2 levels is independent of ambient seawater pH being mainly controlled by temperature-dependent calcification. In contrast, the boron isotope compositions (delta11Bcarb) of the full suite of corals determined by positive thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (PTIMS) shows a clear trend of decreasing delta11Bcarb (from 26.7 to 22.2 %o) with decreasing seawater pH, reflecting the strong pH dependence of the boron isotope system. The delta11Bcarb compositions together with measurements of ambient seawater parameters enable calibration of the boron pH proxy for C. caespitosa, by using a new approach that defines the relationship between ambient seawater pH (pHsw) and the internally controlled pH at the site of calcification (pHbiol). C. caespitosa exhibits a linear relationship between pHsw and the shift in pH due to physiological processes (deltapH = pHbiol - pHsw) giving the regression deltapHClad = 4.80 - 0.52* pHsw for this species. We further apply this method ("deltapH-pHsw") to calibrate tropical species of Porites, Acropora, and Stylophora reported in the literature. The temperate and tropical species calibrations are all linearly correlated (r2 〉 0.9) and the biological fractionation component (deltapH) between species varies within ~ 0.2 pH units. Our "deltapH-pHsw" approach provides a robust and accurate tool to reconstruct palaeoseawater pHsw for both temperate and tropical corals, further validating the boron fractionation factor (alphaB3-B4 = 1.0272) determined experimentally by Klochko et al. (2006) and the boron isotope pH proxy, both of which have been the foci of considerable debate.
    Schlagwort(e): Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Boron/Calcium ratio; Boron hydroxide/Bicarbonate ratio; Calculated, see reference(s); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure, standard deviation; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; DATE/TIME; DISTANCE; EPOCA; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; Measured; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; pH meter (Metrohm, 826 pH mobile); Salinity; see reference(s); Site; Species; Temperature, standard deviation; Temperature, water; Titration potentiometric; δ11B
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 29568 data points
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Reynaud, Stéphanie; Leclercq, Nicolas; Romaine-Lioud, Samantha; Ferrier-Pagès, Christine; Jaubert, Jean; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre (2003): Interacting effects of CO2 partial pressure and temperature on photosynthesis and calcification in a scleractinian coral. Global Change Biology, 9(11), 1660-1668, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00678.x
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-05-12
    Beschreibung: We show here that CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) and temperature significantly interact on coral physiology. The effects of increased pCO2 and temperature on photosynthesis, respiration and calcification rates were investigated in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata. Cuttings were exposed to temperatures of 25°C or 28°C and to pCO2 values of ca. 460 or 760 muatm for 5 weeks. The contents of chlorophyll c2 and protein remained constant throughout the experiment, while the chlorophyll a content was significantly affected by temperature, and was higher under the 'high-temperature-high-pCO2' condition. The cell-specific density was higher at 'high pCO2' than at 'normal pCO2' (1.7 vs. 1.4). The net photosynthesis normalized per unit protein was affected by both temperature and pCO2, whereas respiration was not affected by the treatments. Calcification decreased by 50% when temperature and pCO2 were both elevated. Calcification under normal temperature did not change in response to an increased pCO2. This is not in agreement with numerous published papers that describe a negative relationship between marine calcification and CO2. The confounding effect of temperature has the potential to explain a large portion of the variability of the relationship between calcification and pCO2 reported in the literature, and warrants a re-evaluation of the projected decrease of marine calcification by the year 2100.
    Schlagwort(e): Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Calcification/Dissolution; Cnidaria; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; EXP; Experiment; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Reynaud_etal_03; Single species; Stylophora pistillata; Temperature
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Pretet, Chloé; Samankassou, Elias; Felis, Thomas; Reynaud, Stéphanie; Böhm, Florian; Eisenhauer, Anton; Ferrier-Pagès, Christine; Gattuso, Jean-Pierre; Camoin, Gilbert (2013): Constraining calcium isotope fractionation (d44/40Ca) in modern and fossil scleractinian coral skeleton. Chemical Geology, 340, 49-58, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.12.006
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-07-13
    Beschreibung: The present study investigates the influence of environmental (temperature, salinity) and biological (growth rate, inter-generic variations) parameters on calcium isotope fractionation (d44/40Ca) in scleractinian coral skeleton to better constrain this record. Previous studies focused on the d44/40Ca record in different marine organisms to reconstruct seawater composition or temperature, but only few studies investigated corals. This study presents measurements performed on modern corals from natural environments (from the Maldives for modern and from Tahiti for fossil corals) as well as from laboratory cultures (Centre Scientifique de Monaco). Measurements on Porites sp., Acropora sp., Montipora verrucosa and Stylophora pistillata allow constraining inter-generic variability. Our results show that the fractionation of d44/40Ca ranges from 0.6 to 0.1 per mil, independent of the genus or the environmental conditions. No significant relationship between the rate of calcification and d44/40Ca was found. The weak temperature dependence reported in earlier studies is most probably not the only parameter that is responsible for the fractionation. Indeed, sub-seasonal temperature variations reconstructed by d18O and Sr/Ca ratio using a multi-proxy approach, are not mirrored in the coral's d44/40Ca variations. The intergeneric variability and intrageneric variability among the studied samples are weak except for S. pistillata, which shows calcium isotopic values increasing with salinity. The variability between samples cultured at a salinity of 40 is higher than those cultured at a salinity of 36 for this species. The present study reveals a strong biological control of the skeletal calcium isotope composition by the polyp and a weak influence of environmental factors, specifically temperature and salinity (except for S. pistillata). Vital effects have to be investigated in situ to better constrain their influence on the calcium isotopic signal. If vital effects could be extracted from the isotopic signal, the calcium isotopic composition of coral skeletons could provide reliable information on the calcium composition and budget in ocean.
    Schlagwort(e): Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-07-13
    Schlagwort(e): Salinity; Sample amount; Sample code/label; Species; δ44/40 Ca; δ44/40 Ca, standard deviation
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 144 data points
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-07-13
    Schlagwort(e): DEPTH, water; Distance; Genus; HAND; Location; Maghoodoo; Maldives; Sample amount; Sample code/label; Sampling by hand; δ44/40 Ca; δ44/40 Ca, standard deviation
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 77 data points
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-07-13
    Schlagwort(e): 310-M0018A; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DP Hunter; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Exp310; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; Number; Sample amount; Sample code/label; Sample ID; TAH-03A-1E; Tahiti, offshore Maraa; Tahiti Sea Level; δ44/40 Ca; δ44/40 Ca, standard deviation
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 150 data points
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-06
    Beschreibung: The Tara Pacific expedition (2016-2018) sampled coral ecosystems around 32 islands in the Pacific Ocean, and sampled the surface of oceanic waters at 249 locations, resulting in the collection of nearly 58,000 samples. The expedition was designed to systematically study corals, fish, plankton, and seawater, and included the collection of samples for advanced biogeochemical, molecular, and imaging analysis. Here we provide the continuous dataset originating from the thermosalinograph [TSG] instrument acquiring continuously during the full course of the campaign. Surface seawater was pumped continuously through a hull inlet located 1.5 m under the waterline using a membrane pump (10 LPM; Shurflo), circulated through a vortex debubbler, a flow meter, and distributed to a number of flow-through instruments. A thermosalinograph [TSG] (SeaBird Electronics SBE45/SBE38), measured temperature, conductivity, and thus salinity. Salinity measurements where intercalibrated against unfiltered seawater samples [SAL] taken every week from the surface ocean, and corrected for any observed bias. Moreover, temperature and salinity measurements were validated against Argo floats data collocated with Tara.
    Schlagwort(e): CTD, Sea-Bird, SBE45/SBE38; DATE/TIME; Fondation Tara Expeditions; FondTara; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Pacific Ocean; Salinity; SV Tara; TARA_2016-2018; Tara_Pacific; TARA_PACIFIC_2016-2018; Tara Pacific Expedition; Temperature; Temperature, water; UMS; Underway, multiple sensors
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1770033 data points
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-06
    Beschreibung: The Tara Pacific expedition (2016-2018) sampled coral ecosystems around 32 islands in the Pacific Ocean, and sampled the surface of oceanic waters at 249 locations, resulting in the collection of nearly 58,000 samples. The expedition was designed to systematically study corals, fish, plankton, and seawater, and included the collection of samples for advanced biogeochemical, molecular, and imaging analysis. Here we provide the continuous dataset originating from an optical particle counter ([EDM]; EDM180 GRIMM Aerosol Technik Ainring GmbH & Co. KG, Ainring, Germany) instrument acquiring continuously during the full course of the campaign. Aerosols pumped through one of the ([MAST-PUMP]) inlets were channeled through a conductive tubing of 1.9 cm inner diameter to four parallel 47mm filter holders installed in the rear hold using a vacuum pump (Diaphragm pumpME16 NT, VACUUBRAND BmbH & Co KG, Wertheim, Germany) at a minimum flow rate of 30 lpm (20lpm prior to may 2016). Air was conducted to an optical particle counter ([EDM]; EDM180 GRIMM Aerosol Technik Ainring GmbH & Co. KG, Ainring, Germany) measuring and counting particles in the size range 0.25 - 32 µm as a 30 minutes average, both the particle concentration (nb cm-3) together with its normalized size distribution (dN/dlogDp (nb cm-3 log(nm)-1) i.e., the concentration divided by the log of the width of the bin).
    Schlagwort(e): aerosol; DATE/TIME; Fondation Tara Expeditions; FondTara; LATITUDE; Log-normal particle size distribution; LONGITUDE; Optical particle counter ([EDM]; EDM180 GRIMM Aerosol Technik Ainring GmbH & Co. KG, Ainring, Germany) measuring and counting particles in 30 minutes average; Pacific Ocean; Particle concentration, standard deviation; Particle number, total; size distribution; SV Tara; TARA_2016-2018; Tara_Pacific; TARA_PACIFIC_2016-2018; Tara Pacific Expedition; UMS; Underway, multiple sensors
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1851846 data points
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-06
    Beschreibung: The Tara Pacific expedition (2016-2018) sampled coral ecosystems around 32 islands in the Pacific Ocean, and sampled the surface of oceanic waters at 249 locations, resulting in the collection of nearly 58,000 samples. The expedition was designed to systematically study corals, fish, plankton, and seawater, and included the collection of samples for advanced biogeochemical, molecular, and imaging analysis. Here we provide the continuous dataset originating from an optical particle counter ([EDM]; EDM180 GRIMM Aerosol Technik Ainring GmbH & Co. KG, Ainring, Germany) instrument acquiring continuously during the full course of the campaign. Aerosols pumped through one of the ([MAST-PUMP]) inlets were channeled through a conductive tubing of 1.9 cm inner diameter to four parallel 47mm filter holders installed in the rear hold using a vacuum pump (Diaphragm pumpME16 NT, VACUUBRAND BmbH & Co KG, Wertheim, Germany) at a minimum flow rate of 30 lpm (20lpm prior to may 2016). Air was conducted to an optical particle counter ([EDM]; EDM180 GRIMM Aerosol Technik Ainring GmbH & Co. KG, Ainring, Germany) measuring and counting particles in the size range 0.25 - 32 µm every 60 seconds.
    Schlagwort(e): aerosol; DATE/TIME; Fondation Tara Expeditions; FondTara; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Optical particle counter ([EDM]; EDM180 GRIMM Aerosol Technik Ainring GmbH & Co. KG, Ainring, Germany) measuring and counting particles in the size range 0.25 - 32 µm every 60 seconds; Pacific Ocean; Particle concentration, standard deviation; Particle number, total; size distribution; SV Tara; TARA_2016-2018; Tara_Pacific; TARA_PACIFIC_2016-2018; Tara Pacific Expedition; UMS; Underway, multiple sensors
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 30312 data points
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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