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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
    Schlagwort(e): Climatic changes. ; Climatic changes -- Environmental aspects. ; Electronic books.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (103 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783642239328
    Serie: SpringerBriefs in Earth System Sciences Series
    DDC: 551.6015118
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Intro -- Earth System Modelling -Volume 5 -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1 Introduction -- 2 ESM Workflow -- 2.1 What is a Workflow? -- 2.2 Example: FRE, the FMS Runtime Environment -- 2.3 Discussion: Workflows and Curators -- References -- 3 Applying Scientific Workflow to ESM -- 3.1 Use Case and its Requirements -- 3.2 Components of the Use Case -- 3.2.1 Computing Environment and Extensions -- 3.2.2 Kepler Scientific Workflow System and Extensions -- 3.3 Conclusion -- 3.4 Future Directions -- References -- 4 Configuration Management and Version Control in Earth System Modelling -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Role 1. The Infrastructure Developer and Supporter -- 4.3 Role 2. The Scientific Developer -- 4.4 Role 3. The Configuration Developer Team -- 4.5 Role 4. The Configuration Manager -- 4.6 Role 5. The Model Release Manager -- 4.7 Collaborative Developer -- 4.8 Summary and Discussion -- References -- 5 Building Earth System Models -- 5.1 Requirements -- 5.2 Methods to Accelerate the Build -- 5.3 The `Make' Utility -- 5.4 Example: The SCE Build System -- 5.5 Discussion -- References -- 6 Running and Monitoring -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 General Architectural Principles of Job Scheduling Systems -- 6.3 Requirements -- 6.4 Tools Available at Major Climate Research Centers -- 6.4.1 SMS -- 6.4.2 Installation and Hardware Support -- 6.4.3 Task Definition Language -- 6.4.4 Macro Variables -- 6.4.5 Dependency Declaration -- 6.4.6 Starting Tasks -- 6.4.7 Special Large Installation Features -- 6.4.8 A Use Case -- 6.5 XCdp GUI -- 6.5.1 Main Monitoring View -- 6.5.2 Task View -- 6.5.3 Security -- 6.6 Ant and Frameworks -- 6.7 Job Scheduler -- 6.8 Conclusion -- 6.9 Future Directions -- 7 Configuring, Building and Running Models in GENIE -- 7.1 Access to the Modelling Framework -- 7.2 Model Configuration -- 7.3 Building. , 7.4 Running and Monitoring -- 7.5 Discussion -- References -- 8 Configuring, Building and Running Models in CIAS -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 CIAS Framework -- 8.3 Experiment Configuration and Execution -- 8.4 Conclusion and Future Development -- References -- 9 Summary and Conclusions -- Glossary -- Index.
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
    Schlagwort(e): Dynamic climatology -- Mathematical models. ; Electronic books.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (97 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783642372445
    Serie: SpringerBriefs in Earth System Sciences Series
    DDC: 550
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1 ESM Data Archives in Times of the Grid -- Reference -- 2 Distributed Archives, Databases and Data Portals: The Scene -- References -- 3 Harvesting of Metadata with Open Access Tools -- 3.1 Background and Motivation -- 3.2 The Metadata Portal Framework ``panFMP'' -- 3.3 Adoption of the Framework in C3Grid -- 3.4 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Data Discovery: Identifying, Searching and Finding Data -- 4.1 Overview and Definition of Terminology -- 4.2 ESM Data Discovery Challenges -- 4.2.1 Data Product Granularity and Aggregation -- 4.2.2 Data Provenance and Scientific Context -- 4.2.3 Data Lifetime and Quality -- 4.2.4 Data Volume and Data Distribution -- 4.2.5 Interdisciplinarity and Heterogeneity of Data Discovery Use Cases -- 4.2.6 Search Scalability and Flexibility -- 4.3 Generic Data Discovery Architecture -- 4.4 Implementation Standards -- 4.4.1 Metadata Standards and Initiative: -- 4.4.2 Metadata Exchange and Discovery Protocol Standard -- 4.4.3 Standardization of Registries -- 4.5 Data Discovery Architectures in the Times of the Grid -- 4.5.1 NERC Data Grid -- 4.5.2 C3Grid -- 4.5.3 Earth System Grid (ESG) -- 4.5.4 The European Distributed ESM Data Archive -- 4.6 Summary -- References -- 5 User Driven Data Access Mechanisms -- 5.1 Existing Data Access Solutions in ESM -- 5.2 Technical Solutions for Data Access -- 5.3 Aspects of Local Implementations -- 5.4 Future Developments -- 5.5 Conclusions -- References -- 6 Collaborative Climate Community Data and Processing Grid---C3Grid: Workflows for Data Selection, Pre- and Post-Processing in a Distributed Environment -- 6.1 General Remarks -- 6.2 Architecture and Middleware Components -- 6.2.1 C3Grid Portal -- 6.2.2 Data Information Service and Metadata -- 6.2.3 Collaborative Workspace and Data Management Service. , 6.2.4 Workflow Scheduling Service -- 6.2.5 Provider Layer: Data Archive and Compute Resources -- 6.3 Workflows -- 6.4 Status and Perspectives -- References -- 7 Earth System Grid Federation: Federated and Integrated Climate Data from Multiple Sources -- 7.1 Background -- 7.2 Science Drivers -- 7.2.1 Typical ESGF Facility: PCMDI LLNL -- 7.2.2 Enhancing the Process of Science -- 7.3 Data Quality and Publishing in an International Setting -- 7.4 Data Intensive Climate Science -- 7.5 Data, Workflow, Middleware Tools, and Services -- 7.6 Outstanding Issues -- 7.7 Summary -- 8 Future Perspectives -- Glossary -- Index.
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
    Schlagwort(e): Earth sciences -- Computer simulation. ; Geology -- Computer simulation. ; Electronic books.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (64 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783642365973
    Serie: SpringerBriefs in Earth System Sciences Series
    DDC: 551.6
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Intro -- Earth System Modelling - Volume 1 -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1 Recent Developments and Projects -- References -- 2 The Infrastructure Project of the European Network for Earth System Modelling: IS-ENES -- 2.1 General Overview -- 2.2 Rationale and History -- 2.3 Partnerships and Organization -- 2.4 Overview of Results -- 2.5 Users -- 2.6 Future Plans -- References -- 3 The METAFOR Project -- 3.1 General Overview -- 3.2 Rationale and History -- 3.3 Partnerships and Organization -- 3.4 Overview of Results -- 3.4.1 Common Information Model (CIM) -- 3.4.2 CMIP5 Questionnaire -- 3.4.3 CIM Web Portal -- 3.4.4 CIM Web Services -- 3.4.5 CIM Tools -- 3.5 Users -- 3.6 Future Plans -- Reference -- 4 The European PRISM Network -- 4.1 General Overview -- 4.2 Rationale and History -- 4.3 Partnerships and Organization -- 4.4 Overview of Results -- 4.5 Users -- 4.6 Conclusions -- Reference -- 5 The Earth System Modeling Framework -- 5.1 General Overview -- 5.2 Rationale and History -- 5.3 Partnerships and Organization -- 5.4 Technical Strategy -- 5.5 Overview of Results -- 5.6 Future Plans -- 6 The Grid ENabled Integrated Earth System Modelling (GENIE) Framework -- 6.1 Rationale and History -- 6.2 Partnership and Organization -- 6.3 Overview of Results -- 6.3.1 Version Control, Build and Test -- 6.3.2 Model Coupling and Configuration -- 6.3.3 Grid-Enabled Problem Solving Environment -- 6.4 Users -- 6.5 Future Plans -- References -- 7 K-1(Kyosei) Project -- 7.1 General Overview -- 7.2 Rationale and History -- 7.3 Partnership and Organization -- 7.4 Overview of Results -- 7.4.1 Programming Structure -- 7.4.2 Scientific Results -- 7.5 Users -- 7.6 Future Plans -- References -- 8 CCSM -- 8.1 General Overview -- 8.2 Rationale and History -- 8.3 Partnerships and Organization -- 8.4 Overview of Results -- 8.5 Users -- 8.6 Future Plans. , References -- Glossary -- Index.
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
    Schlagwort(e): Model-integrated computing. ; Electronic books.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (86 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783642233609
    Serie: SpringerBriefs in Earth System Sciences Series
    DDC: 551.6015118
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Intro -- Earth System Modelling -Volume 3 -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1 Introduction -- 2 TDT: A Library for Typed Data Transfer -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Architectural Overview -- Ease of Use -- Portability -- Efficiency -- Flexibility -- Usefulness -- 2.3 Benefits and Limitations of TDT -- Data Types -- Size of Data -- Transfer Mechanism -- Byte Swapping -- Limitations of TDT -- 2.4 Model Coupling with TDT -- 2.5 TDT in Practice -- 2.5.1 The Data Description File -- 2.5.2 The Configuration File -- 2.5.3 Implementation in the Original Codes -- 2.6 Additional Technical Details -- 2.7 Conclusions and Perspectives -- 3 The Model Coupling Toolkit -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Architectural Overview and Programming Philosophy -- 3.3 MCT Datatypes and Methods -- 3.4 MCT Multi-Language Interface -- 3.5 Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- 4 The OASIS Coupler -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Architectural Overview -- 4.3 Coupling Configuration -- 4.4 Process Management -- 4.5 Communication: The OASIS PSMILe Library -- 4.6 Coupling Field Transformation and Regridding -- 4.6.1 Transformation and Regridding in OASIS3 -- 4.6.2 Transformation and Regridding in OASIS4 -- 4.7 Performances -- 4.8 User Community -- 4.9 Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- 5 The Flexible Modeling System -- 5.1 Introduction: The Emergence of Modeling Frameworks -- 5.2 Architectural Overview -- 5.3 Physical Architecture of FMS Coupled System -- 5.4 The Exchange Grid -- 5.5 Data Assimilation -- 5.6 Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- 6 The Earth System Modeling Framework -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Architectural Overview -- 6.3 Components in ESMF -- 6.4 Remapping in ESMF -- 6.5 Adopting ESMF -- 6.5.1 Wrapping User Code in ESMF Components -- 6.5.2 Adapting Data Structures -- 6.5.3 Registering User Methods. , 6.5.4 Coupling Between ESMF Components -- 6.5.5 Executing the Application -- 6.6 Alternative Forms of Coupling -- 6.7 Conclusions and Perspective -- References -- 7 The Bespoke Framework Generator -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Architectural Overview -- 7.3 BFG1 -- 7.4 BFG2 -- 7.4.1 Argument Passing -- 7.4.2 Subroutine Entry Points -- 7.4.3 Scientific API -- 7.4.4 Initialisation -- 7.4.5 Control -- 7.4.6 XSLT Implementation -- 7.4.7 Frameworks as Targets -- 7.4.8 Grids -- 7.4.9 The GENIE ESM---An Example -- 7.5 Related Systems -- 7.6 Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- 8 Future Perspectives -- Glossary -- Index.
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
    Schlagwort(e): Climatology -- Mathematical models. ; Electronic books.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (66 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783642364648
    Serie: SpringerBriefs in Earth System Sciences Series
    DDC: 550
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Intro -- Earth System Modelling - Volume 4 -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1 Input/Output and Postprocessing -- 2 Parallel I/O Basics -- 2.1 The I/O Software Stack -- 2.2 Parallel File Systems -- 2.3 MPI-IO -- 2.4 Data Format Libraries -- 2.5 Applying I/O Lessons to Applications -- 2.6 Parallel I/O Today and Tomorrow -- References -- 3 ESM I/O Layers -- 3.1 ESM I/O Layers: Design Considerations -- 3.2 An ESM Parallel I/O Class Library -- 3.2.1 mpp_io -- 3.2.2 Other ESM Parallel I/O Libraries -- 3.3 ESM Post-Processing Tools and Libraries -- 3.4 Discussion -- References -- 4 Data Storage -- 4.1 Hierarchical Storage Management: An Introduction -- 4.2 An Abstraction for HSMs: A Three-Level Storage Model -- 4.3 Discussion: HSM Strategies -- References -- 5 Data Representation -- 5.1 Scientific Data File Formats -- 5.1.1 NetCDF -- 5.1.2 HDF -- 5.1.3 GRIB -- 5.2 Remote Data Access -- 5.2.1 Bulk Access -- 5.2.2 Remote Subsetting in Index Space -- 5.2.3 Remote Subsetting in Coordinate Space -- 5.3 Georeferencing Coordinate Systems and Metadata -- 5.3.1 CF Conventions -- 5.3.2 Other Georeferencing Conventions -- 5.3.3 Discovery Versus Use Metadata -- 5.4 Data Models -- 5.4.1 ISO/OGC Models -- 5.5 Data Aggregation -- 5.6 Case Study: Attribution and Detection -- References -- 6 Data Analysis and Visualization -- 6.1 Background and History -- 6.2 The Analysis Process -- 6.3 Current Platforms Used for Data Analysis and Visualization -- 6.4 Community Tools and Environments -- 6.5 Use Case Example -- 6.6 Future Challenges and Directions -- 7 Future Perspectives -- References -- Glossary -- Index.
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
    Schlagwort(e): Earth sciences -- Computer simulation. ; Electronic books.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (101 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783642238314
    Serie: SpringerBriefs in Earth System Sciences Series
    DDC: 551.6015118
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Intro -- Earth System Modelling - Volume 2 -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1 Overview -- 2 Numerical Algorithms for ESM: State of the Art -- 2.1 Space Discretization: Finite Difference and Finite Volume Methods -- 2.2 Space Discretization: Spectral Transform Methods -- 2.3 Time Discretizations -- 2.4 Numerical Algorithms for Parameterized Physical Processes -- References -- 3 Numerical Algorithms for ESM: Future Perspectives for Atmospheric Modelling -- References -- 4 Numerical Algorithms for ESM: Future Perspectives for Ocean Modelling -- 4.1 Finite Element and Finite-Volume Methods -- 4.2 An Incomplete Overview -- 4.3 Challenges of Unstructured Grids -- 4.4 Conclusions -- References -- 5 Efficiency for Adaptive Triangular Meshes: Key Issues of Future Approaches -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Quadrilateral vs. Triangular Meshes -- 5.1.2 Applications Suitable for Adaptive Meshing -- 5.1.3 Key Challenges for Adaptive Triangular Meshes and Solvers -- 5.2 Triangular Mesh Generation -- 5.2.1 Delaunay Triangulations -- 5.2.2 Hierarchical Triangulations -- 5.2.3 Data Structures -- 5.3 Adaptive Mesh Control -- 5.3.1 Error Estimation Concepts -- 5.3.2 Refinement Strategies -- 5.4 Optimisation of Hierarchical Triangular Mesh Computations -- 5.4.1 Linearization with Space-Filling Curves -- 5.5 Example of an Adaptive Mesh Refinement Computation -- References -- 6 Code Design and Quality Control -- 6.1 Design for Sustainability -- 6.2 Software Coding Standards -- 6.3 Version Control -- 6.4 Other Tools to Support Coding -- 6.5 Code Reviews -- 6.6 Verification and Validation for ESM -- 6.7 Model Intercomparisons -- 6.8 Assessments of Model Quality -- References -- 7 Code Optimisation -- 7.1 Application Portability -- 7.2 Profiling -- 7.3 Compiler Optimisation -- 7.4 Optimisations for Vector, Scalar and Cache-Based Architectures. , 7.4.1 Use Stride 1 -- 7.4.2 Avoid Stores -- 7.4.3 Remove Divides -- 7.4.4 Remove IFs -- 7.4.5 Optimisations for Cache -- References -- 8 Code Parallelisation On Massively Parallel Machines -- 8.1 Introduction to Parallel Computing -- 8.2 A General Communication and Synchronization Model for Parallel systems -- 8.3 Parallel Programming Models -- 8.4 Simplifying the Expression of Parallelism -- References -- 9 Future Perspectives -- References -- Glossary -- Index.
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  • 7
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    Unbekannt
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 108 (C5). p. 3159.
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-04-18
    Beschreibung: A series of numerical experiments with models of the Atlantic Ocean is analyzed with respect to the uptake of CFC‐11 and its export from the subpolar gyre with the North Atlantic Deep Water. We discuss the influence of parameterizations for air‐sea gas exchange and subgrid‐scale processes on the rate of CFC‐11 that enters the North Atlantic Ocean and its dependence on horizontal grid spacing in models from medium (4/3°) to eddy‐permitting (1/3°) horizontal resolution. Model results are compared with observational estimates of tracer inventories in order to evaluate to what degree the simulations capture realistic CFC distributions. While higher resolution is needed to model details of the CFC distribution, for example, in the Deep Western Boundary Current, the medium resolution models are able to simulate quantitatively satisfying CFC inventories in different water masses. Nevertheless, the inventories derived from the medium‐resolution experiments show a critical dependence on details of the parameterization of the mixing effect of mesoscale eddies and on the representation of bottom boundary layer processes. The numerical representation of eddy activity turns out to be of crucial importance in order to obtain modeled CFC inventories in agreement with observed values, which can be achieved either by carefully choosing the mixing parameterization or by applying higher horizontal resolution. The ratio of CFC‐11 being exported southward from the subpolar North Atlantic to the total CFC‐11 inventory in NADW does not vary significantly over the suite of model experiments.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Springer
    In:  In: High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering '01. , ed. by Krause, E. and Jäger, W. Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 396-405. ISBN 3-540-42675-2
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-05-07
    Beschreibung: The ocean takes up a large fraction of the pertubation C02 that enters the atmosphere by human activity. A realistic representation of this uptake in numerical models is essential for future climate studies. Uptake of C02 or other atmospheric trace gases is strongly influenced by oceanic physical variability at spatial scales between 20 and 100 km. Our main goal is to study the effect of this mesoscale variability on the cumulative uptake of anthropogenic C02 and chlorofluorocarbons using an existing model of the ocean circulation in the Atlantic that resolves a significant part of that variability explicitly because of its grid spacing of about 20 km. Results are compared with simulated trace gas distribution obtained from a model with coarser resolution.
    Materialart: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-16
    Beschreibung: The recovery of the oceanic flow field from in situ data is one ofthe oldest problems of modern oceanography. In this study, astationary, non-linear inverse model is used to estimate a meangeostrophic flow field from hydrographic data along a hydrographicsection. The model is augmented to improve these estimates withmeasurements of the absolute sea-surface height by satellitealtimetry. Measurements of the absolute sea-surface height includeestimates of an equipotential surface, the geoid. Compared tooceanographic measurements, the geoid is known only to low accuracyand spatial resolution, which restricts the use of sea-surface heightdata to applications of large scale phenomena of the circulation.Dedicated satellite missions that are designed for high precision,high resolution geoid models are planned and/or in preparation. Ourstudy, which relies on twin experiments, assesses the importantcontribution of improved geoid models to estimating the mean flowfield along a hydrographic section. When the sea-surface height dataare weighted according to the error estimates of the future highlyaccurate geoid models GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment)and GOCE (Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer)integrated fluxes of mass and temperature can be determined with anaccuracy that is improved over the case with no sea-surface heightdata by up to 55%. With the error estimates of the currently bestgeoid model EGM96, the reduction of the estimated flux errors does notexceed 18%.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    In:  EPIC3High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering '01, Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 396-405, ISBN: 3-540-42675-2
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Inbook , peerRev
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