Note: Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Authors -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Research Context -- Reference -- 2 Urban Sites -- 2.1 Introduction to the Sites -- 2.1.1 City Sampling -- 2.2 Methods Used in this Research -- 2.2.1 Data Analysis -- 2.3 Sites -- 2.3.1 Oxford, England -- 2.3.2 Scarborough, England -- 2.3.3 Inverness, Scotland -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Research Background -- 3.1 Necrogeography and Headstones Research -- 3.2 Lichens on Headstones -- 3.3 Other Research -- References -- 4 Assessing the Record -- 4.1 Site Selection -- 4.2 Field Methods -- 4.3 Analysis -- References -- 5 Stylistic Trends -- 5.1 Headstone Features: Motifs -- 5.2 Headstone Features: Shape -- 5.3 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Current State -- 6.1 Oxford Churchyards -- 6.2 Old High Kirk, Inverness -- 6.3 St. Mary's Churchyard, Scarborough -- References -- 7 Conservation Issues -- References -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Index.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- Abstract -- 1.1 Methodological Framework in this Study -- 1.2 Scope of this Brief -- References -- 2 Coastal Communities in Atlantic Canada -- Abstract -- 2.1 Demographics -- 2.2 Discussion -- References -- 3 Background Research -- Abstract -- 3.1 Participatory Action Research -- References -- 4 Methodology -- Abstract -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.1.1 Selecting the Communities in Atlantic Canada -- 4.1.2 First Series of Interviews -- 4.1.3 Interventions and PAR -- 4.1.4 Second Series of Interviews -- 4.2 Discussion -- References -- 5 Findings from Initial Interviews -- Abstract -- 5.1 Experience with 2010-2011 Major Storm Events -- 5.2 Psychosocial Barriers to Change -- 5.3 Discussion -- 5.4 Experiences and Lessons Learned from Coastal Storms -- 5.5 Lessons Learned and Additional Measures -- References -- 6 Findings from Follow-up Interviews -- Abstract -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Results -- 6.2.1 Knowledge of the CCC-CURA Project -- 6.2.2 Resilience -- 6.2.3 Natural Environment -- 6.3 Discussion -- References -- 7 Implications and Lessons Learned -- Abstract -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Resilience to Climate Change -- 7.3 Integrating Governance into Social-Ecological Resilience -- 7.4 Coastal Community Resilience Planning -- 7.5 Moving Further in Enhancing Resilience Through Ecosystem Governance -- 7.6 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Conclusions -- Abstract -- 8.1 Summary of the Overall Findings -- 8.2 Main Take Home Messages -- 8.3 Contributions -- 8.4 Further Work -- 8.5 Discussion -- References -- 9 Erratum to: Adaptation to Coastal Storms in Atlantic Canada -- Erratum to:& -- #6 -- L. Vasseur et al., Adaptation to Coastal Storms in Atlantic Canada, SpringerBriefs in Geography,& -- #6 -- DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-63492-0 -- Index.

Note: Cover -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1 - Introduction -- 1.1 - Introduction -- References -- Section I - Paleogeomorphology and Archaeogeomorphology -- Chapter 2 - Interactions between Geomorphology and Urban Evolution Since Neolithic Times in a Mediterranean City -- 2.1 - Introduction -- 2.2 - The Geography of Palma, a Mediterranean City -- 2.3 - Urban Evolution and Geomorphological Processes Since the Talayotic Period (BC 3000-Present) -- 2.3.1 - Talayotic Period (BC 3000-550) -- 2.3.2 - Roman and Late Ancient Age (2nd Century BC to 6th Century AD) -- 2.3.3 - Islamic Period (10-13th Centuries AD) -- 2.3.4 - Late Middle Age (13-15th Centuries) -- 2.3.5 - Modern Age (16-18th Centuries) -- 2.3.6 - Contemporary Age (19-20th Centuries) -- 2.4 - Land Use as the Crucial Change of Urban Geomorphology in the 20th Century -- 2.5 - Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 3 - Geotourism Development in an Urban Area based on the Local Geological Heritage (Pruszków, Central Mazovia, Poland) -- 3.1 - Introduction -- 3.2 - Georesources of Pruszków and its Surroundings -- 3.3 - Relief and Deposits -- 3.4 - Water -- 3.5 - Erratics -- 3.6 - Stones in an Open Urban Space -- 3.7 - Final Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 4 - Anthropogeomorphological Metamorphosis of an Urban Area in the Postglacial Landscape: A Case Study of Poznań City -- 4.1 - Introduction -- 4.2 - Geological and Sedimentological Setting -- 4.3 - Geomorphological Setting -- 4.4 - Anthropogenic Changes in Morphological Landscapes -- 4.5 - Urban Geosites -- 4.6 - Conclusion -- References -- Section II - Anthropogeomorphology -- Chapter 5 - Urban Stream Geomorphology and Salmon Repatriation in Lower Vernon Creek, British Columbia (Canada) -- 5.1 - Introduction -- 5.2 Methods. , 5.2.1 Reach and Subreach Characterization by Stream Walk -- 5.2.2 Topographic Surveys -- 5.2.3 - In-Channel Flow Hydraulics -- 5.2.4 - Bed and Bank Characterization -- 5.2.5 - Hydraulic Modeling -- 5.3 Results -- 5.3.1 Reach Differentiation based on Visual Descriptors -- 5.3.2 - Substrate Size -- 5.3.3 - Flow Hydraulics -- 5.3.4 - Spawning Habitat Assessment -- 5.3.4.1 - Substrate Suitability -- 5.3.4.2 - Hydraulic Suitability -- 5.3.4.3 Integrated Assessment -- 5.4 Discussion -- 5.5 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6 - Landform Change Due to Airport Building -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Types of Geomorphic Change -- 6.2.1 - Land Reclamation -- 6.2.2 - Coastline Alteration -- 6.2.3 - Land Leveling -- 6.2.4 - Artificial and Partly Artificial Islands -- 6.2.5 - Small-Scale Alteration of Relief -- 6.3 - Conclusions -- References -- Web Resources -- Section III - Landscape Influences on Urban Growth -- Chapter 7 - Environmental Contamination by Technogenic Deposits in the Urban Area of Araguaína, Brazil -- 7.1 - Introduction -- 7.2 - Methodology -- 7.3 - Technogenic deposits (TDs) and Soil Contamination -- 7.4 - Soil Contamination by TDs in the Urban Area of Araguaína -- 7.5 - Conclusion -- References -- Further Readings -- Chapter 8 - Transforming the Physical Geography of a City: An Example of Johannesburg, South Africa -- 8.1 - Introduction -- 8.2 - The Physical Environment of the City -- 8.2.1 - Topography, Ecosystems, and Climate -- 8.2.2 - Geology and Mineral Resources -- 8.3 - Development of the City -- 8.3.1 - Precolonial Development -- 8.3.2 - The Gold Rush of the 1880s -- 8.3.3 - The Apartheid Era (Circa 1948-1994) -- 8.3.4 - Post-1994 Development -- 8.4 - Discussion: Challenges of the City Today -- 8.4.1 - Urban Water Management -- 8.4.2 - Industrial Site Rehabilitation and Mine Pollution Management -- 8.4.3 - Food Security. , 8.4.4 - Urban Greening -- 8.4.5 - Sustainable Development -- 8.5 - Conclusions and Future Outlook -- References -- Chapter 9 - When Urban Design Meets Fluvial Geomorphology: A Case Study in Chile -- 9.1 - Introduction -- 9.2 - Objective and Methods -- 9.3 - An Interdisciplinary Dialogue -- 9.4 - Study Area Characterization -- 9.4.1 - Disaster as an Urban Developer -- 9.4.2 - Site-Specific Context -- 9.5 - Design Exercise: Creating Scenarios -- 9.5.1 - Current State of the Fluvial Geomorphology within the Study Area -- 9.5.2 - The IHG Index -- 9.5.3 - Fluvial Territory: Definition -- 9.5.4 - Design Actions -- 9.5.4.1 - Redefinition of the Boundaries (the Edge) -- 9.5.4.2 - Water Management System -- 9.5.4.3 - Multipurpose Green System -- 9.6 - Discussion Around Feasibility Issues -- 9.7 - Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section IV - Developing Geomorphological Hazards during the Anthropocene -- Chapter 10 - Urban Geomorphology of an Arid City: Case Study of Phoenix, Arizona -- 10.1 - Sonoran Desert Setting of the Phoenix Metropolitan Area -- 10.2 - Common Desert Geomorphic Processes in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area -- 10.2.1 - Rock Decay, Rock Coatings, and Soils -- 10.2.1.1 - Dominant Rock Decay Process -- 10.2.1.2 - Granitic Landforms Generated by Rock Decay -- 10.2.1.3 - Desert Pavements -- 10.2.1.4 - Biological Soil Crusts -- 10.2.1.5 - Rock Coatings -- 10.2.2 - Interplay of Aeolian, Fluvial, and Anthropogenic Processes -- 10.2.3 - Mass Wasting -- 10.2.4 - Pedimentation -- 10.3 - Desert geomorphic Hazards -- 10.3.1 - Alluvial Fan Flooding -- 10.3.2 - Street Flooding in Planned and Unplanned Housing Developments -- 10.3.3 - Debris Flows -- 10.3.4 - Haboobs and Dust Storms -- 10.4 - Summary Perspective on Human Influences on the Arid Geomorphic System in the Urbanizing Sonoran Desert -- References -- Further Reading. , Chapter 11 - Bivouacs of the Anthropocene: Urbanization, Landforms, and Hazards in Mountainous Regions -- 11.1 - Introduction -- 11.2 - Study Area -- 11.3 - The New Awareness of the Critical Zone -- 11.4 - Mining Town Development -- 11.4.1 - Uncompahgre Mining District -- 11.4.2 - Telluride (Upper San Miguel) Mining District -- 11.5 - Geomorphic Processes -- 11.5.1 - Glaciation -- 11.5.2 - Periglacial -- 11.5.3 - Fluvial -- 11.5.4 - Mass Movement -- 11.5.5 - Anthropogenic Building and Modifications of Landforms -- 11.6 - Location, Location, Location: A Planner's Dream -- 11.7 - Predicting Urban Suitability in the San Juan Mountains -- 11.8 - Results -- 11.9 - Conclusion -- References -- Further Readings -- Chapter 12 - Pokhara (Central Nepal): A Dramatic Yet Geomorphologically Active Environment Versus a Dynamic, Rapidly Developing City -- 12.1 - Introduction -- 12.2 - Pokhara City in Its Valley: A Long, Dramatic, and Complex History -- 12.2.1 - An Active Mountain in a Subtropical Environment -- 12.2.2 - A Catastrophic, Geomorphic Evolution -- 12.2.3 - The Recent Birth of a Major City in Nepal -- 12.3 - A tourist City With Major Attractions Related to Its Geomorphology -- 12.3.1 - Exceptional Viewpoints -- 12.3.2 - The Lakes: Legacies of Catastrophic Events -- 12.3.3 - Karstic Features: Gorges and Caves Related to the Old Ghachok Conglomerates -- 12.3.4 - Bhim Kali Dhunga -- 12.3.5 - Hot Springs -- 12.4 - Potential Threats: Natural Hazards and Risks -- 12.4.1 - Flood Hazards -- 12.4.2 - Earthquake Hazards -- 12.4.3 - Sinkholes and Subsidence -- 12.4.4 - An Example of Anthropogenic-induced Hazards: Sand Mining -- 12.4.5 - Environmental Impacts of Urbanization Versus Geoheritage Preservation -- 12.5 - Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section V - Urban Stone Decay: Cultural Stone and its Sustainability in the Built Environment. , Chapter 13 - Urban Stone Decay and Sustainable Built Environment in the Niger River Basin -- 13.1 - Introduction -- 13.2 - Decay of Clay Sandstones and Mudstones -- 13.3 - Evidence of Rock decay Consequent to Urban Stone Decay -- 13.3.1 - Geology, Materials, and Deep Rock Decay -- 13.3.2 - Chemical Rock Decay and Sediment Production -- 13.4 - Warm Wet Climates of the River Niger Basin Region -- 13.5 - Prevailing Atmospheric Pollution of the Urban-Built Environment -- 13.6 - Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 14 - A Geologic Assessment of Historic Saint Elizabeth of Hungary Church Using the Cultural Stone Stability Index, Denver, Colorado -- 14.1 - Introduction and Background -- 14.1.1 - Auraria Campus -- 14.1.2 - Saint Elizabeth's -- 14.2 - Methods: Basics of the Cultural Stone Stability Index -- 14.3 - Saint Elizabeth's CSSI Analysis -- 14.3.1 - North-facing Panels -- 14.3.2 - East-facing Panels -- 14.3.3 - South-facing Panels -- 14.3.4 - West-facing Panels -- 14.3.5 - Overall Assessment -- 14.4 - Implications and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 15 - Photographic Technique Used in a Photometric Approach to Assess the Weathering of Pavement Slabs in Toronto (Ontario, Canada) -- 15.1 - Introduction -- 15.2 - A New Method -- 15.2.1 - A Novel Application -- 15.2.1.1 - Three-dimensional (3-D) Quantification -- 15.2.2 - Measuring Surface Roughness -- 15.3 - Results With Discussion -- 15.3.1 - The Photometric Approach -- 15.4 - Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 16 - Conclusion -- 16.1 - Introduction -- 16.2 - Future Studies -- 16.3 - Conclusions -- References -- Author Index -- Subject Index -- Back cover.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- Abstract -- References -- 2 The OTS in Central Oxford -- Abstract -- References -- 3 Reduced Traffic Congestion and Air Pollution -- Abstract -- References -- 4 Implications for Urban Sustainability -- Abstract -- References -- 5 Further Pollution Reduction -- Abstract -- References -- 6 Energy Conservation -- Abstract -- References -- 7 Implications -- Abstract -- References -- 8 Conclusions -- Abstract -- References.

Note: Description based upon print version of record , Preface1. Introduction -- 2. The Oxford Transport Strategy (OTS) in Central Oxford -- 3. Reduced Traffic Congestion and Air Pollution.- 4. Implications for Urban Sustainability -- 5. Further Pollution Reduction.- 6. Energy Conservation -- 7. Implications -- 8. Conclusions.

Note: Includes bibliographical references and index