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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chromosome localisation of genes for resistance to Heterodera schachtii, Cercospora beticola and Polymyxa betae using sets of Beta procumbens and B. patellaris derived monosomic additions in B. vulgaris (1997)
    Springer
    Euphytica 97 (1997), S. 117-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Beta vulgaris ; Beta patellaris ; Beta procumbens ; monosomic additions ; Procumbentes ; beet cyst nematode ; Heterodera schachtii ; Cercospora beticola ; Polymyxa betae ; beet necrotic yellow vein virus ; rhizomania
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Beet cyst nematodes (BCN, Heterodera schachtii), Cercospora beticola, and rhizomania, caused by the beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and vectored by the soil-borne fungus Polymyxa betae, are the most serious diseases of sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris). The wild Beta species of section Procumbentes are known to be completely resistant to H. schachtii, C. beticola and P. betae. Alien monosomic additions (2n=19), plants of cultivated beet (2n=18) carrying different individual chromosomes of B. procumbens (2n=18) or B. patellaris (2n=36), were tested in greenhouse experiments for resistance to these pathogens. Gene(s) conferring full resistance to the beet cyst nematode in B. patellaris are located on chromosome 1.1, and the other tested chromosomes of B. patellaris are not involved in the expression of resistance. Artificial inoculation under greenhouse conditions, with in vitro produced inoculum of C. beticola and spot-percentage rating of the disease intensity, showed that the high level of resistance that was observed in the wild species B. procumbens and B. patellaris was not found in any of the monosomic additions tested. It was suggested that genes on various chromosomes of the wild species are needed to express full resistance, and that the chromosomes of group 7 of B. patellaris and chromosome 7 of B. procumbens have the largest effect. The greenhouse tests for resistance to P. betae in B. patellaris derived monosomic additions showed that the addition families of group 4.1 have a strong partial resistance, while the addition families of group 8.1 appeared to be completely resistant to the pathogen. Resistance to P. betae in the two wild species as well as in the two resistant addition types did not exclude infection with BNYVV, but resulted in a considerable reduction of the virus concentration. It was concluded that resistance to the vector would complement virus resistance, and may provide a more effective and durable control of rhizomania.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003088922086
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Backcrossing of nematode-resistant sugar beet: a second nematode resistance gene at the locus containing Hs1pro-1? (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 3 (1997), S. 471-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Schlagwort(e): AFLP ; beet cyst nematode ; resistance genes ; satellite DNA ; sugar beet
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Beet cyst nematode-resistant sugar beet plants, containing the Hs1pro-1 locus from Beta procumbens, show a female transmission frequency of the resistance of ca. 90%. Such plants often suffer from tumour formation on leaves and root systems, and from the occurrence of a so-called ‘multi-top’ phenotype. With the aim of obtaining resistant sugar beet material lacking these negative traits, nematode-resistant plants with a reduced size of the chromosome segment of the wild beet that carries the Hs1pro-1 gene were selected from backcrosses between the resistant stocks B883 or AN1-65-2 and susceptible sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). Analysis of such plants, referred to as Sat-minus plants, showed that the transmission frequency of the resistance to subsequent generations had dropped dramatically to ca. 0.5%. The multi-top phenotype was still present in the newly selected material, indicating that improvement of the resistant sugar beet material by further backcrossing will be hard to achieve. Two of the selected resistant offspring plants were analysed at the molecular level. With the aid of AFLP markers it was found that the size of the alien chromosome segment had decreased to 35% and 17% of the original size, respectively. Surprisingly, both plants had lost the Hs1pro-1 nematode resistance gene that recently was isolated from the original introgression material. This shows that more than one gene conferring resistance must be present in the locus in B883 and AN1-65-2 carrying the resistance gene Hs1pro-1.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009697119097
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Molecular and morphological characterization of monosomic additions in Beta vulgaris, carrying extra chromosomes of B. procumbens or B. patellaris (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 3 (1997), S. 147-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Schlagwort(e): Beta vulgaris ; Beta patellaris ; Beta procumbens ; section Procumbentes ; monosomic additions ; DNA fingerprinting ; repetitive probe ; morphological characteristics ; evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Abstract DNA fingerprinting with three repetitive DNA sequences (OPX2, PB6-4 and Sat-121) was carried out on a set of 10 monosomic additions of Beta procumbens and 75 anonymous B. patellaris-derived monosomic additions in B. vulgaris, for characterization of the alien chromosomes at the DNA level. The probes are Procumbentes-specific and distributed over all chromosomes. Morphological characteristics were also used for the classification of B. patellaris monosomic addition families and for comparison with the morphology of the addition families of B. procumbens. DNA fingerprinting revealed unique patterns for almost all individual addition chromosomes of B. procumbens. However, it was concluded that chromosomes 1 and 6 of B. procumbens may be identical with the only difference that the chromosome referred to as 6 carries a susceptible allele for beet cyst nematode (BCN) resistance. In contrast, it was concluded that the two addition types with chromosome 2 are carrying different chromosomes of B. procumbens, so that one of them was renumbered to become the new chromosome 6. DNA fingerprinting of 75 anonymous B. patellaris-derived monosomic additions facilitated the identification and characterization of the alien chromosomes and the grouping of these additions into nine different groups. Several of these groups could be divided in two sub-groups on the basis of small differences in banding patterns. The results of the DNA fingerprinting led to the conclusion that B. patellaris most likely is an allotetraploid. It was also deduced that the BCN gene(s) in this species are homozygous and located on chromosome 1, while the pair of homoeologous chromosomes does not carry such BCN gene(s). Because of the allotetraploid nature of B. patellaris, preferential association occurs between the two homologous chromosomes containing the allele(s) for BCN resistance. Each group of B. patellaris addition families united by DNA fingerprinting had comparable morphological characteristics. Some of these morphological traits appeared to be chromosome-specific and were very useful for primary classification of the addition families. However, the present study showed that these morphological traits are not adequate for the identification of all alien chromosomes without the aid of additional markers. Because of similarities observed between molecular characteristics or the effects on plant morphology of several chromosomes of B. procumbens and B. patellaris it was concluded that B. procumbens could have been involved in the evolutionary history of B. patellaris.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009693619852
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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