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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Marine Nitrogen Fixation. (2021)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing AG,
    Details
    Keywords: Nitrogen-Fixation. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (191 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783030677466
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6533462
    DDC: 551.466
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Foreword -- References -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Nitrogen Fixation in the Marine Environment -- 1.1 The Nitrogen Cycle -- 1.2 Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments -- References -- Chapter 2: Fundamentals of N2 Fixation -- 2.1 Microbiology -- 2.2 Nitrogen Fixation Reaction and Nitrogenases -- 2.3 The Biological Nitrogen Fixation Reaction -- 2.4 Non-structural nif Genes and Protein Assembly -- 2.5 Cellular Regulation of Nitrogenase -- 2.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: History of Research on Marine N2 Fixation -- 3.1 History of Studies of Marine N2 Fixation -- 3.2 Process Oriented Studies: Water Column -- 3.3 Benthic Marine Environments -- 3.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 4: Microorganisms and Habitats -- 4.1 The Surface Ocean (Pelagic) -- Cyanobacteria -- Heterotrophic N2 Fixers -- 4.2 Oxygen Deficient Zones (ODZs) -- 4.3 Mesopelagic and Deep Ocean -- 4.4 The Benthos -- Microbial Mats -- Shallow Sediments -- Corals and Coral Reefs -- Marine Plant Communities -- Deep Sea Benthos -- 4.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5: Measurements of Organism Abundances and Activities -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Cultivation -- 5.3 The Acetylene Reduction Method -- 5.4 Isotopic Tracers: 15N -- 5.5 Hydrogen -- 5.6 Functional Gene Analysis -- 5.7 Stable Isotope Probing -- 5.8 Biogeochemical Proxies -- 5.9 Remote Sensing -- 5.10 Experimental and Observational Formats and Scales -- 5.11 Mathematical Models -- 5.12 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: Factors Controlling N2 Fixation -- 6.1 Oxygen -- 6.2 Light -- 6.3 Temperature -- 6.4 Nutrients -- 6.5 Dissolved Organic Matter -- 6.6 Salinity -- 6.7 pH -- 6.8 Turbulence -- 6.9 Fate of Diazotrophs -- 6.10 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7: Biogeography of N2 Fixation in the Surface Ocean. , 7.1 Factors Controlling the Distribution of N2 Fixation Biogeography -- 7.2 Nutrient Limitation Geography -- 7.3 N2 Fixation Variables -- 7.4 Oligotrophic Oceans -- 7.5 Coastal and Upwelling Regions -- 7.6 Seasonality -- 7.7 Low O2 Waters -- 7.8 Estuaries and Inland Seas -- 7.9 High Latitudes Including the Arctic -- 7.10 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8: N2 Fixation in Ocean Basins -- 8.1 Nutrient Relationships, Ratios and N Cycle Feedbacks -- Stable Isotope Inferences -- The N* Parameter and N2 Fixation -- 8.2 Basin and Global Scale Inputs -- Pelagic Studies -- Heterotrophic N2 Fixation Inputs -- Benthic Studies -- 8.3 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9: Marine N2 Fixation, Global Change and the Future -- 9.1 Effects of Environmental Changes on Species -- 9.2 Large-Scale Shifts in N2 Fixation in the Global Ocean -- 9.3 Ocean Fertilization and Marine N2 Fixation -- 9.4 Marine Aquaculture, Biotechnology and N2 Fixation -- 9.5 Overcoming Challenges for Future N2 Fixation Research -- 9.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10: Summary and Conclusions -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Fundamentals -- 10.3 History -- 10.4 Microorganisms -- 10.5 Measurements -- 10.6 Factors -- 10.7 Biogeography -- 10.8 N2 Fixation in Ocean Basins -- 10.9 Marine N2 Fixation, Global Change and the Future -- 10.10 Over-Arching Questions, Controversies and Future Directions -- Microbiological -- Physiological -- Ecological/Biogeochemical -- Methodological/Technological -- 10.11 Closing Comments -- Index.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Marine Nitrogen Fixation (2021)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Marine sciences. ; Freshwater. ; Geobiology. ; Microbiology. ; Aquatic ecology .
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1: Nitrogen Fixation in the Marine Environment -- Chapter2: Fundamentals of N2 Fixation -- Chapter3: History of Research on Marine N2 Fixation -- Chapter4: Microorganisms and Habitats -- Chapter5: Measurements of Organism Abundances and Activities -- Chapter6: Factors Controlling N2 Fixation -- Chapter7: Biogeography of N2 Fixation in the Surface Ocean -- Chapter8: N2 Fixation in Ocean Basins -- Chapter9: Marine N2 Fixation, Global Change and the Future -- Chapter10: Summary and Conclusions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XV, 186 p. 36 illus., 31 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030677466
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67746-6
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67746-6
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Book
    Book
    Marine Nitrogen Fixation (2021)
    Cham : Springer
    Details Availability
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: xv, 186 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    ISBN: 9783030677459
    URL: https://www.gbv.de/dms/tib-ub-hannover/1755122586.pdf
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High rates of N 2 fixation by unicellular diazotrophs in the oligotrophic Pacific Ocean (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 430 (2004), S. 1027-1032 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The availability of nitrogen is important in regulating biological productivity in marine environments. Deepwater nitrate has long been considered the major source of new nitrogen supporting primary production in oligotrophic regions of the open ocean, but recent studies have showed that ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02824
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unicellular cyanobacteria fix N 2 in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean (2001)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 412 (2001), S. 635-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fixed nitrogen (N) often limits the growth of organisms in terrestrial and aquatic biomes, and N availability has been important in controlling the CO2 balance of modern and ancient oceans. The fixation of atmospheric dinitrogen gas (N2) to ammonia is ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35088063
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural analysis of the Trichodesmium nitrogenase iron protein: implications for aerobic nitrogen fixation activity (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 153 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Trichodesmium spp. are marine filamentous nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria which play an important role in the nitrogen budget of the open ocean. Trichodesmium is unique in that it is nonheterocystous and fixes nitrogen during the day, while evolving oxygen through photosynthesis, even though nitrogenase is sensitive to oxygen inactivation. The sequence of the gene encoding the Fe protein component of nitrogenase from the recently cultivated isolate Trichodesmium sp. IMS 101 was used to construct a 3-dimensional model of the Fe protein, by comparison to the X-ray crystallographic structure of the Fe protein of the γ-proteobacterium Azotobacter vinelandii. The primary differences in amino acid sequences of the Fe protein from diverse organisms do not impact the critical structural features of the Fe protein. It can be concluded that aerobic nitrogen fixation in Trichodesmium spp. is not facilitated by unique structural features of Trichodesmium Fe protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb12589.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diel variability in transcription of the structural gene for glutamine synthetase (glnA) in natural populations of the marine diazotrophic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium thiebautii (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 21 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract: A 360-bp fragment of the Trichodesmium thiebautii glutamine synthetase gene (glnA) was amplified from DNA isolated from oceanic populations of this ecologically important, diazotrophic cyanobacterium. The cloned fragment showed high homology to the type 1 glutamine synthetase (GS) enzymes of other cyanobacteria and was used to probe the in situ, temporal variability in transcription of Trichodesmium GS. Three distinct phases in the diel pattern of glnA mRNA abundance were observed. These appear to be correlated with the temporal variability in carbon and nitrogen fixation rates and the effect that these physiological processes have on the size of cellular pools of the primary end-products of N assimilation. Our data show that Trichodesmium thiebautii GS is regulated at the level of transcription and support the hypothesis that GS expression in this organism is subject to similar controls as those established for heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1996.tb00346.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of diazotroph community structure in Lyngbya sp. and Microcoleus chthonoplastes dominated microbial mats from Guerrero Negro, Baja, Mexico (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 47 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The nitrogenase activity and phylogenetic diversity of nitrogen fixing microorganisms in several different cyanobacterial mat types from Guerrero Negro, Baja California, Mexico were investigated by acetylene reduction assay, and by amplification and sequencing of the nitrogenase nifH gene. Acetylene reduction assays performed on a Lyngbya sp. and two Microcoleus chthonoplastes dominated microbial mats showed a typical diel pattern of nitrogenase activity in these mats. The highest rates of activity were found at night, with 40 and 37 μmol C2H4 m−2 h−1 measured in the Microcoleus mats, and 9 μmol C2H4 m−2 h−1 in the Lyngbya mat. Nitrogenase sequences were obtained that clustered with sequences from cyanobacteria, γ-Proteobacteria, and cluster 3 of nifH. In addition, novel and divergent sequences were also recovered. The composition of nifH sequence types recovered differed between the Lyngbya and Microcoleus mats. Interestingly, nifH sequences belonging to filamentous cyanobacteria were absent in most mat samples even though both mats were dominated by filamentous cyanobacteria. nifH sequences clustering with those of unicellular cyanobacteria were found, some of which were virtually identical to the nifH sequence from Halothece sp. MPI96P605, which had previously been isolated from the mat. In manipulation experiments, the Lyngbya and Microcoleus mats were allowed to re-colonize a cleared surface. In these developing mats, nifH sequences not previously observed in the mats were discovered. Our results showed that organisms capable of N2 fixation were present in N2 fixing mats, that the composition of the N2 fixing communities differs between mats, and that filamentous cyanobacterial diazotrophs may not have a large role in the early stages of mat development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-6496(03)00301-5
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Are Recent Watershed Disturbances Associated with Temporal and Spatial Changes in Water Quality of Lake George, New York, USA? (1997)
    Springer
    Environmental management 21 (1997), S. 725-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: KEY WORDS: Repeated-measures ANOVA; Split-plot design; Lakewater chemistry; Lake George
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: a (Chl a), silica (Si), and chloride (Cl) through the use of proper statistical techniques. Results indicate no statistically significant changes in the concentrations of TP, Chl a, or Si in the spring or summer from 1981 to 1993. A significant temporal trend of increase in Cl concentration is, however, detected. This is perhaps the strongest evidence that the development of the Lake George watershed has affected lakewater chemistry. In spring, the concentrations of TP, Chl a, Si, and Cl, averaged over all 13 years, were higher in the south basin, but differences are not statistically significant (i.e., P 〉 0.05). In summer, Si was slightly but significantly lower, and Cl was nonsignificantly higher in the south basin. Significant interactions between temporal and spatial changes are detected based only on summer values of TP and Chl a, indicating differential trends of change for these two variables in the south and north basins during the last 13 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002679900062
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of nitrogen-fixation by different nitrogen sources in the marine non-heterocystous cyanobacterium Trichodesmium sp. NIBB1067 (1991)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 156 (1991), S. 335-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Cyanobacterium ; Trichodesmium ; Nitrogen-fixation ; Nitrogenase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of various nitrogen sources on the synthesis and activity of nitrogenase was studied in the marine, non-heterocystous cyanobacterium Trichodesmium sp. NIBB1067 grown under defined culture conditions. Cells grown with N2 as the sole inorganic nitrogen source showed light-dependent nitrogenase activity (acetylene reduction). Nitrogenase activity in cells grown on N2 was not suppressed after 7 h incubation with 2 mM NaNO3 or 0.02 mM NH4Cl. However, after 3 h of exposure to 0.5 mM of urea, nitrogenase was inactivated. Cells grown in medium containing 2 mM NaNO3, 0.5 mM urea or 0.02 mM NH4Cl completely lacked the ability to reduce acetylene. Western immunoblots tested with polyclonal antisera against the Fe-protein and the Mo−Fe protein, revealed the following: (1) both the Fe-protein and the Mo−Fe protein were synthesized in cells grown with N2 as well as in cells grown with NaNO3 or low concentration of NH4Cl; (2) two bands (apparent molecular mass of 38 000 and 40 000) which cross-reacted with the antiserum to the Fe-protein, were found in nitrogen-fixing cells; (3) only one protein band, corresponding to the high molecular mass form of the Fe-protein, was found in cells grown with NaNO3 or low concentration of NH4Cl; (4) neither the Fe-protein nor the Mo−Fe protein was found in cells grown with urea; (5) the apparent molecular mass of the Fe-protein of Trichodesmium sp. NIBB1067 was about 5000 dalton higher than that of the heterocystous cyanobacterium, Anabaena cylindrica IAM-M1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248706
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