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  • 1
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    Cropland cover over the past 300 years in the Scandinavian area (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: High-resolution historical land cover datasets are essential not only for simulations of climate and environmental dynamics, but also for projections of future land use, food security, climate and biodiversity. However, widely used global datasets are developed for continental-to-global scale analysis and simulations and the accuracy of global datasets depends on the verification of more regional reconstruction results. Based on the collected statistics of cropland area of each administrative unit (Parish/County/Municipality/Province) in Scandinavia (Sweden, Norway and Denmark) from 1690 to 2015 (Time points are 1690, 1750, 1810, 1875, 1810, 1930, 1950, 1980, 1999 and 2015), the cropland area at the administrative unit level was allocated into 30-arc second grid cells.
    Keywords: 30-arc second; Cropland area; MULT; Multiple investigations; Scandinavia; Statistics
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/vnd.rar, 9.1 MBytes
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Cropland cover over the past 300 years in Scandinavia (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: High-resolution historical land cover datasets are essential not only for simulations of climate and environmental dynamics, but also for projections of future land use, food security, climate and biodiversity. However, widely used global datasets are developed for continental-to-global scale analysis and simulations and the accuracy of global datasets depends on the verification of more regional reconstruction results. Based on the collected cropland area of each administrative unit (Parish/County/Municipality/Province) in Scandinavia (Sweden, Norway and Denmark) from statistics and previous studies, the cropland area during 1690-1999 (Time points are 1690, 1750, 1810, 1875, 1810, 1930, 1950, 1980 and 1999) at the administrative unit level was allocated into 1km grid cells.
    Keywords: 30-arc second; Cropland area; MULT; Multiple investigations; Scandinavia; Statistics
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 7.3 MBytes
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age, period and cohort influences on beer, wine and spirits consumption trends in the US National Alcohol Surveys (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Addiction 99 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Aims  To estimate the separate influences of age, period and cohort on the consumption of beer wine and spirits in the United States.Design  Linear age–period–cohort models controlling for demographic change with extensive specification testing.Setting  US general population 1979–2000.Measurements  Monthly average of past-year consumption of beer, wine and spirits in five National Alcohol Surveys.Findings  The strongest cohort effects are found for spirits; cohorts born before 1940 are found to have significantly higher consumption than those born after 1946, with especially high spirits consumption for men in the pre-1930s cohorts. Significant cohort effects are also found for beer with elevated consumption in the 1946–65 cohorts for men but in the pre-1940 cohorts for women. Significant negative effects of age are found for beer and spirits consumption, although not for wine. Significant period effects are found for men's beer and wine consumption and for women's spirits consumption. Increased educational attainment in the population over time is associated with reduced beer consumption and increased wine consumption.Conclusions  Changing cohort demographics are found to have significant effects on beverage-specific consumption, indicating the importance of controlling for these effects in the evaluation of alcohol policy effectiveness and the potential for substantial improvement in the forecasting of future beverage-specific consumption trends, alcohol dependence treatment demand and morbidity and mortality outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00820.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cross-national meta-analysis of alcohol and injury: data from the Emergency Room Collaborative Alcohol Analysis Project (ERCAAP) (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Addiction 98 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Aims  To examine the relationship of acute alcohol consumption with an injury compared to a non-injury event in the emergency room across ERs in five countries.Design  Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the consistency and magnitude of the association of a positive blood alcohol concentration (BAC) at the time of arrival in the ER and self-reported consumption within 6 hours prior to the event with admission to the ER for an injury compared to a non-injury, and the extent to which contextual (socio-cultural and organizational) variables explain effect sizes.Findings  When controlling for age, gender and drinking five or more drinks on an occasion at least monthly, pooled effect size was significant and of a similar magnitude for both BAC and self-reported consumption, with those positive on either measure over half as likely again to be admitted to the ER with an injury compared to a medical problem. Effect sizes were found to be homogeneous across ERs for BAC, but not for self-report. Trauma center status and legal level of intoxication were positively predictive of self-reported consumption effect size on injury.Conclusions  These data suggest a moderate, but robust association of a positive BAC and self-report with admission to the ER with an injury, and that contextual variables also appear to play a role in the alcohol–injury nexus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00459.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multi-level analysis of alcohol-related injury among emergency department patients: a cross-national study (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Addiction 100 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Aim  The aim of this analysis was to examine the average rate and variation of alcohol-related injury across emergency department (ED) studies, the effect of usual drinking on likelihood of alcohol-related injury, whether cross-study variation in rate of alcohol-related injury can be explained by between-study difference in usual consumption and whether social-cultural contextual variables help explain cross-study variations, after between-study difference in usual consumption has been controlled.Design  Data were merged from the Emergency Room Collaborative Alcohol Analysis Project (ERCAAP) and the WHO Collaborative Study on Alcohol and Injuries, together representing 28 studies in 16 countries, and include 8423 (drinking) injury patients who arrived in the ED within 6 hours after injury. Alcohol-related injury was based, separately, on a positive blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and self-reported drinking within 6 hours prior to injury. A multi-level design and hierarchical generalized linear models were used for analysis in which patients were nested within studies.Findings  Overall prevalence of alcohol-related injury was 24% and 29% for positive BAC and self-report, respectively. At the patient level, log-transformed alcohol consumption in the last 12 months was a significant predictor of alcohol-related injury. At the study level significant variation in rates of alcohol-related injury was observed; studies with higher overall average consumption reported a higher rate of alcohol-related injury. When volume was controlled, societies with higher detrimental drinking pattern and higher legal level for intoxication while driving were more likely to have an increased rate of alcohol-related injury.Conclusions  Alcohol-related injury varies across EDs and countries. While it is associated with an individual's usual alcohol consumption, it is also affected by a number of societal drinking characteristics including the aggregate volume of consumption, overall drinking pattern and legislative policies to control drinking and related harms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01257.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cavity nucleation, growth and stress field in elastic-plastic medium (1990)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica solida Sinica 3 (1990), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-9166
    Keywords: matrix ; cavity nucleation and growth ; cohesion strength ; large strain analysis ; mechanical behaviour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A finite element method is used to study the cavity nucleation and growth in an elastic-plastic medium. The critical cohesion strength, σ c at IPM (interface between second phase particle and matrix) is employed as the criterion of cavity formation. Three different values of σ c are taken to examine their influence on the overall mechanical behaviour and process of cavity formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02205620
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of embryonal antigens of maize: Globulins as primary reserve proteins of the embryo (1978)
    Springer
    Planta 143 (1978), S. 11-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Antigen spectra ; Embryo (proteins) ; γ-Plantlets ; Germination (seeds) ; Globulins ; Proteins (storage) ; Seedling growth ; Storage proteins ; Zea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Normal and γ-irradiated caryopses of Zea mays L. were germinated, and the degradation of embryonal antigens (EA) was followed in the endosperms, scutella and embryonic axes of the seedlings, using double immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis and quantitative immunoprecipitation. The predominant transient EA were presumed to be storage proteins related to the reserve globulins of dicotyledonous seeds. Therefore globulins were isolated from maize scutella, purified by (NH4)2SO4 fractionation and isoelectric precipitation, and the molecular weights of the polypeptide units were estimated by discontinuous sodium-dodecyl-sulphate slab electrophoresis. The globulins were found to be identical with the predominant EA and amounted to about 40% of the protein nitrogen in the embryos of mature, non-germinated caryopses. The presumed reserve function of the globulins and the characteristic time course of their degradation in embryonic axes and scutella of maize seedlings are discussed in relation to the two-step pattern of mobilization of nitrogen reserves in germinating cereal caryopses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389046
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transforming activity of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma DNA (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 129 (1986), S. 21-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: NIH 3T3 cells were transfected with the DNAs from biopsy specimens of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC, EBV DNA positive) using calcium phosphate precipitation method. The malignant, transformed foci of NIH 3T3 cells have been observed and cloned. The hybridization of transfectant DNA digested by EcoRI with total human leukocyte DNA as probe was performed. The strong signal of smear comparing with NIH 3T3 DNA as control was observed. It was implied that the putative human transforming sequences had been integrated into transformed cells. Employing soft agar culture, the transformed cells can grow and form cell colonies. Following transfer, the foci were able to grow and adhere to a glass wall. These cells were easily agglutinated by con A. The cloned foci have been inoculated into nude mice with the formation of highly malignant sarcomas. In preliminary experiments for characterizing the transforming sequences, Ha-ras and Blym 1 were found in transfectants derived from one of the NPC DNA samples. It is implicated that these two oncogenes might be responsible for the acquisition of malignant phenotypic character of some human NPC. The further identification of oncogenes in NPC is currently in progress.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041290406
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  • 9
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    Maternal marginal iodine deficiency limits dendritic growth of cerebellar purkinje cells in rat offspring by NF-κB signaling and MAP1B (2016)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-23
    Description: ABSTRACT Iodine deficiency (ID) during early pregnancy had an adverse effect on children's psychomotor and motor function. It is worth noting that maternal marginal ID tends to be a common public health problem. Whether marginal ID potentially had adverse effects on the development of cerebellum and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, our aim was to study the effects of marginal ID on the dendritic growth in filial cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) and the underlying mechanism. In the present study, we established Wistar rat models by feeding dam rats with a diet deficient in iodine and deionized water supplemented with potassium iodide. We examined the total dendritic length using immunofluorescence, and Western blot analysis was conducted to investigate the activity of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling and microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B). Our results showed that marginal ID reduced the total dendritic length of cerebellar PCs, slightly down-regulated the activity of NF-κB signaling and decreased MAP1B in cerebellar PCs on postnatal day (PN) 7, PN14, and PN21. Our study may support the hypothesis that decreased T 4 induced by marginal ID limits PCs dendritic growth, which may involve in the disturbance of NF-κB signaling and MAP1B on the cerebellum. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2016.
    Print ISSN: 1520-4081
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-7278
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 10
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    Acceleration of on-axis and ring-shaped electron beams in wakefields driven by Laguerre-Gaussian pulses (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-10
    Description: The acceleration of electron beams with multiple transverse structures in wakefields driven by Laguerre-Gaussian pulses has been studied through three-dimensional (3D) particle-in-cell simulations. Under different laser-plasma conditions, the wakefield shows different transverse structures. In general cases, the wakefield shows a donut-like structure and it accelerates the ring-shaped hollow electron beam. When a lower plasma density or a smaller laser spot size is used, besides the donut-like wakefield, a central bell-like wakefield can also be excited. The wake sets in the center of the donut-like wake. In this case, both a central on-axis electron beam and a ring-shaped electron beam are simultaneously accelerated. Further, reducing the plasma density or laser spot size leads to an on-axis electron beam acceleration only. The research is beneficial for some potential applications requiring special pulse beam structures, such as positron acceleration and collimation.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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