Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- Reference -- 2 Post-3.11 Reconstruction, an Uneasy Mission -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Characteristics of the Great East Japan Earthquake -- 2.2.1 Multiple Disasters from Earthquake, Tsunami and Nuclear Accident -- 2.2.2 Damage to a Region with a Declining Population, an Aging Society, and a Weak Industrial Base -- 2.2.3 Disaster in a Time of Uncertain Economic Future -- 2.2.4 Natural Disaster or Man-Made Disaster? -- 2.3 Reconstruction Challenges -- 2.3.1 Confused Visions for Reconstruction -- 2.3.2 Decline of the Community -- 2.3.3 Project-Based Reconstruction -- 2.3.4 Roles of Government, Private Sector and Citizens -- 2.4 Conclusions -- References -- 3 The Lessons Derived from 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and the Repercussion of the Myopic Decision-Making Structures -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 What Happened in Fukushima and the Tohoku 2011 Disaster Region, Before and Short After the Disaster -- 3.3 What Happened in Fukushima and Tohoku Region After 2011 Disaster -- 3.4 Lesson Learnt from This Disaster for Man-made Failure -- 3.5 Overview of Land-Use Change by Comparative Three-Dimensional Photographic Analysis -- 3.6 What Can We Do in the Future for Sustainable Development? -- 3.7 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 4 Government Led Reconstruction Activities in Fukushima with a Specific Focus on the Reconstruction Supporters Project: Importance of Human Recovery -- Abstract -- 4.1 Overview of Efforts by Government and Fukushima Prefecture for Reconstruction -- 4.2 The Reconstruction Supporters Project by Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication -- 4.3 The Reconstruction Supporter Team at Tamura City and Minamisoma City of Fukushima Prefecture -- 4.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 5 The Design Process -- 5.1 Introduction. , 5.2 The Design Charrette Process -- 5.3 Facilitation -- 5.4 Step One: Understanding -- 5.5 Step Two: Creation -- 5.6 Step Three: Co-creation -- 5.7 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Planning and Design in Minamisoma: Reborn, Rethink, Return -- 6.1 Background -- 6.2 Study Area -- 6.3 Issues and Challenges -- 6.4 Challenges in Reconstruction -- 6.4.1 Reconstruction Principles -- 6.4.2 Community Devastation -- 6.4.3 The Struggle Against Nuclear Contamination -- 6.4.4 Social Resilience -- 6.5 Design Principles -- 6.6 Aims of the Design Charrette -- 6.7 Pre Study-Analogues -- 6.8 The Design Charrette -- 6.8.1 30-30 Exercise -- 6.8.2 Design Concepts -- 6.8.3 Creating the Design -- 6.9 The Design for Minamisoma -- 6.9.1 Horse Festival Ceremonial Route -- 6.9.2 Staged Restoration of Food Production in the Ideal Landscape -- 6.9.3 Algae Fields -- 6.10 Alternative Model -- 6.11 The Participatory Design Workshop -- 6.11.1 Presentation Preparation -- 6.11.2 Visualising the Design Concepts Using Three-Dimensional Models -- 6.11.3 Design Workshop -- 6.12 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- 7 Planning and Design in Kesennuma: Remember, Reconnect, Reform -- 7.1 Background -- 7.2 Aims of the Design Charrette -- 7.3 Criteria for the Design -- 7.3.1 Disaster Resilience -- 7.3.2 Urban Infrastructure -- 7.3.3 Industrial Revitalization -- 7.3.4 Environmental Harmony -- 7.3.5 Health and Welfare -- 7.3.6 Education and Learning -- 7.3.7 Regional Collaboration -- 7.4 Detailed Description of the Design -- 7.4.1 The Coast -- 7.4.2 History in the Making -- 7.5 Residents' Design Workshop -- 7.6 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Visualisation of Minamisoma -- 9 Visualisation of Kesennuma -- 10 Conclusion, Recommendations and Outlook -- 10.1 Toward a Co-creative Reconstruction and Community Planning -- 10.2 The Role of the Design Charrette Workshop -- 10.3 Building Resilience. , 10.4 Conclusion -- 10.5 Recommendations -- 10.6 Outlook -- References.

Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Introduction -- 1 Understanding Change Through the Lens of Resilience -- Abstract -- A Time of Change -- Resilience and Change -- Defining Resilience -- Defining Adaptation -- Transformation -- Going Beyond Resilience-The Transition from Resilience to Transformation -- Rethinking Resilience -- Awareness of Vulnerability -- Embracing Change, or Resilience Thinking -- Sustainability -- Reframing Resilience -- Rethinking Change Through the Lens of Resilience -- References -- Recognizing Vulnerability -- 2 Japan After March 11th 2011: Between Swift Reconstruction and Sustainable Restructuring -- Introduction -- The Disaster in Figures -- Catastrophic Chain Reaction -- The Disaster Behind the Disaster: Japan's Shrinking Periphery -- Reconstruction Principles -- Obstructions to a Swifter Reconstruction Process -- Lifestyle Choice Hindering Sustainable Reconstruction -- Conclusion: Decentralizing, Empowering, Building Social Networks -- References -- 3 Climate Change Vulnerability of Olive Oil Groves in Dry Areas of Tunisia: Case Study in the Governorate of Médenine -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Results -- Conclusion and Prospects -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 4 The Vehicle Transportation Problem in the Megacity São Paulo (Brazil) -- Introduction -- The Evolution of Vehicle Transportation in São Paulo City -- Economic Losses -- Environmental Fragility -- Final Considerations -- References -- 5 Disasters and Their Impacts on Air Quality in the Human Living Environment -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Diffusion of Radioactive Substances -- Indoor Air Pollution Caused by Chemicals in Temporary Housing -- Asbestos, A Time Bomb -- Conclusion -- References -- 6 Vulnerability of Pastoral Social-Ecological Systems in Mongolia -- Introduction. , Method for Vulnerability Assessment of Social-Ecological Systems -- Vulnerability Index of Social-Ecological Systems -- Ecological Vulnerability Index -- Integrating the Zud Index -- Grazing Intensity Index -- Research Outcomes and Discussion -- Drought Assessment -- Zud Assessment -- Grazing Intensity Index -- Ecological Vulnerability Assessment -- Vulnerability Assessment of Social-Ecological Systems -- Vulnerability of Ecological Zones -- Vulnerability Implications -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Awareness and Preparedness for Change -- 7 The Importance of Information Availability for Climate Change Preparedness in the Cultural Heritage Sector: A Comparison Between the UK and Japan -- Abstract -- Background -- Part One-Climate Change and Cultural Heritage in Japan: A Case Study of Itsukushima Shrine -- Introduction -- Objective -- Hypothesis -- Methodology -- Observed Sea Level Change -- Projected Sea Level Change -- Other Potential Impacts of Climate Change -- Conclusions -- Part Two-Climate Change and Cultural Heritage in the UK -- Climate Data Availability -- Guidance and Publications in the UK -- Compared to Japan -- UKCP Use Outside of the Cultural Heritage Sector -- Conclusions -- Recommendations -- References -- 8 Anticipating Environmental Change in Development Planning for the Archipelago of Indonesia -- Abstract -- Climate Change Issues in Indonesia: Challenges for a Large Archipelagic Region -- Climate Change: One Aspect of Environmental Change -- Taking Stock: Core Issues in Anticipating Change -- Indonesian Initiatives: Integrated Adaptation Plans Anticipating the Impacts of Environmental Change -- Case Study: Training to Improve Coastal Community Capacity Through Development of Regional Centers (KMB) -- Conclusion: Lessons Learned from Specific Initiatives -- Further Readings. , 9 Institutional and Technical Innovation in Pakistan for Resilience to Extreme Climate Events -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Floods in Pakistan -- Drought in Pakistan -- New Initiatives in South Asia to Address Climate Resilience and Drought -- Sharing Knowledge -- Conclusions -- References -- 10 Development of an International Institutional Framework for Climate Adaptation and Practice in Adaptation Planning in Developing Countries -- Introduction -- Historical Background and Development of Adaptation Under the UNFCCC -- Placement of Adaptation to Climate Change in the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol Text and Their Related Decisions around Marrakesh -- From the Stagnant Period to Accelerated Work in the Future Regime -- International Finance for Adaptation to Climate Change: Relevance with Planning Aspects -- National Adaptation Plans -- Strengthening Institutional Development for Adaptation to Support Efforts Toward Resilient Society -- References -- 11 Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation Products and Services by Japanese Companies with Base-of-the-Economic-Pyramid (BoP) Businesses -- Common Ground among Climate Change Adaptation Activities Re-invented through Restoration Activities by Japanese Companies after the Great East Japan Earthquake -- Japanese Companies that Integrate Climate Change Adaptation and BoP Businesses -- BoP Business Promotion Schemes and New Trends After the Disaster in Japan -- The Benefit of Strong Companies -- References -- 12 Systems Established for Reconstruction After the Great East Japan Earthquake, and the Current Situation on the Ground -- References -- Tools and Methods for Building Resiliency -- 13 Developing an ICT-Based Toolbox for Resilient Capacity Building: Challenges, Obstacles and Approaches -- Background -- Challenges -- Obstacles -- A New Toolbox for Science and Policy Interface -- Conclusion. , Acknowledgments -- References -- 14 Development of Tools to Assess Vulnerability to Climate Change in South Asia -- Background -- Vulnerability Assessment -- Water Resources and Their Relation to Climate Change Vulnerability in South Asia -- Vulnerability at the Local Level -- Technology -- Conclusion -- References -- 15 Development Plan as a Tool to Improve the Disaster Resilience of Urban Areas -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Process of Planning for Resilient Cities -- Plan Making -- Plan Adoption -- Plan Implementation and Governance -- The Perception of Key Informants' on Strategizing for Resilience Improvement -- Implementation Efficacy of the Resilience Improvement Strategies in the Shah Alam Local Development Plan -- Discussion -- Closing Remarks -- References -- 16 Swarm Planning-Developing a Tool for Innovative Resilience Planning -- Introduction -- Problem -- Complexity Theory -- Cities as Complex Systems -- Use of Complexity in Planning -- Modelling Complexity in Urban Precincts -- Generative Design -- Methodologies for Generative Design -- Self-organisation -- Agent Based Modelling (ABM) -- Swarm Planning -- Two Levels of Complexity -- Five Layers -- Non-Linear Processes -- Fishermans' Bend-a Case Study -- Case Study Area -- The Modelling Process -- Urban Objects -- General Rules -- Reynolds' Flocking Algorithm -- Exploratory Flock -- Consolidated Objects -- Typology of Climate Impacts -- Preliminary Results of Modelling -- Discussion and Further Study -- Conclusions -- References -- Transformation from Disaster and Crisis -- 17 Green Infrastructure in Reconstruction After the 2011 Earthquake and Tsunami: A Case Study of Historical Change on Awaji Island in Japan -- Introduction -- Forest Cover on Awaji Island from the Edo Era to the End of the Showa Era -- Land-Use Patterns on Awaji Island in the Edo Era. , Land-Use Change from the Edo Era to the End of the Showa Era -- How Can Green Infrastructure Play a Role in Reconstruction After a Disaster? -- References -- 18 The Long Term Economic Value of Holistic Ecological Planning for Disaster Risk -- Introduction -- Holistic Planning According to Ian McHarg -- Holistic Planning in Japan -- Method -- A Review of Site Planning Processes Based on Economic Reasoning (The Short-Term Approach) -- A Review of the Unrealized Holistic Site Planning Process Making Use of Ecological Planning-From the Perspective of Disaster Vulnerability -- Results and Discussion -- Revaluating Land Selection Results from Short-Term Planning -- Re-Evaluating the Results of Land Selection by Holistic Planning -- The Potential of Land Selection According to Holistic Planning -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 19 Disaster Response and Public Consultation in Cleaning Up Radioactive Contamination of the Environment -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Progress to Date with Off-Site Decontamination -- Delays with Decontamination Work and Their Causes -- Other Approaches for Quicker Remediation -- Strengthening Stakeholder Involvement -- References -- 20 Building Resilience in Africa Through Transformation and a Green Economy: Challenges and Opportunities -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Paradoxes of Africa -- Population Growth -- Education -- Strife and Conflict -- Health -- Poor Governance and Corruption -- Natural Resources -- Free Flow of Goods -- Africa Could Learn from Others -- Environmental Innovation in Africa -- Opportunity to Lead in a Sustainable Development Path -- The Technological Path for Environmental Innovations in Africa -- The Food-Water-Energy Nexus -- Food -- Energy -- Water -- Green Economy, Technology and the Future for Africa -- References -- Building Resiliency with Community. , 21 Community Based Environmental Design: Empowering Local Expertise in Design Charrettes.