Note: Front Cover -- Tsunamiites -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Introduction: Why a Book on Tsunamiites -- References -- Chapter 2: The Term 'Tsunamiite' -- References -- Chapter 3: Tsunamis and Tsunami Sedimentology -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Generation, Propagation and Quantification -- 3. Tsunami Sedimentology -- 4. Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 4: Bedforms and Sedimentary Structures Characterizing Tsunami Deposits -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Differences of Waveforms Between Tsunami- and Storm-Induced Waves -- 3. Bedforms and Sedimentary Structures Reflecting the Tsunami Waveform -- 4. Single-Bed Deposits -- 5. Multiple-Bed Deposits -- 6. Depositional Model in Shallow Water -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5: Sedimentary Characteristics and Depositional Processes of Onshore Tsunami Deposits: An Example of Sedimentation Associated with the 12 July 1993 Hokkaido-Nansei-oki Earthquake Tsunami -- 1. Introduction -- 2. General Setting -- 3. Methods -- 4. Results -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 6: Deposits of the 1992 Nicaragua Tsunami -- 1. Introduction -- 2. 1992 Tsunami Deposits Along the Nicaragua Coast -- 3. Tsunami Deposits Near Playa de Popoyo -- 4. Grading of the Tsunami Deposits -- 5. Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- Appendix A. Field and Laboratory Protocols -- References -- Chapter 7: Distribution and Significance of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Deposits: Initial Results from Thailand and Sri Lanka -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Localities and Methods of Study -- 3. Distribution and Significance of the Tsunami Deposits -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 8: Thickness and Grain-Size Distribution of Indian Ocean Tsunami Deposits at Khao Lak and Phra Thong Island, South-western Thailand -- 1. Introduction. , 2. Study Areas -- 3. Impact of the Tsunami -- 4. Thickness and Grain-Size Distribution -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 9: Tsunami Depositional Processes Reflecting the Waveform in a Small Bay: Interpretation from the Grain-Size Disistribution and Sedimentary Structures -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Regional Setting -- 3. Sedimentary Facies of the Tsunami Deposits -- 4. Grain-Size Distribution of the Tsunami Deposits -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 10: Offshore Tractive Current Deposition: The Forgotten Tsunami Sedimentation Process -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Offshore Traction Linked to Tsunami-Triggered Gravity Flows -- 3. Discussion -- 4. Summary -- References -- Chapter 11: Volcanism-Induced Tsunamis and Tsunamiites -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Volcanism-Induced Tsunamis -- 3. Volcanism-Induced Tsunamiites -- 4. Discussion and Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 12: Deep-Sea Homogenites: Sedimentary Expression of a Prehistoric Megatsunami in the Eastern Mediterranean -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Deep-Sea Homogenites -- 3. Discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Post Scriptum -- Chapter 13: Tsunami-Related Sedimentary Properties of Mediterranean Homogenites as an Example of Deep-Sea Tsunamiite -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Setting, Types and Distribution of Homogenites -- 3. Sedimentary Properties -- 4. Discussion of Sedimentological Problems -- 5. Comparison with Other Deep-Sea Tsunamiites -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- Appendix: Reflections on Terminology -- References -- Chapter 14: Tsunamiites-Conceptual Descriptions and a Possible Case at the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary in the Pernambuco Basin, Northeastern Brazil -- 1. Introduction and Previous Studies. , 2. A Theoretical Approach Towards the Identification of Tsunamiites -- 3. Methods and Data Analyses -- 4. Geological Setting of the Study Area -- 5. Characteristics of the Poty Quarry K/T Boundary -- 6. The Controversy About the Position of the K/T Boundary -- 7. Bed D, the Possible Tsunamiite and a Tentative Model -- 8. Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 15: Deep-Sea Tsunami Deposits in the Proto-Caribbean Sea at the Cretaceous/Tertiary Boundary -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Paleogeography of the Proto-Caribbean Sea and Geological Setting of the Study Sites -- 3. Sedimentary Processes of the Pentildealver Formation -- 4. Comparison of K/T-Boundary Deep-Sea Tsunami Deposits in the Proto-Caribbean Sea -- 5. Implications for the Genesis and Number of Tsunami Currents at the K/T Boundary -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 16: The Genesis of Oceanic Impact Craters and Impact-Generated Tsunami Deposits -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Morphology of Oceanic Impact Craters -- 3. The Generation of Tsunamis by Oceanic Impacts -- 4. Impact-Generated Tsunami Deposits Inside and Outside the Oceanic Impact Craters -- 5. Distribution and Significance of the K/T-Boundary Tsunami Deposits Around the Chicxulub Crater -- 6. Significance and Distribution of the K/T-Boundary Tsunami Deposits -- 7. Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 17: Tsunami Boulder Deposits -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Boulder Movement by Waves and the Storm/Tsunami Threshold for Boulder Dislocation -- 3. Examples of Tsunami Boulder Deposits Worldwide -- 4. Dating Tsunami Boulder Deposits -- 5. Open Questions in Coastal Boulder Transport -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 18: Characteristic Features of Tsunamiites -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Characteristics of Tsunamis and Tsunami Deposition. , 3. Sedimentary Structures in Tsunamiite Beds -- 4. Constituents of Tsunamiites -- 5. Tsunamiite Features in Various Environments -- 6. Conclusive Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 19: Sedimentology of Tsunamiites Reflecting Chaotic Events in the Geological Record-Significance and Problems -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Tsunamiites as Records of Ancient Events -- 3. Patterns of Tsunamiite Occurrence in Time -- 4. Preservation Potential of Tsunamiites -- 5. Conclusive Remarks and Future Studies -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 20: Introduction to a Tsunami-Deposits Database -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methodology -- 3. Database Description and Possible Modifications -- 4. Categorization -- 5. Accessibility -- 6. Collaboration and Reliability -- 7. The Nature of Tsunami Deposits: Preliminary Findings on Tsunami-Deposit Characteristics -- 8. Are Tsunami Depositional or Erosional Events? -- 9. Tsunami Deposits Reflect Availability of Source Material -- 10. Comparison of Tsunami Deposits and Storm Deposits -- 11. Locating Tsunami Deposits -- 12. Ephemeral Nature of the Deposits -- 13. Offshore Deposits -- 14. Examples of Database Queries -- 15. Request for Assistance -- 16. Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- Appendix: Updated Tsunami-Deposit Database Form -- References -- Bibliography of Tsunamiite -- Index.

Note: Front Cover -- Tsunamiites -- Tsunamiites -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface to the second edition -- 1 - Introduction: why a Book on Tsunamiites -- References -- 2 - The term "Tsunamiite" -- References -- 3 - Tsunamis and tsunami sedimentology -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Generation, propagation, and quantification -- 2.1 Generation of tsunamis -- 2.1.1 Earthquake-induced tsunamis -- 2.1.2 Tsunamis induced by submarine sliding -- 2.1.3 Volcanism-induced tsunamis -- 2.1.4 Tsunamis induced by asteroid impact -- 2.2 Propagation of tsunamis -- 2.2.1 Tsunamis in the deep sea -- 2.2.2 Tsunamis in shallow seas -- 2.3 Quantification of tsunamis -- 2.3.1 Tsunami height -- 2.3.2 Tsunami period -- 2.3.3 Run-up height -- 2.3.4 Tsunami magnitude -- 2.3.5 Tsunami intensity -- 3. Tsunami sedimentology -- 3.1 The mechanics of sediment transport -- 3.1.1 Shear stress and tractive force -- 3.1.2 Critical condition of sediment transport -- 3.1.3 Turbulence and terminal falling velocity -- 3.1.4 Mode of particle motion: bed load and suspension load -- 3.1.5 Quantity of sedimentary particles in a tsunami-induced current -- 3.2 Characteristics of tsunami deposits -- 3.2.1 Submarine tsunami deposits -- 3.2.2 Lacustrine tsunami deposits -- 3.2.3 Onshore tsunami deposits -- 3.3 A review of onshore tsunami sedimentation -- 3.3.1 Sedimentological feature associated with tsunami run-up -- 3.3.2 Source and particle composition of tsunami deposits -- 3.3.3 Sedimentological features associated with tsunami backwash -- 3.3.4 Sedimentological features associated with repetition and waning of waves -- 3.4 The occurrences of tsunamis and tsunamiites -- 3.4.1 Distinction between tsunami and storm deposits -- 3.4.2 Quantitative evaluation of ancient tsunamis -- 4. Concluding remarks -- References -- 4 - Bedforms and sedimentary structures characterizing tsunami deposits. , 1. Introduction -- 2. Differences of waveforms between tsunami- and storm-induced waves -- 3. Bedforms and sedimentary structures reflecting the tsunami waveform -- 4. Single-bed deposits -- 5. Multiple-bed deposits -- 5.1 Succession of sand sheets capped by mud drapes -- 5.2 Repeated reversal of current directions -- 5.3 Fining and thinning upwards series of sand sheets -- 6. Depositional model in shallow water -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- 5 - Tsunami depositional processes reflecting the waveform in a small bay: interpretation from the grain-size distr ... -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Regional setting -- 2.1 The Paleo-Tomoe Bay and its Holocene deposits -- 2.2 Storm waves and tides around the Southern Boso Peninsula -- 3. Sedimentary facies of the tsunami deposits -- 3.1 Unit Tna -- 3.2 Unit Tnb -- 3.3 Unit Tnc -- 3.4 Unit Tnd -- 4. Grain-size distribution of the tsunami deposits -- 4.1 Sampling and methodology -- 4.2 The T3 tsunami deposit at location 58 -- 4.3 The T3 tsunami deposit at location 45 -- 5. Discussion -- 5.1 Tsunami waveform -- 5.2 Relationship between grain-size distribution and tsunami waveform -- 5.3 Discriminating tsunami deposits from storm deposits -- 5.4 Tsunami deposits with a saw-toothed grain-size distribution -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 6 - Dposits of the 1992 Nicaragua tsunami -- 1. Introduction -- 2. 1992 tsunami deposits along the Nicaragua coast -- 2.1 Site-by-site observations -- 2.1.1 Jiquilillo -- 2.1.2 Corinto -- 2.1.3 Poneloya -- 2.1.4 Playa Hermosa -- 2.1.5 El Transito -- 2.1.6 Masachapa -- 2.1.7 Pochomil -- 2.1.8 Casares -- 2.1.9 Huehuete -- 2.1.10 Punta Teonoste -- 2.1.11 Las Salinas -- 2.1.12 Playa de Popoyo -- 2.1.13 Northernmost Costa Rica -- 3. Tsunami deposits near Playa de Popoyo -- 4. Grading of the tsunami deposits -- 4.1 Landward grading -- 4.2 Vertical grading. , 4.2.1 Playa de Popoyo -- 4.2.2 Las Salinas -- 5. Discussion -- Appendix A -- Field and laboratory protocols -- A.1 -- Sea level data -- A.2 -- Proximal to distal sampling -- A.3 -- Vertical sampling -- A.4 -- Analysis -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 7 - Sedimentary characteristics and depositional processes of onshore tsunami deposits: an example of sedimentation ... -- 1. Introduction -- 2. General setting -- 3. Methods -- 3.1 Field survey -- 3.2 Sedimentary description -- 4. Results -- 4.1 General characteristics -- 4.2 Sedimentary structures -- 4.3 Sedimentary units and facies -- 4.3.1 Unit 1 as the first inflow deposits -- 4.3.2 Unit 2 as the first outflow deposits -- 4.3.3 Unit 3 as the second inflow deposits -- 4.3.4 Unit 4 as the second outflow deposits -- 4.3.5 Interpretation of the four units -- 5. Discussion -- 5.1 Sedimentary characteristics and facies of the 1993 onshore tsunami deposits -- 5.2 An ideal model of the 1993 tsunami sedimentation -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 8 - Distribution and significance of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami deposits: initial results from Thailand and Sri ... -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Localities and methods of study -- 3. Distribution and significance of the tsunami deposits -- 3.1 Pakarang Cape, Thailand -- 3.2 Bang Sak beach, Thailand -- 3.2.1 Transect A (artificial beach) -- 3.2.2 Transect B (natural beach) -- 3.3 Garanduwa, Sri Lanka -- 3.3.1 Transect C (natural beach) -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 9 - Thickness and grain-size distribution of Indian Ocean tsunami deposits at Khao Lak and Phra Thong Island, South ... -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Study areas -- 3. Impact of the tsunami -- 4. Thickness and grain-size distribution -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References. , 10 - Lessons from the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami: implications for Paleotsunami research -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami and its precursors -- 3. Lessons learned from the Tohoku-oki tsunami -- 3.1 Limitation of marine materials as evidence for tsunami inundation -- 3.2 Larger extent and lower preservation potential of offshore tsunami deposits -- 3.3 Possible false dating of Paleotsunami events due to tsunami-induced erosion -- 3.4 Uncertainties in tsunami inundation distance based on deposit extent -- 3.5 Spatial variability of deposit thickness and its relation to flow depth -- 3.6 Challenges to estimating earthquake size and extent from tsunami deposits -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 11 - An overview on offshore tsunami deposits -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Offshore tsunami deposits - current knowledge -- 3. Offshore tsunami deposits - their features -- 3.1 Internal architecture -- 3.2 Textural and compositional aspects -- 3.3 Geochemical inferences -- 3.4 Palaeontological features -- 3.5 Differentiation from other high-energy events -- 4. Concluding remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 12 - Combined investigation of tradition archives and sedimentary relics of tsunami hazards - with reference to the ... -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The tsunami traces of the 1700 Cascadia earthquake and corresponding archives in Japan -- 2.1 An enormous tsunami told in stories down through tradition by native tribes of Canada -- 2.2 Modern traces of sudden subsidence of Cascadia coast and an accompanying earthquake -- 2.3 Sedimentary traces of tsunami flow and their formative influence -- 2.4 Date identification of the 1700 tsunami from documents of towns along the Japanese coast -- 2.5 Estimation of the occurrence time of the Great 1700 Cascadia earthquake -- 2.6 Estimation of magnitude of the 1700 Great Cascadia earthquake. , 2.7 Discussions on the 1700 Great Cascade earthquake -- 3. Examples from the Japanese islands -- 3.1 Documented Jogan tsunami of July 13, 869 CE and its sedimentary records -- 3.2 Other examples in Japan and their lessons -- 4. Lack of sedimentary relic - A supplementary discussion -- 5. Conclusive remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 13 - Deep-sea homogenites: sedimentary expression of a prehistoric megatsunami in the Eastern Mediterranean -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Deep-sea homogenites -- 2.1 Type A homogenites -- 2.1.1 Characteristics -- 2.1.2 Interpretation -- 2.2 Type B homogenites -- 2.2.1 Characteristics -- 2.2.2 Interpretation -- 3. Discussion -- 3.1 Data -- 3.2 Absence of tephra Z-2 in our data set -- 3.3 Absence of homogenites in the Herodotus abyssal plain -- 3.4 Comparison of type A and type B homogenites -- 3.4.1 Type A -- 3.4.2 Type B -- 4. Conclusions -- 5. Post scriptum -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 14 - Tsunami-related sedimentary properties of mediterranean homogenites as an example of deep-sea tsunamiite -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Setting, types, and distribution of homogenites -- 3. Sedimentary properties -- 3.1 Structures and grain-size distribution -- 3.2 Constituents and their relation to other features -- 4. Discussion of sedimentological problems -- 4.1 Erosion of the deep-sea bottom -- 4.2 Genesis of the sandy division of the type B homogenite -- 4.3 High tsunami-induced suspension cloud -- 4.4 Accumulation rate of the suspended load -- 4.5 Records of shuttle movement and backwash current of tsunamis -- 5. Comparison with other deep-sea tsunamiites -- 6. Concluding remarks -- Appendix: reflections on terminology -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Additional comment to Chapter 14 -- Further reading -- 15 - Volcanism-induced tsunamis and tsunamiites -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Volcanism-induced tsunamis. , 2.1 The 1640 CE Hokkaido-Komagatake eruption and tsunami.

Note: Intro -- 193Topics in Current Chemistry -- Organofluorine ChemistryTechniques and Synthons -- Volume Editor -- Editorial Board -- Preface -- Contents -- Contents of Volume 192Organofluorine Chemistry: Fluorinated Alkenesand Reactive Intermediates -- Elemental Fluorine in Organic Chemistry -- 1Introduction -- 2Perfluorination -- 2.1Mechanistic Considerations -- 2.2Hydrocarbons -- 2.3Haloalkanes -- 2.4Ethers and Polyethers -- 2.5Ketones, Esters and Related Compounds -- 2.6Substrates Containing Nitrogen, Sulfur or Phosphorous -- 2.7Carbon -- 3Selective Direct Fluorination -- 3.1Preparation of Carbon-Fluorine Bonds -- 3.1.1Replacement of Hydrogen by Fluorine -- 3.1.1.1 Alkanes -- 3.1.1.2Carbonyl Compounds -- 3.1.1.3Benzenoid Compounds -- 3.1.1.4Heterocyclic aromatic compounds -- 3.1.2Fluorodesulfurization ReactionsThe conversion of carbon-sulfur bonds -- 3.1.3Fluorodemetallisation -- 3.1.4 Addition of Elemental Fluorine to Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds -- 3.2Preparation of Oxygen-Fluorine Bonds. -- 3.2.1Perfluoroalkyl, Acyl and Perfluoroacyl Hypofluorites -- 3.2.2Alkyl Hypofluorites -- 3.3Preparation of Nitrogen-Fluorine Bonds -- 4 Fluorine as aReagent for the Synthesis ofNon-Fluorinated Compounds -- 4.1Organic Transformations Promoted by Fluorine -- 5References -- Fluorinated Organometallic Compounds -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Fluorinated Alkyl Organometallics -- 2.1Perfluoroalkyl Lithium Reagents -- 2.2Perfluoroalkyl Magnesium Reagents -- 2.3Perfluoroalkyl Zinc Reagents -- 2.4Perfluoroalkyl Copper Reagents -- 2.5Perfluoroalkyl Tin Reagents -- 3 Fluorinated Alkenyl Organometallics -- 3.1Fluorinated Alkenyl Lithium Reagents -- 3.2Fluorinated Alkenyl Zinc Reagents -- 3.3Fluorinated Alkenyl Copper Reagents -- 3.4Fluorinated Alkenyl Tin Reagents -- 4 Fluorinated Aryl Organometallics -- 4.1Perfluoroaryl Lithium Reagents -- 4.2Perfluoroaryl Magnesium Reagents. , 4.3Perfluoroaryl Copper Reagents -- 5Carboalkoxydifluoromethylene Organometallics -- 5.1Carboalkoxydifluoromethylene Zinc Reagent -- 5.2Carboalkoxydifluoromethylene Copper Reagent -- 6Dialkoxyphosphinydifluoromethyl Organometallics -- 6.1Dialkoxyphosphinydifluoromethyl Lithium Reagents -- 6.2Dialkoxyphosphinydifluoromethyl Cadmium Reagent -- 6.3Dialkoxyphosphinydifluoromethyl Zinc and Copper Reagent -- 7a,a-Difluoroallyl and a,a-Difluoropropargyl Organometallics -- 7.1a,a-Difluoroallyl Organometallics -- 7.2a,a-Difluoropropargyl Organometallics -- 8References -- Enzymatically Controlled Reactions of OrganofluorineCompounds -- 1Introduction -- 2Asymmetric Induction via the Reduction of a Carbonyl Group -- 3Lipase-catalyzed Asymmetric Induction -- 3.1Asymmetric Hydrolysis -- 3.2Determination of Absolute Configuration -- 3.3Diastereocontrolled Reaction -- 4Building Blocks derived from Microbial Transformation -- 4.1Epoxidation with Microorganisms -- 4.2Fluorinated Building Blocks for Sugar Derivatives -- 4.3Fluorinated Amino Acids -- 5Useful Reagents and Materials -- 6References -- Building Block Approaches to AliphaticOrganofluorine Compounds -- 1Introduction -- 2 One-Carbon Fluorinated Building Blocks -- 2.1Fluorohalomethanes as Carbene Precursors -- 2.2Fluorohalomethanes as Electrophiles -- 2.3Fluoromethane-derived Nucleophiles and Free Radicals -- 2.3.1Unstabilised Species -- 2.3.2Stabilised Species -- 3 Two-Carbon Fluorinated Building Blocks -- 3.1Halofluoroalkanes as Building Blocks -- 3.2Fluoroalkene Building Blocks -- 3.2.1Metallated Fluoroalkenes -- 3.2.2Miscellaneous Fluoroalkene Reactions -- 3.3Fluoroethanol Building Blocks -- 3.3Other Fluoroethyl Building blocks -- 3.4Fluorinated Acetaldehyde Derivatives -- 3.5Fluorinated Acetic Acid Derivatives -- 4 Three Carbon Fluorinated Building Blocks -- 4.1Trifluoropropene Derivatives. , 4.2Activated Trifluoropropene Derivatives -- 4.3g,g-Difluoroallylic Derivatives -- 4.4Fluoroacetone Derivatives -- 4.5Tetrafluoropropanol Derivatives -- 4.6Trifluoropyruvic Acid Derivatives -- 5 Four-Carbon Fluorinated Building Blocks -- 5.12-(Trifluoromethyl)propenoic Acid -- 5.2Ethyl 4,4,4-Trifluoro-2-butenoate and Related Compounds -- 5.3Ethyl 4,4,4-Trifluoro-3-oxobutanoate and Related Compounds -- 5.41,1,1-Trifluorobut-3-en-2-one and Related Compounds -- 6Larger Fluorinated Building Blocks -- 7 Transformations of Fluorinated Motifs -- 7.1Aldol and Related Reactions involving Fluoroenolates and Equivalents -- 7.2Transformations of Fluoroallylic Compounds -- 7.2.1g,g-Difluoroallylic Compounds -- 7.2.2b-Fluoroallylic Compounds -- 7.3Cycloaddition Reactions with Fluorinated Components -- 7.4Free Radical Reactions involving Fluorinated Centres -- 8Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- Electrofluorination of Organic Compounds -- 1Introduction -- 2Electrolysis in Molten Fluoride Salts or Fluoride Ion Solutions -- 2.1Alkene Derivatives -- 2.2Aromatic Compounds -- 2.3Benzylic Compound -- 2.4Aldehydic Compounds -- 2.5Compounds Containing Hetero-Atoms -- 2.6Thioacetal Compounds -- 2.7Lignins -- 2.8Cyclic Ketones -- 3Electrolysis in Molten Potassium Fluoride/HydrogenFluoride at a Porous Anode -- 3.1Equipment -- 3.2Operational Complexities -- 3.3Synthetic Utility and Mechanism -- 4Electrolysis in Anhydrous Hydrogen Fluoride at Nickel Anodes -- 4.1Chemistry to Expand the Synthetic Scope of ECF -- 4.1.1Amines -- 4.1.2Amino-Ethers -- 4.1.3Nitrogen-Containing Carboxylic Acids -- 4.1.4Sulphur Compounds -- 4.1.5Ethers -- 4.1.6Volatile Fluorocarbons -- 4.2Techniques to Improve the Performance of ECF -- 4.2.1Reaction Parameters and Cell Design -- 4.2.2Electrolyte Additives -- 4.2.3Choice of Starting Material. , 4.2.4Electrochemical Engineering and Operational Procedures -- 4.2.5Anode Construction and Corrosion Management -- 4.3Attempts to Elucidate the Mechanism of ECF -- 4.3.1The Carbocation Mechanism -- 4.3.2The Radical Mechanism -- 5References -- Author Index Volumes 151 -1 93.