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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Percutaneous liver biopsy: retrospective study over 15 years comparing 287 inpatients with 428 outpatients
    Wiley ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Vol. 24, No. 5 ( 2009-05), p. 792-799
    Details
    In: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wiley, Vol. 24, No. 5 ( 2009-05), p. 792-799
    Abstract: Background and Aim:  Liver histology still represents the gold standard for the assessment of liver inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis. The least cumbersome way of obtaining liver tissue is percutaneous liver biopsy. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the complications following liver biopsy in in‐ and outpatients and to evaluate for which patients the benefit from liver biopsy is highest. Methods:  All patients undergoing percutaneous liver biopsy at a teaching hospital between January 1990 and April 2005 were evaluated for indications, complications and impact of histology. Results:  Liver biopsy was performed in 287 inpatients and 428 outpatients with a success rate of 99.4%. The total complication rate was 6.3% in inpatients and 11% in outpatients. Only two major complications, but no deaths occurred. Pain was the main complication, especially in young patients with chronic viral hepatitis. Despite normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels advanced liver fibrosis was found in 9.3%, 2.6%, and 5.4% of all patients with HBV‐, HCV infection, and non viral liver diseases, respectively. In 3% of all patients evaluated a previously unrecognized second liver disease was found. In 21.4% of the patients alkaline phosphatase (AP) levels were elevated, and in more than 90% of these patients liver biopsy led to the final diagnosis. Conclusion:  Liver biopsy is safe in in‐ and outpatients. Biopsy is particularly helpful in patients suspected of having liver disease in spite of normal ALT levels or in patients exhibiting unexplained elevated AP levels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0815-9319 , 1440-1746
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jgh.2009.24.issue-5
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05718.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006782-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stagnant Loop Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Severe Malabsorption
    S. Karger AG ; 2013
    In:  Visceral Medicine Vol. 29, No. 3 ( 2013), p. 190-194
    Details
    In: Visceral Medicine, S. Karger AG, Vol. 29, No. 3 ( 2013), p. 190-194
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Intestinal bacterial overgrowth as a consequence of postsurgical anatomical abnormalities as well as other small bowel diseases can lead to malabsorption. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Case Report: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 A female patient had several abdominal operations due to recurrent intestinal obstructions. Initially, she presented with severe megaloblastic anaemia. Subsequently, she suffered from weight loss, diarrhoea, oedema, recurrent anaemia (despite vitamin B12 substitution), and severe malabsorption of proteins, lipids, iron, and vitamins. Vague information about the performed surgeries, an anatomy of the bowel that was difficult to interpret, and an unusual cholestasis made it difficult to reach the diagnosis of bacterial overgrowth due to a stagnant loop syndrome. Treatment with antibiotics only temporarily improved the condition of the patient. After restoring bowel continuity and after the resection of an enteroenteric fistula as well as of a bowel conglomerate, the patient did not show any further symptoms. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 The history of this patient indicates that the diagnosis of a stagnant loop syndrome may be difficult. The primary goal regarding surgically created small intestinal bacterial overgrowth should be the correction of the underlying small intestinal abnormality, whenever possible.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2297-4725 , 2297-475X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000353524
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2850734-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hepatitis E Seroprevalence and Genotyping in a Cohort of Wild Boars in Southern Germany and Eastern Alsace
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2018
    In:  Food and Environmental Virology Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2018-6), p. 167-175
    Details
    In: Food and Environmental Virology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2018-6), p. 167-175
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1867-0334 , 1867-0342
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s12560-017-9329-x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487173-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Are heat stroke and physical exhaustion underestimated causes of acute hepatic failure?
    Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. ; 2007
    In:  World Journal of Gastroenterology Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2007), p. 306-
    Details
    In: World Journal of Gastroenterology, Baishideng Publishing Group Inc., Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2007), p. 306-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1007-9327
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i2.306
    Language: English
    Publisher: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2084831-6
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ribavirin Improves NK Cell IFNγ Response During Sofosbuvir-based DAA Therapy in HCV-infected Liver Transplant Recipients
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2021
    In:  Transplantation Vol. 105, No. 10 ( 2021-10), p. 2226-2238
    Details
    In: Transplantation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 105, No. 10 ( 2021-10), p. 2226-2238
    Abstract: Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is characterized by activation of natural killer (NK) cells. Here, we asked whether HCV elimination by sofosbuvir-based direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and the addition of ribavirin (RBV) improve NK cell function in liver transplant (LTx) recipients. Methods. We analyzed NK cell degranulation and interferon (IFN)γ-response along with STAT1 and STAT4 phosphorylation in 29 HCV-infected LTx recipients and 17 HCV-infected patients during DAA treatment. Results. Compared with uninfected LTx recipients, NK cells from HCV-infected LTx recipients were polarized toward cytotoxicity with increased CD107a-degranulation (10.1% versus 14.6%; P  = 0.0263) and reduced capacity to produce IFNγ (43.0% versus 26.7%; P  = 0.0002). The altered phenotype of NK cells in HCV-infected LTx recipients was accompanied by increased STAT1 (44.6% versus 87.4%; P  〈   0.0001) and STAT1 phosphorylation (0.7% versus 8.9%; P  = 0.0005) compared with pSTAT4 IFNα-induction (29.9% versus 17.6%; P  = 0.0014). Successful DAA therapy did not affect CD107a-degranulation but decreased STAT1. RBV cotreatment with DAA therapy for HCV increased CD56 Bright NK cell IFNγ-responses in LTx recipients (70.9% versus 89.2%; P  = 0.002), and this correlated to an increase in the inducibility of pSTAT4 (MFI 157 versus 173; P  = 0.0002). Conclusions. RBV cotreatment of HCV infection improved pSTAT4-dependent IFNγ-production in NK cells. This is relevant especially for immunocompromised patients such as LTx recipients or patients with end-stage liver disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0041-1337
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/TP.0000000000003612
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2035395-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prognostic Value of Standard Parameters as Predictors for Long-Term Renal Replacement Therapy after Liver Transplantation
    S. Karger AG ; 2011
    In:  Nephron Clinical Practice Vol. 119, No. 4 ( 2011-11-8), p. c342-c347
    Details
    In: Nephron Clinical Practice, S. Karger AG, Vol. 119, No. 4 ( 2011-11-8), p. c342-c347
    Abstract: Chronic kidney disease has become increasingly prevalent after liver transplantation (LTPL) because outcome and survival rates have improved. Chronic kidney insufficiency is most likely associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The challenge is to identify patients who will be in need of long-term renal replacement therapy (RRT) after LTPL. We analyzed 208 liver transplant recipients with respect to mortality, associated laboratory values, underlying liver disease, immunosuppressive protocol and the need for RRT. Long-term RRT was defined by the need for RRT 3 months after LTPL. Altogether, 5.8% of the surviving study patients remained in need of RRT 3 months after LTPL. All of these patients continued to need RRT throughout the study period (2 years). The need for RRT significantly increased the 2-year mortality rate 4.3-fold, from 15.4 to 66.7% (p = 0.004). Comparison of laboratory and clinical parameters at the time of LTPL revealed no significant differences for creatinine, albumin and MDRD between patients undergoing hemodialysis 3 months after LTPL and patients without RRT. Comparing mean urea, a difference was observed. However, multivariate regression analyses using easy-to-observe demographic or laboratory parameters failed to generate a model to predict the need for RRT after LTPL. In addition, a comparison of underlying liver disease and immunosuppressive regimes identified no significant differences. Taken together, patients who were on hemodialysis 3 months after LTPL were also on hemodialysis 2 years after LTPL or until death. RRT 3 months after LTPL may predict the risk for chronic renal insufficiency and is associated with significantly increased mortality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-2110
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000331072
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2098336-0
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Predicting Early Viral Control under DAA Therapy for Chronic HCV Using Pretreatment Immunological Markers
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2018
    In:  Transplantation Vol. 102, No. Supplement 7 ( 2018-07), p. S680-S681
    Details
    In: Transplantation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 102, No. Supplement 7 ( 2018-07), p. S680-S681
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0041-1337
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000543625.94179.21
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2035395-9
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_1.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2018
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 9 ( 2018-2-7)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2018-2-7)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00146
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00146.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rapid Decline of Serum Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 (PCSK9) in Non-Cirrhotic Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection Receiving Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 10, No. 8 ( 2021-04-11), p. 1621-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 8 ( 2021-04-11), p. 1621-
    Abstract: Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) efficiently eradicate the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels increase rapidly upon DAA treatment. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) induces degradation of the hepatic LDL receptor and thereby elevates serum LDL. The aim of this study was to determine serum PCSK9 concentrations during and after DAA therapy to identify associations with LDL levels. Serum PCSK9 was increased in 82 chronic HCV-infected patients compared to 55 patients not infected with HCV. Serum PCSK9 was low in HCV patients with liver cirrhosis, but patients with HCV-induced liver cirrhosis still exhibited higher serum PCSK9 than patients with non-viral liver cirrhosis. Serum PCSK9 correlated with measures of liver injury and inflammation in cirrhotic HCV patients. In patients without liver cirrhosis, a positive association of serum PCSK9 with viral load existed. Serum PCSK9 was not different between viral genotypes. Serum PCSK9 did not correlate with LDL levels in HCV patients irrespective of cirrhotic status. Serum PCSK9 was reduced, and LDL was increased at four weeks after DAA therapy start in non-cirrhotic HCV patients. Serum PCSK9 and LDL did not change upon DAA treatment in the cirrhotic group. The rapid decline of PCSK9 after the start of DAA therapy in conjunction with raised LDL levels in non-cirrhotic HCV patients shows that these changes are not functionally related.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081621
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Differential expression of viral pathogen-associated molecular pattern receptors mRNA in Egyptian chronic hepatitis C virus patients
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Details
    In: Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: One possible mechanism utilized by hepatitis C virus (HCV) to escape from the host’s innate immune surveillance is modification of its pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by altering or hiding its RNA which interfering with toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling and ultimately hindering the production of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and interferons (IFNs). This study aimed to examine the expression levels of TLR3, TLR7, and IFN-α to investigate the correlated expression pattern among them in chronic HCV patients. Patients included in this study were categorized into two different groups, non-treated chronic HCV patients and treated chronic HCV patients, in addition to healthy volunteers as a control group. The blood samples were assessed for HCVAb, HCVRNA, HCV genotypes, and different biochemical analyses. The mRNA levels of TLR3, TLR7, and IFN-α in peripheral blood of chronic HCV patients were quantitatively measured in comparison to healthy controls. Results The expression levels of TLR3, TLR7, and IFN-α were significantly downregulated in non-treated chronic HCV patients compared to both treated HCV patients and control subjects. On the other hand, treated HCV patients showed non-significant downregulation of the same three sensing receptors (TLR3, TLR7, and IFN-α) compared to control group. Obviously, the expression levels of IFN-α were positively correlated with the levels of both TLR3 and TLR7. Conclusion The exhausted innate immunity against HCV may correlate to HCV downregulation of TLR3 and TLR7 expression on innate immune cells with a subsequent decrease in INF-α production and the possibility of targeting these receptors to enhance the immune response and clear the infection needs further studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2090-2441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s43042-021-00133-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2515357-2
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