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  • 1
    In: Contemporary Clinical Trials, Elsevier BV, Vol. 109 ( 2021-10), p. 106519-
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1551-7144
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Elsevier BV
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 2176813-4
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    In: Clinical Trials, SAGE Publications, Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2017-06), p. 286-298
    Kurzfassung: Racial/ethnic minority groups remain underrepresented in clinical trials. Many strategies to increase minority recruitment focus on minority communities and emphasize common diseases such as hypertension. Scant literature focuses on minority recruitment to trials of less common conditions, often conducted in specialty clinics and dependent on physician referrals. We identified trust/mistrust of specialist physician investigators and institutions conducting medical research and consequent participant reluctance to participate in clinical trials as key-shared barriers across racial/ethnic groups. We developed a trust-based continuous quality improvement intervention to build trust between specialist physician investigators and community minority-serving physicians and ultimately potential trial participants. To avoid the inherent biases of non-randomized studies, we evaluated the intervention in the national Randomized Recruitment Intervention Trial (RECRUIT). This report presents the design of RECRUIT. Specialty clinic follow-up continues through April 2017. Methods: We hypothesized that specialist physician investigators and coordinators trained in the trust-based continuous quality improvement intervention would enroll a greater proportion of minority participants in their specialty clinics than specialist physician investigators in control specialty clinics. Specialty clinic was the unit of randomization. Using continuous quality improvement, the specialist physician investigators and coordinators tailored recruitment approaches to their specialty clinic characteristics and populations. Primary analyses were adjusted for clustering by specialty clinic within parent trial and matching covariates. Results: RECRUIT was implemented in four multi-site clinical trials (parent trials) supported by three National Institutes of Health institutes and included 50 associated specialty clinics from these parent trials. Using current data, we have 88% power or greater to detect a 0.15 or greater difference from the currently observed control proportion adjusting for clustering. We detected no differences in baseline matching criteria between intervention and control specialty clinics (all p values  〉  0.17). Conclusion: RECRUIT was the first multi-site randomized control trial to examine the effectiveness of a trust-based continuous quality improvement intervention to increase minority recruitment into clinical trials. RECRUIT’s innovations included its focus on building trust between specialist investigators and minority-serving physicians, the use of continuous quality improvement to tailor the intervention to each specialty clinic’s specific racial/ethnic populations and barriers to minority recruitment, and the use of specialty clinics from more than one parent multi-site trial to increase generalizability. The effectiveness of the RECRUIT intervention will be determined after the completion of trial data collection and planned analyses.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1740-7745 , 1740-7753
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2017
    ZDB Id: 2159773-X
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2008
    In:  Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2008-04-01), p. 758-767
    In: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2008-04-01), p. 758-767
    Kurzfassung: Valid and reliable self-report measures of cancer screening behaviors are important for evaluating efforts to improve adherence to guidelines. We evaluated test-retest reliability and validity of self-report of the fecal occult blood test (FOBT), sigmoidoscopy (SIG), colonoscopy (COL), and barium enema (BE) using the National Cancer Institute colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) questionnaire. A secondary objective was to evaluate reliability and validity by mail, telephone, and face-to-face survey administration modes. Consenting men and women, 51 to 74 years old, receiving care at a multispecialty clinic for at least 5 years who had not been diagnosed with colorectal cancer were stratified by prior CRCS status and randomized to survey mode (n = 857). Within survey mode, respondents were randomized to complete a second survey at 2 weeks, 3 months, or 6 months. Comparing self-report with administrative and medical records, concordance estimates were 0.91 for COL, 0.85 for FOBT, 0.85 for SIG, and 0.92 for BE. Overall sensitivity estimates were 0.91 for COL, 0.82 for FOBT, 0.76 for SIG, and 0.56 for BE. Specificity estimates were 0.91 for COL, 0.86 for FOBT, 0.89 for SIG, and 0.97 for BE. Sensitivity and specificity varied little by survey mode for any test. Report-to-records ratio showed overreporting for SIG (1.1), COL (1.15), and FOBT (1.57), and underreporting for BE (0.82). Reliability at all time intervals was highest for COL; there was no consistent pattern according to survey mode. This study provides evidence to support the use of the National Cancer Institute CRCS questionnaire to assess self-report with any of the three survey modes. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(4):758–67)
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1055-9965 , 1538-7755
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publikationsdatum: 2008
    ZDB Id: 2036781-8
    ZDB Id: 1153420-5
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    In: Preventive Medicine, Elsevier BV, Vol. 54, No. 6 ( 2012-06), p. 405-407
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0091-7435
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Elsevier BV
    Publikationsdatum: 2012
    ZDB Id: 1471564-8
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Elsevier BV ; 1987
    In:  Preventive Medicine Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 1987-1), p. 107-118
    In: Preventive Medicine, Elsevier BV, Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 1987-1), p. 107-118
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0091-7435
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Elsevier BV
    Publikationsdatum: 1987
    ZDB Id: 1471564-8
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2010
    In:  Cancer Prevention Research Vol. 3, No. 12_Supplement ( 2010-12-01), p. B15-B15
    In: Cancer Prevention Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 3, No. 12_Supplement ( 2010-12-01), p. B15-B15
    Kurzfassung: Because obesity increases the risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), efficient and sustainable interventions are needed to promote colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) among obese individuals. A novel approach would be to empower members of Internet weight loss communities to promote CRCS screening among other members by sharing personal narratives about CRCS experiences or providing navigational guidance through the healthcare system to undergo CRCS. However, feasibility and acceptability of this strategy have not been evaluated. Therefore, we conducted an online survey of members of an Internet weight loss community who were eligible for CRCS to assess: CRCS status (colonoscopy within 10 years, sigmoidoscopy within 5 years, or fecal occult blood test within 1 year was considered up-to-date with CRCS); predictors of CRCS; stage of change for CRCS; attitudes towards CRCS (4-point Likert-type items — strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree); and interest in an intervention featuring narratives or navigation. The 2508 respondents were primarily female (92%) and white (90%). Sixty-eight percent were up-to-date with CRCS, mostly by colonoscopy. Being up-to-date with CRCS was associated with male gender, older age, lower body mass index, being married, Bachelor's degree education, healthcare provider's CRCS recommendation, other cancer screening in the past year, primary care visit in the past year, health insurance, and non-smoking. Among those not up-to-date with CRCS, taking steps to be screened for CRC (compared to earlier stages) was associated with a one point increase in scores for social influence of others (OR = 7.5, 95% CI: 4.5-12.6), perceived salience of CRCS (OR = 5.1, 95% CI: 3.1-8.5), self-efficacy for navigating the healthcare system (OR = 3.8, 95% CI: 2.3-6.2), self-efficacy for CRCS (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.4-2.9), and perceived susceptibility to CRC (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-3.1). Considering CRCS within 6 months or taking steps to be screened (compared to earlier stages) was associated with a one point increase in scores for social influence of others (OR = 12.2, 95% CI: 7.8-19.1), perceived salience of CRCS (OR = 5.8, 95% CI: 4.1-8.3), self-efficacy for navigating the healthcare system (OR = 3.7, 95% CI: 2.6-5.3), perceived susceptibility to CRC (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.7-3.5), perceived efficacy of CRCS (OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.6-3.0), self-efficacy for CRCS (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2-2.0), and CRC worries (OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1-1.6). Among those not up-to-date, 63% were interested in learning about other members’ CRCS narratives and 36% were interested in receiving navigational guidance for undergoing CRCS. Among those who were up-to-date, 39% were interested in promoting CRCS by sharing narratives and 37% by providing navigational guidance. In conclusion, leveraging social relationships within Internet weight loss communities may be a feasible and acceptable strategy for promoting CRCS among obese individuals. Results inform how we could tailor the intervention according to demographic characteristics and healthcare experiences; target specific attitudes; and utilize narratives and navigational guidance. Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(12 Suppl):B15.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1940-6207 , 1940-6215
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publikationsdatum: 2010
    ZDB Id: 2422346-3
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    In: JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting, JMIR Publications Inc., Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-2-21), p. e30340-
    Kurzfassung: Human papillomavirus (HPV)-attributed cancers are preventable, yet HPV vaccination rates severely lag behind other adolescent vaccinations. HPVcancerFree (HPVCF) is a mobile health (mHealth) intervention developed to influence parental HPV vaccination decision making by raising awareness of HPV, reducing HPV vaccination barriers, and enabling HPV vaccination scheduling and reminders through a smartphone app. Evaluating the user experience of mHealth interventions is a vital component in assessing their quality and success but tends to be underreported in mHealth intervention evaluation. Objective We aimed to evaluate the user experience of HPVCF, an HPV cancer prevention app designed for a pediatric clinic network, using mixed methods data collected from log files, survey measures, and qualitative feedback. Methods Study data were evaluated from parents in a large US pediatric clinic network using HPVCF in the treatment study condition of a group randomized controlled trial. Log data captured HPVCF retention and use. Postintervention rating scales and items assessed HPVCF utility, usefulness, understandability, appeal, credibility, and perceived impact. Overall quality was evaluated using the user version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale (uMars). Open-ended responses assessed parent recommendations for HPVCF enhancement. Results The 98 parents were mainly female (n=94, 96%), 41 (5.67) years of age, college educated (n=55, 56%), and White and non-Hispanic (n=55, 56%) and had private health insurance for their children (n=75, 77%). Parents used HPVCF 197 times, with the average visit duration approximating 3.5 minutes. The uMARS app quality score was positively skewed (4.2/5.0). Mean ratings were highest for information (4.46 [SD 0.53]) and lowest for engagement (3.74 [SD 0.69] ). In addition, of 95 parents, 45 (47%) rated HPVCF as helpful in HPV vaccination decision making and 16 (17%) attributed HPV vaccine initiation to HPVCF. Parents reported that HPVCF increased their awareness (84/95, 88%), knowledge (84/95, 88%), and HPV vaccination intentions (64/95, 67%). Most of the 98 parents rated the 4 HPVCF components as useful (72-92 [73%-94%]). Parents also agreed that HPVCF is clear (86/95, 91%), accurate (86/95, 91%), and more helpful than other HPV vaccine information they had received (89/95, 94%) and that they would recommend it to others (81/95, 85%). In addition, parents suggested ways to increase awareness and engagement with the app, along with opportunities to enhance the content and functionality. Conclusions HPVCF was well received by parents and performed well on indicators of quality, usefulness, utility, credibility, and perceived impact. This study contributes a multimethod and multimeasure evaluation to the growing body of literature focused on assessing the user experience of patient-focused technology-mediated applications for HPV education.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2561-6722
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: JMIR Publications Inc.
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 3006999-3
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    In: Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 18, No. 5 ( 2022-11-30)
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2164-5515 , 2164-554X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Informa UK Limited
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2664177-X
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    In: Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2023-01-02)
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2164-5515 , 2164-554X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Informa UK Limited
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 2664177-X
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    American Public Health Association ; 2003
    In:  American Journal of Public Health Vol. 93, No. 5 ( 2003-05), p. 779-785
    In: American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, Vol. 93, No. 5 ( 2003-05), p. 779-785
    Kurzfassung: Objectives. This study examined knowledge about prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening among African Americans and Whites. Because PSA screening for prostate cancer is controversial, professional organizations recommend informed consent for screening. Methods. Men (n = 304) attending outpatient clinics were surveyed for their knowledge about and experience with screening. Results. Most men did not know the key facts about screening with PSA. African Americans appeared less knowledgeable than Whites, but these differences were mediated by differences in educational level and experience with prostate cancer screening. Conclusions. Public health efforts to improve informed consent for prostate cancer screening should focus on highlighting the key facts and developing different approaches for men at different levels of formal education and prior experience with screening.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0090-0036 , 1541-0048
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: American Public Health Association
    Publikationsdatum: 2003
    ZDB Id: 2054583-6
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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