Keywords:
Groundwater flow.
;
Electronic books.
Description / Table of Contents:
This volume provides a thorough overview of gravity-driven groundwater flow from one of the founding fathers of the field. Emphasizing groundwater flow as a fundamental geologic agent, the book examines the history, principles, scientific consequences and practical utilization, illustrated with diverse examples and supplemented by an extensive glossary.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (311 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9780511532757
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=433076
DDC:
551.49
Language:
English
Note:
Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 The subject matter: definition, history, study methods -- 1.2 Portrayal of groundwater flow-systems -- 1.2.1 Darcy's experiment and Law -- 1.2.2 Fluid-dynamic parameters -- 1.2.2.1 Fluid potential, phi, and hydraulic head, h -- 1.2.2.2 Pore pressure vertical pressure-gradient and dynamic pressure-increment -- 1.2.3 The Laplace and diffusion equations -- 2 The `Unit Basin' -- 2.1 The basic flow pattern -- 2.2 Basic patterns of fluid-dynamic parameters -- 2.2.1 Pore pressure: p -- 2.2.2 Vertical pressure-gradient: dp/ dd=-dp/dz =y: pressure-vs.-depth or p(d)-profile -- 2.2.3 Dynamic pressure increment: Delta p -- 3 Flow patterns in composite and heterogeneous basins -- 3.1 Effects of basin geometry -- 3.1.1 Effect of water-table configuration -- 3.1.1.1 Effects of undulations of the water table -- 3.1.1.2 Effects of the regional slope and local relief of the water table -- 3.1.2 Effect of basin depth -- 3.1.3 Zijl's analysis of the scales of water-table relief, depths of flow-system penetration, and relation between spatial and temporal scales -- 3.1.4 Effects of major regional land-form types -- 3.2 Effects of basin geology -- 3.2.1 Effects of stratification -- 3.2.1.1 Two-layer cases -- 3.2.1.2 Three-layer cases. -- 3.2.1.3 Sloping beds outcropping at the land surface -- 3.2.2 Effects of lenses -- 3.2.2.1 Basin-scale effects of lenticular rock bodies -- 3.2.2.2 Lens-scale effects of lenticular rock bodies -- 3.2.3 Effects of faults -- 3.2.3.1 Barrier faults -- 3.2.3.2 Conduit faults -- 3.2.4 Effects of anisotropy -- 3.3 Effects of temporal changes in the water table: transient pore pressures and flow systems -- 3.3.1 Time lag and time scales in pore-pressure adjustment -- 3.3.2 Effect on basinal flow patterns.
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3.4 Hydraulic continuity: principle and concept -- 3.4.1 The concept of regional hydraulic continuity -- 3.4.1.1 Evolution of the concept -- 3.4.1.2 Additional arguments in support of regional hydraulic continuity -- 3.4.2 Consequences of regional hydraulic continuity -- 3.4.2.1 Regionally extensive groundwater flow systems -- 3.4.2.2 Systematic distribution of matter and heat: the geologic agency of groundwater -- 3.4.2.3 Hydraulic interdependence of different basinal regions and hydrologic components -- 3.4.3 Conclusions -- 4 Gravity flow of groundwater: a geologic agent -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The basic causes -- 4.2.1 In-situ interaction between groundwater and its environment -- 4.2.2 Flow: a mechanism of systematic transport and distribution -- 4.2.3 Ubiquity and simultaneity -- 4.3 The main processes -- 4.3.1 Chemical processes -- 4.3.2 Physical processes -- 4.3.3 Kinetic or transport processes -- 4.4 Manifestations -- 4.4.1 The hydrogeologic environment -- 4.4.2 Types of manifestations -- 4.4.2.1 Hydrology and hydraulics -- 4.4.2.2 Chemistry and mineralogy -- 4.4.2.3 Vegetation -- 4.4.2.4 Soil and rock mechanics -- 4.4.2.5 Geomorphology -- 4.4.2.6 Transport and accumulation -- 4.5 Summary -- 5 Practical applications: case studies and histories -- 5.1 Characterization and portrayal of regional hydrogeologic conditions -- 5.1.1 The hydrogeological reconnaissance maps of alberta, canada -- 5.1.2 The hydrogeological map of Australia (M=1:5000000) -- 5.1.3 `Hydrologic Investigations: Atlas HA-339', NW Minnesota -- USGS -- 5.1.4 Protection and restoration of wetland ecosystems based on groundwater flow-system analysis, the Netherlands -- 5.1.5 Environmental management of groundwater basins, Japan -- 5.2 Effects of recharge-discharge area characteristics on groundwater-related practical problems.
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5.2.1 Location and development of a municipal groundwater supply, Olds, Alberta, Canada -- 5.2.2 Underestimated rates for required dewatering, and land subsidence at lignite mine in discharge area, Neyveli, Tamil Nadu, India -- 5.2.3 Failure of a municipal sewage lagoon built on local recharge area, Brooks, Alberta, Canada -- 5.2.4 Deep penetration of contaminants in recharge areas and saltwater up-coning in discharge areas, central Netherlands -- 5.2.5 Transport of phosphorous by groundwater into Narrow Lake from near-shore recharge areas Alberta, Canada -- 5.2.6 Cause and reclamation of liquefied ground, Trochu, Alberta, Canada -- 5.2.7 Groundwater flow and heat-flow anomalies: assessing low-enthalpy geothermal potential, northern Switzerland -- 5.2.8 Increased susceptibility of slopes to failure in discharge areas: theoretical analysis -- 5.2.9 Analysis and mitigation of land-slide danger, Campo Vallemaggia, Switzerland -- 5.2.10 Groundwater flow systems and eco-hydrological conditions: study of the effects of land-use changes -- 5.3 Site-selection for repositories of high-level nuclear-fuel waste: examples for groundwater flow-system studies -- 5.3.1 Canada: the Recharge Area Concept (AECL: Atomic Energy ofCanada, Ltd) -- 5.3.2 Sweden: (Swedish Nuclear Fuel Supply Co/Division Kärn-Bränsle-Säkerhet: SKBF/KBS) -- 5.3.3 Switzerland: Nagra (Nationale Genossenschaft für die Lagerung radioaktiver Abfälle) -- 5.3.4 U.S.A: Palo Duro Basin, Texas -- 5.4 Interpretation and utilization of observed deviations from theoretical patterns of gravity-driven groundwater flow -- 5.4.1 Highly permeable rock pods -- 5.4.2 Hydraulic barriers to flow -- 5.4.3 Abrupt change in chemistry across flow-system boundary -- 5.4.4 Identifying mechanisms of subhydrostatic pore-pressure generation -- 5.5 Exploration for petroleum and metallic minerals.
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5.5.1 The hydraulic theory of petroleum migration and its application to exploration -- 5.6 Potential role of flow-system analysis in surface geochemical prospecting -- 5.6.1 Exploration for uranium deposits by groundwater flow-system analysis -- 5.6.2 Gravity-driven flow systems and strata-bound ore deposits -- 6 Gravitational systems of groundwater flow and the science of hydrogeology -- Glossary -- References -- Appendices -- A Appendix A -- A Appendix B -- Index.
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