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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Perspectives in Carbonate Geology : A Tribute to the Career of Robert Nathan Ginsburg. (2009)
    Newark :John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,
    Details
    Keywords: Carbonate rocks. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (402 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781444312058
    Series Statement: International Association of Sedimentologists Series ; v.98
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=700641
    DDC: 552.58
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Perspectives in Carbonate Geology: a Tribute to the Career of Robert Nathan Ginsburg -- Contents -- Preface -- Dedication to Robert N. Ginsburg -- Depth-related and species-related patterns of Holocene reef accretion in the Caribbean and western Atlantic: a critical assessment of existing models -- The mystique of beachrock -- A re-evaluation of facies on Great Bahama Bank I: new facies maps of western Great Bahama Bank -- A re-evaluation of facies on Great Bahama Bank II: variations in the δ13C, δ18O and mineralogy of surface sediments -- Stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen in modern sediments of carbonate platforms, barrier reefs, atolls and ramps: patterns and implications -- A tale of two storms: an integrated field, remote sensing and modelling study examining the impact of hurricanes Frances and Jeanne on carbonate systems, Bahamas -- Rapid recycling of organic-rich carbonates during transgression: a complex coastal system in southwest Florida -- The paradoxical occurrence of oolitic limestone on the eastern islands of Great Bahama Bank: where do the ooids come from? -- Calcareous epiphyte production in cool-water carbonate seagrass depositional environments - southern Australia -- Microbes versus metazoans as dominant reef builders: insights from modern marine environments in the Exuma Cays, Bahamas -- Microbial dolomite precipitation under aerobic conditions: results from Brejo do Espinho Lagoon (Brazil) and culture experiments -- Karst sub-basins and their relationship to the transport of Tertiary siliciclastic sediments on the Florida Platform -- Controls on facies mosaics of carbonate platforms: a case study from the Oxfordian of the Swiss Jura -- The allocyclic interpretation of the 'Latemar Cycles' (Middle Triassic, the Dolomites, Italy) and implications for high-frequency cyclostratigraphic forcing. , Phylloid algal mounds in the Paradox Basin, southwestern USA: an alternative to the in situ constructional growth model? -- The Cincinnati Arch: a stationary peripheral bulge during the Late Ordovician -- Reinterpreting a Proterozoic enigma: Conophyton-Jacutophyton stromatolites of the Mesoproterozoic Atar Group, Mauritania -- Layering: what does it mean? -- Falling-stage systems tract in tropical carbonate rocks -- Early load-induced fracturing in a prograding carbonate margin -- Markov models for linking environments and facies in space and time (recent Arabian Gulf, Miocene Paratethys) -- Evaluating validity and reliability in high-resolution stratigraphic analysis -- Index.
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    GEOMAR EBL
  • 2
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    Analytical Artefacts Preclude Reliable Isotope Ratio Measurement of Internal Water in Coral Skeletons (2022)
    de Graaf, Stefan ; Vonhof, Hubert B. ; Reijmer, John J. G. ; [et al.]
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-01
    Description: Internal water in cold‐water and tropical coral skeletons was extracted and measured for its oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios. Water was extracted by crushing pieces of coral hard tissue in a percussion device connected to either a cavity ring‐down spectroscopy (CRDS) system or an isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) system. Despite most samples yielding sufficient water, each analytical system produces distinct isotope patterns. Experiments show that several characteristics specific to biominerals give rise to discrepancies and analytical artefacts that preclude the acquisition of reproducible isotope data. The main complication is that internal water in biogenic carbonates is distributed in an open interconnected micro‐network that readily exchanges with external water and potentially facilitates interaction with hydration water in the finely dispersed organic matrix in the coral skeleton. Furthermore, only an isotopically fractionated part of the internal water is released from the coral skeletons upon crushing. Altogether, isotope ratio measurement of internal water in corals with bulk crushing techniques does not give primary fluid isotope ratios useful for (palaeo‐)environmental or microbiological studies. As the resulting isotope patterns can show systematic behaviour per technique, isotope data may be erroneously interpreted to reflect the original calcifying fluid when using only a single technique to isotopically characterise internal fluids in coral skeletons.
    Description: Key Points: Free water trapped inside coral skeletons was extracted and isotopically analyzed on two commonly used techniques for fluid inclusion isotope analysis. Measured oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios do not reproduce between the techniques due to several analytical artefacts. The water extracted from coral skeletons is not of primary origin.
    Description: Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003246
    Description: Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009106
    Keywords: ddc:551.9
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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    CITATION GEO-LEO
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calibration of the ion microprobe for the quantitative determination of strontium, iron, manganese, and magnesium in carbonate minerals (1990)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 62 (1990), S. 722-728 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00206a015
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagenetic processes in Holocene carbonate sediments: Florida Bay mudbanks and islands (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Sedimentology 39 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3091
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: The sedimentology, mineralogy and pore fluid chemistry of seven cores from the Holocene sediments of Florida Bay were studied to determine the physical processes and diagenetic reactions affecting the sediments. The cores were taken in a transect from a shallow mudbank onto a small adjacent island, Jimmy Key. Steady state models of pore fluid chemistry are used to estimate the rates of various reactions.In the mudbank sediments, little carbonate mineral diagenesis is taking place. No change in sediment mineralogy is detectable and pore water profiles of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Sr2+ show only minor variation. Chloride concentrations indicate substantial biological mixing of seawater from the bay into the sediments in one of the cores. Pore water analyses of sulphate and alkalinity show only a low degree of sulphate depletion and a decreasing extent of sulphate reduction downcore. Models of sulphate reduction in the mudbank show that there is substantial chemical exchange between the sediment pore fluids and water from the bay probably as a result of bio-irrigation. The sulphate and alkalinity data also suggest that the underlying Pleistocene rocks contain water of near normal seawater composition.Stratigraphic analysis and δ13C analyses of the organic carbon in the sediments of the island cores show that the sediments were primarily deposited in a subtidal mudbank setting; only the upper 20–30 cm is supratidal in origin. Nevertheless, island formation had a significant effect on pore fluid chemistry and the types of diagenetic reactions throughout the sediment column. Chloride in the sediment pore fluids is more than twice the normal seawater concentrations over most of the depth of the cores. The constant, elevated chloride concentrations indicate that hypersaline fluids which formed in ponds on the island are advected downward through the sediments. Models of the chloride profiles yield an estimate of 2·5 cm yr−1 as a minimum advective velocity. Changes in pore water chemistry with depth are interpreted as indicating the following sequence of reactions: (1) minor high-Mg calcite dissolution and low-Mg calcite precipitation, from 0 to 35 cm; (2) Ca- or Mg-sulphate dissolution and low-Mg calcite precipitation, from 5 to 35 cm; (3) dolomite or magnesite precipitation together with sulphate reduction, from 35 to 55 cm; and (4) little reaction below 55 cm. In addition, one or more as yet unidentified reactions must be taking place from 5 to 55 cm depth as an imbalance in possible sources and sinks of alkalinity is observed. The imbalance could be explained if chloride is not completely conservative. Despite the pore fluid chemical evidence for diagenetic reactions involving carbonate minerals, no changes in sediment mineralogy were detected in X-ray diffraction analyses, probably because of the comparatively young age of the island.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1992.tb01039.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Textural and geochemical alternations in Late Cenozoic Bahamian dolomites (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Sedimentology 35 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3091
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Dolomitized intervals of a core from San Salvador Island, Bahamas, exhibit variations of two texturally and geochemically distinct end-members. In the Pliocene section of the dolomitized interval, the two end-members alternate in a pattern that may reflect originally and/or diagenetically modified depositional facies. Formerly mud-free intervals, locally capped by exposure surfaces are massive crystalline, mimetic dolomites (CM). Muddier sediments are replaced by friable microsucrosic dolomites (MS). CM and MS dolomites also differ in porosity (〈 10% vs 〉 30%), permeability (〈 10 md vs 〉 100 md), mol% MgCO3 (44–9 vs 47–7) mol%), oxygen isotopic composition (1–7 vs 2–7‰) and strontium content (241 vs 106 ppm).These data indicate that depositional and diagenetic fabric are the principal controls governing the distribution of dolomite types. Differences in texture and geochemistry are suggested as arising through differential rates of crystallization produced as a result of variations in permeability and reactivity of the precursor sediments and rocks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1988.tb00993.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of prolonged “bleaching” on skeletal banding and stable isotopic composition in Montastrea annularis (1991)
    Springer
    Coral reefs 10 (1991), S. 19-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0975
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract X-radiography and carbon and oxygen stable isotope analysis have been used to examine the effects of prolonged “bleaching” on the growth rate and chemical composition of the skeleton of the massive reef coral, Montastrea annularis. The post-bleaching linear growth of one colony that remained bleached for 10 to 12 months following the 1987 Caribbean-wide bleaching event was only 37% of mean annual growth from pre-bleaching years, and was manifest as a loss of the following year's low density band. Two colonies that did not bleach (normal) and two that bleached and regained their coloration (recovered) had linear growth rates over the same period that were 81 to 98% of mean pre-bleaching annual growth. Linear growth by a third recovered coral was 66% of pre-bleaching growth. No sub-annual stress bands were associated with the bleaching. The skeleton of the bleached colony had carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions that were reduced in range and enriched (increased) in both 13C and 18O in the post-bleaching year. The skeletons of two of the nine colonies, one bleached and one recovered, had depleted (reduced) δ18O values (-5.3 and -4.8%., respectively) during the bleaching episode that agree with the suggestion that positive temperature anomalies occurred during, and may have caused, the bleaching event. The range and values for all other normal and recovered corals, however, were not different between the post-bleaching year and previous years. Our data suggest that stress bands and isotopic analysis of coral skeletons may not always be reliable tools for examining the occurrence, cause or effects of certain discrete stress events that may interrupt skeletal growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301902
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
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    Constraints and interpretation of 87Sr/86Sr ratios in Cenozoic dolomites (1988)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters, 15 (4). pp. 385-388.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-10
    Description: Replacement dolomitization by seawater has been modeled in order to quantify the Sr-isotope signature in Cenozoic dolomites as a function of precursor mineralogy and 87Sr/86Sr ratio, reaction stoichiometry and 87Sr/86Sr ratio of the dolomitizing fluids. High Sr carbonates, such as aragonite, may introduce a significant precursor memory into an otherwise seawater dominated Sr-isotope signature if small quantities of seawater per unit volume of precursor carbonate are involved. Dolomitization of low Sr carbonates (i.e. low-Mg calcite) are shown to create an isotopic signature indistinguishable from that of the seawater involved in the reaction. Therefore, by comparison with the Sr-isotope evolution curve of seawater, the- 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the dolomites can be used to record the oldest possible age of dolomitization and the youngest age of deposition. The implications for this approach have been applied to data obtained from a dolomitized core from Little Bahama Bank, Bahamas. Two periods of dolomitization are recognized, one in the early Late Miocene involving Middle Miocene or older rocks, and a second one around 2.4 Ma ago affecting early Pliocene carbonates.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/GL015i004p00385
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    A re-evaluation of facies on Great Bahama Bank II: variations in the δ13C, δ18O and mineralogy of surface sediments (2009)
    Blackwell
    In:  In: Perspectives in carbonate geology: a tribute to the career of Robert Nathan Ginsburg. , ed. by Swart, P. K. Special publication / International Association of Sedimentologists, 41 . Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 47-59.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-17
    Description: In order to investigate the spatial distribution of ö13C and 8180 of modern carbonate sedirnents on Great Baharna Bank, -290 surface sarnples were collected from a grid of stations approximately 10 km apart between 2001 and 2004. These samples were classified using a modified Dunham scheme, physically separated into six size fractions and subsequently analysed for their mineralogy (aragonite, low-Mg calcite and high-Mg calcite) and 813C and 8180 values. A striking feature of these data is the relatively positive 813C values of all the samples. Based on measurements of 813C and 8180 of the dissolved inorganic carbon and the water, most of the sediments can be considered tobe in C and O isotopic equilibrium with the arnbient waters. The high ö13C values are suggested to arise frorn isotopic enrichment of the dissolved inorganic carbon pool by photosynthesis of seagrasses, benthic algae and cyanobacteria on the platform and through the fractionation of HC03 - during the precipitation of calcium carbonate. Sediments that are not in C and O isotopic equilibriurn are dorninated more by skeletal material. The data showed an absence of significant spatial variation in 813C of the sediments on the Great Bahama Bank and no clear spatial patterns relative to the margin of the platform. The 8180 of the sediment showed more variation, with the interior sediments being isotopically enriched relative to the platform margin. The absence of signi.ficant variations in the ö13C in the modern surface sediments of Great Baharna Bank irrespective of facies type suggests that in the case of Great Baharna Bank, downcore variations in ö13C cannot be related to changes in facies.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 9
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    Observational and Model Evidence for an Important Role for Volcanic Forcing Driving Atlantic Multidecadal Variability Over the Last 600 Years (2020)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: The modern history of North Atlantic sea surface temperature shows variability coinciding with changes in air temperature and rainfall over the Northern Hemisphere. There is a debate about this variability and, in particular, whether it is internal to the ocean‐atmosphere system or is forced by external factors (natural and anthropogenic). Here we present a temperature record, obtained using the Sr/Ca ratio measured in a skeleton of a sclerosponge, that shows agreement with the instrumental record over the past 150 years as well as multidecadal temperature variability over the last 600 years. Comparison with climate simulations of the last millennium shows that large cooling events recorded, in the sclerosponge, are consistent with natural (primarily volcanic activity) and anthropogenic forcings. There are, however, multidecadal periods not connected to current estimates of external forcing over the last millennium allowing for alternative explanations, such as internally driven changes in ocean and atmospheric circulation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 10
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    Evaluating the fidelity of the cerium paleoredox tracer during variable carbonate diagenesis on the Great Bahamas Bank (2019)
    Elsevier
    In:  Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 248 . pp. 25-42.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Inferring redox conditions for ancient marine environments is critical to our understanding of biogeochemical cycles over Earth history. Because of the redox sensitivity of cerium (Ce) relative to other rare earth elements (REEs) and its uptake in marine carbonates, the Ce anomaly (Ce/Ce*) is widely applied to ancient carbonates as a proxy for local redox conditions in the water column. However, carbonate sediments and rocks are particularly vulnerable to multiple stages and styles of post-depositional diagenetic alteration where the diagenetic redox conditions and fluid compositions can vary widely from overlying seawater. Evaluations of the effects of this post-depositional alteration for the Ce anomaly have mostly been limited to ancient carbonate rocks rather than recent, well-characterized analog facies. Here, we report on analyses of REE plus yttrium concentrations (REY) and Ce anomalies in bulk carbonate samples from drill cores collected in the Bahamas (Clino and Unda) that allow us to track loss or retention of primary signals of initial oxic deposition through a range of subsequent alteration scenarios mostly under anoxic conditions. Specifically, these materials have experienced well-constrained overprints linked to meteoric processes and marine burial diagenesis, including dolomitization. Our results show that, regardless of mineralogy, diagenetic fluid composition, and redox state, the REY patterns in these carbonates, including the Ce anomaly, are similar to those of modern oxic seawater, indicating that they likely record the seawater signatures of primary deposition. As such, the Ce anomaly in shallow marine carbonates has the potential to preserve records of primary deposition even when subject to multiple stages and styles of diagenetic alteration, confirming its utility in studies of ancient marine redox.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2018.12.028
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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