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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Neuro-ophthalmology : Neuronal control of eye movements ; a comprehensive characterization of human eye movements in relation to brain function and dysfunction (2007)
    Basel [Switzerland] : Karger
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Neuroophthalmology ; Eye Movements physiology ; Ocular Motility Disorders ; Oculomotor Muscles physiology ; Oculomotor Nerve physiology ; Neurobiology ; Neurology ; Ophthalmology ; Physiology ; Psychiatry ; Psychology
    Description / Table of Contents: All motor behavior is characterized by sensory inputs causing specific motor reactions. Because humans modify motor reactions voluntarily or through experience, this input-output relation is more complex in humans than in lower vertebrates. Eye movements provide a window on fundamental brain function, not only for topographic diagnosis of dysfunctions but also for the comprehension of normal brain function.This book highlights basic mechanical properties of eye movements, explains the neuronal basis of the vestibular-ocular reflex, saccadic eye movements, smooth-pursuit eye movements, and vergence eye movements, and deals with their pharmacological manipulation in disorders. Since precise measurement of motor reactions is essential for understanding the oculomotor system, one chapter critically discusses current registration methods, and another one considers the possibilities and limitations of modeling it by control theory methods.Its comprehensive characterization of eye movements and their relation to brain function makes this publication essential reading to ophthalmologists, neurologists, and clinical neuropsychologists
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X + 198 S
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource Karger eBooks Collection 1997-2009
    ISBN: 9783318014440 , 9783805582513
    Series Statement: Developments in ophthalmology 40
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-01444-0
    URL: https://karger.com/books/book/2575
    URL: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=211090
    URL: http://www.karger.com/?ISBN=978-3-8055-8251-3
    URL: http://d-nb.info/981944450/04
    URL: http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=showproducts&ProduktNr=232644&searchWhat=books
    DOI: 10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-01444-0
    DDC: 617.7/32
    RVK:
    YO 9003
    Language: English
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Cover; Contents; List of Contributors; Preface; Anatomy of the Oculomotor System; Eye Movement Recordings:Methods; Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex; Neural Control of Saccadic Eye Movements; Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements and Optokinetic Nystagmus; Disconjugate Eye Movements; The Eyelid and Its Contribution to Eye Movements; Mechanics of the Orbita; Current Models of the Ocular Motor System; Therapeutic Considerations for Eye Movement Disorders; Subject Index
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Verifizierung des Eye tracking devices (ETD) bei gesunden Probanden und in der klinischen Routine bei Patienten mit Okulokotorikstörungen (2002)
    [München]
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (30 p. = 2,97 MB) , ill., graphs
    Edition: [Elektronische Ressource]
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fb02/359058213.pdf
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fb02/359058213l.pdf
    Language: German
    Note: Differences between the printed and electronic version of the document are possible. - nBibliography p. 3 - 5 , Also available as printed version , Contains: Verifizierung des Eye tracking devices (ETD) bei gesunden Probanden : Ergebnisbericht ; vorgelegt im März 2002 (überarbeitete Fassung) / von Jochen Ditterich , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Funktionelle, periphere Magnetstimulation (FMS) zur Rehabilitation der Motorik in Patienten mit zentralen Paresen, insbesondere halbseitigen Lähmungen : Teilvorhaben: Entwicklung der Gesamtsteuerung und Integration von Ergometer und Magnetstimulation ; Schlussbericht ; Laufzeit des Vorhabens: 01.11.2007 - 30.04.2011 (2011)
    München-Großhadern
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (20 S., 6,14 MB) , Ill., graph. Darst.
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fb12/727520636.pdf
    URL: https://doi.org/10.2314/GBV:727520636
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fb12/727520636l.pdf
    DOI: 10.2314/GBV:727520636
    Language: German
    Note: Förderkennzeichen BMBF 01EZ0756 , Unterschiede zwischen dem gedruckten Dokument und der elektronischen Ressource können nicht ausgeschlossen werden. - Auch als gedr. Ausg. vorhanden , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat reader.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Central nervous system involvement in Leber's optic neuropathy (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 240 (1993), S. 251-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Leber's optic neuropathy ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Parinaud's syndrome ; Oculopalatal myoclonus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Six months after the onset of visual loss a 23-year-old male patient with Leber's optic neuropathy associated with a mitochondrial DNA mutation developed brain stem involvement with Parinaud's syndrome and oculopalatal myoclonus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a high signal area in the brain stem, corresponding to a hypodense area in the CT scan that did not show contrast enhancement. Distinct diminution but not complete remission of the MRI findings was found in the 5-year follow-up, which was not accompanied by clinical improvement. Although the MRI findings were compatible with a demyelinating lesion, neither extensive evoked potential studies nor spinal fluid examination supported this.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00818714
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Saccadic lateropulsion in Wallenberg's syndrome may be caused by a functional lesion of the fastigial nucleus (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 241 (1994), S. 421-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Wallenberg's syndrome ; Saccadic lateropulsion ; Saccadic dysmetria ; Fastigial nucleus ; Climbing fibres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract One of the clinical oculomotor hallmarks of lateral medullary infarction (Wallenberg's syndrome) is the so-called saccadic lateropulsion. In man and in animals, cerebellar lesions lead to dysmetric saccades and underline the importance of cerebellar control on saccadic accuracy. In order to study the lesion site responsible for saccadic lateropulsion we prospectively examined 12 patients with Wallenberg's syndrome who did not show a cerebellar lesion on CT or MRI. All patients consistently showed hypermetric saccades to the ipsilateral side and hypometric contralateral saccades comparable with the effects of cerebellar lesions in monkeys on saccadic accuracy. Based on the most recent experiments involving recordings from saccade-related neurons in the deep cerebellar nuclei of monkeys (oculomotor region of fastigial nucleus), we hypothesize that saccadic lateropulsion in lateral medullary infarction is essentially identical with cerebellar saccadic dysmetria and results from a disruption of afferent olivocerebellar climbing fibres that gives rise to functional disinhibition of the cerebellar cortex and to increased inhibition of the deep cerebellar nuclei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900959
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Periodic limb movements during sleep are a frequent finding in patients with Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 244 (1997), S. 521-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Gilles de la Tourette’s ; syndrome ; Restless legs syndrome ; Periodic leg movements during ; sleep ; Periodic limb movements ; Insomnia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome (GTS) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) are two different neurological disorders with common features such as involuntary movements. In both disorders a disturbance of the dopaminergic system has been considered among other possible mechanisms. Since periodic leg movements (PLMS) during sleep are the predominant objective finding in RLS, the aim of this study was to investigate sleep parameters in GTS patients with particular emphasis on PLMS. Seven drug-free patients with GTS and seven age- and sex-matched healthy controls were studied polysomnographically, including superficial electromyogram (EMG) leads on all four extremities. A high number of PLMS were found in five of seven, and periodic arm movements in four of seven GTS patients. Total sleep time was significantly lower (P 〈 0.05) in the GTS patients than in the controls, which confirms earlier findings. The presence of PLMS in GTS might point towards evidence for a pathophysiological relationship between GTS and RLS, which, however, is not supported by the different responses to pharmacological treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050136
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The criteria of the International Headache Society for Tolosa-Hunt syndrome need to be revised (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 371-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Tolosa-Hunt syndrome ; Painful ophthalmoplegia ; International Headache Society ; criteria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In 1988 the International Headache Society defined the diagnostic criteria of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) to include episode(s) of unilateral orbital pain for an average of 8 weeks if untreated, with associated paresis of one or more of the third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerves. Cranial nerve paresis may coincide with the onset of pain or follow it within a period of up to 2 weeks, and the pain must be relieved within 72 h after the initiation of corticosteroid therapy. Other causative lesions must be excluded by neuroimaging. On the basis of the history and neuroradiological findings of six patients we show the pitfalls in diagnosing THS with these criteria. We propose a revision of the criteria: Other causative lesions must be excluded by neuroimaging, especially of the region of the cavernous sinus and the orbita, and by blood and CSF examinations. Since imaging techniques have dramatically improved, it is now possible to visualize the inflammatory tissue in THS. Positive magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography findings compatible with inflammatory tissue neither exclude nor confirm THS and remain suspect until a malignant tumor or inflammation other than THS is excluded. Clinical and radiological follow-up examinations must be performed for at least 2 years, even in patients with negative findings on magnetic resonance imaging at onset.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050366
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postural imbalance: An early sign in HIV-1 infected patients (1992)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 241 (1992), S. 267-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Human immunodeficiency virus ; Posture ; Sway path ; Neurophysiological findings ; CSF
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have recorded postural performance in 50 HIV-infected patients in different stages of the disease (Walter Reed (WR) stages I–VI) by means of a force measuring platform. The results were compared with 50 age-matched controls. A significant instability was particularly evident when standing on an unstable foot support. In patients standing with “eyes closed”, postural sway was significantly higher in every patient group (WR I–II:P〈0.02, WR III–V:P〈0.001, WR VI:P〈0.001). Patients in stage WR I–II showed no relevant neurological abnormalities. In agreement with other neurophysiological data in the literature we suggest that postural imbalance could be an early sign of central nervous system penetration of HIV. No correlation with electromyographic or cerebrospinal fluid findings could be found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02195975
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Internally and externally guided voluntary saccades in unmedicated and medicated schizophrenic patients. Part II. Saccadic latency, gain, and fixation suppression errors (1999)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 249 (1999), S. 7-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Key words Saccades ; Latency ; Gain ; Fixation ; suppression error ; Neuroleptics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Saccades were elicited in 30 schizophrenic patients before medication, in 17 of them during medication with neuroleptics, and in 12 healthy controls using six paradigms that tested different types of saccades: (a) the externally triggered and visually guided saccades; (b) the externally triggered and internally guided saccades (anti-saccades); and (c) the internally triggered and internally guided saccades (memory-guided saccades). Latency of the primary saccade, gain (eye amplitude to target amplitude), and percentage of unwanted saccades (fixation suppression errors) were calculated. The externally triggered and externally guided saccades were only slightly affected in the patients, indicating that the function of parieto-tectal pathways was preserved. In contrast, the internally guided and externally triggered saccades showed abnormally long latencies, slightly smaller gains, and an increased rate of suppression errors regardless of the medication status. These findings were even more pronounced in the internally triggered and internally guided saccades such as memory-guided saccades. According to animal experiments and studies on patients with disorders of the basal ganglia, the performance of these saccades is based on the function of the pre- and dorsolateral frontal cortex and its connections to the basal ganglia. The minimal improvement of some of the parameters after clinical improvement and during treatment with neuroleptics suggests that the eye-movement deficits are associated with abnormalities of schizophrenia, which do not basically change under medication with neuroleptics. The observed effects of neuroleptics also argue against a primary abnormality in the dopaminergic input to the frontal cortex – basal ganglia oculomotor loop and support the view that there is a primary disturbance of the cortical input to the oculomotor loop through the basal ganglia in schizophrenics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004060050059
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