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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of Probiotics on Incident Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Patients : A Randomized Clinical Trial
    American Medical Association (AMA) ; 2021
    In:  JAMA Vol. 326, No. 11 ( 2021-09-21), p. 1024-
    Details
    In: JAMA, American Medical Association (AMA), Vol. 326, No. 11 ( 2021-09-21), p. 1024-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0098-7484
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1001/jama.2021.13355
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2958-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2018410-4
    SSG: 5,21
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  • 2
    Online Resource
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    Acceptability of health care interventions: A theoretical framework and proposed research agenda
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  British Journal of Health Psychology Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2018-09), p. 519-531
    Details
    In: British Journal of Health Psychology, Wiley, Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2018-09), p. 519-531
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1359-107X , 2044-8287
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.2018.23.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12295
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026500-1
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 3
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    Acceptability Assessment in HIV Prevention and Treatment Intervention and Service Delivery Research: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Analysis
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  AIDS and Behavior Vol. 27, No. 2 ( 2023-02), p. 600-617
    Details
    In: AIDS and Behavior, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 27, No. 2 ( 2023-02), p. 600-617
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1090-7165 , 1573-3254
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03796-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2014832-X
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  • 4
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    Predictors of health-related quality of life after cardiac surgery: a systematic review
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Health and Quality of Life Outcomes Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2022-05-18)
    Details
    In: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2022-05-18)
    Abstract: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is important in determining surgical success, particularly from the patients’ perspective. Aims To identify predictors for HRQoL outcome after cardiac surgery in order to identify potentially modifiable factors where interventions to improve patient outcomes could be targeted. Methods Electronic databases (including MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase) were searched between January 2001 and December 2020 for studies determining predictors of HRQoL (using a recognised and validated tool) in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Data extraction and quality assessments were undertaken and data was summarised using descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis, as appropriate. Results Overall, 3924 papers were screened with 41 papers included in the review. Considerable methodological heterogeneity between studies was observed. Most were single-centre (75.6%) prospective observational studies (73.2%) conducted in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) (n = 51.2%) using a version of the SF-36 (n = 63.4%). Overall, 103 independent predictors (62 pre-operative, five intra-operative and 36 post-operative) were identified, where 34 (33.0%) were reported in more than one study. Potential pre-operative modifiable predictors include alcohol use, BMI/weight, depression, pre-operative quality of life and smoking while in the post-operative period pain and strategies to reduce post-operative complications and intensive care and hospital length of stay are potential therapeutic targets. Conclusion Despite a lack of consistency across studies, several potentially modifiable predictors were identified that could be targeted in interventions to improve patient or treatment outcomes. This may contribute to delivering more person-centred care involving shared decision-making to improve patient HRQoL after cardiac surgery.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1477-7525
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12955-022-01980-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2098765-1
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  • 5
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    The challenge of exercise (non-)adherence: a scoping review of methods and techniques applied to improve adherence to physical activity and exercise in people with inflammatory arthritis
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Rheumatology Advances in Practice Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2022-12-30)
    Details
    In: Rheumatology Advances in Practice, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2022-12-30)
    Abstract: The aims were to explore the nature of methods/techniques applied to improve adherence to physical activity (PA) and exercise in people with inflammatory arthritis and to identify whether studies were theory based and/or used behaviour change techniques (BCTs). Methods Searches were undertaken of English language articles within four databases: Embase, Medline, PsycINFO and Cochrane. Articles were included if they assessed adherence to a PA and/or exercise intervention. A narrative synthesis of the findings is reported. Results Of 1909 studies screened, 18 studies met inclusion criteria. Adherence was most frequently included as a secondary outcome. Reporting of adherence measures was poor, in that 13 studies did not use a validated measure of adherence, with only three validated measures being identified. The majority of studies were not theory driven (n = 13), although the health belief model was the most used theoretical framework (n = 5). Only two studies mentioned both theory and BCTs. Four studies reported components that were mapped onto BCTs, with goal setting being the most prevalent. Conclusion This scoping review found that adherence to PA and/or exercise interventions was rarely the focus of research, despite its importance in maintaining health in people with inflammatory arthritis. Where research has been conducted in this area, serious shortcomings were revealed, in that psychological theory, evidence-based BCTs derived from theory and valid adherence measures were not used to inform intervention design and target adherence, meaning that interventions were suboptimal. These results suggest that there is considerable room for improvement and that more high-quality research is required to investigate determinants of adherence and develop impactful interventions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2514-1775
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/rap/rkac096
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2899298-2
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  • 6
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    The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2003
    In:  Nature Vol. 424, No. 6945 ( 2003-7), p. 157-164
    Details
    In: Nature, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 424, No. 6945 ( 2003-7), p. 157-164
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-0836 , 1476-4687
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/nature01782
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 120714-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1413423-8
    SSG: 11
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  • 7
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    P221 Treatment fidelity in the Gait Rehabilitation in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Trial (GREAT) feasibility study
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Rheumatology Vol. 59, No. Supplement_2 ( 2020-04-01)
    Details
    In: Rheumatology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 59, No. Supplement_2 ( 2020-04-01)
    Abstract: Many people with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) report foot pain and walking disability. Self-reported walking disability two years post-diagnosis is the main predictor of persistent disability. A psychologically informed gait rehabilitation intervention (Great Strides) for early RA was developed to address this, consisting of two compulsory sessions and up to four optional sessions delivered over three months. Physiotherapists and podiatrists received bespoke training to deliver Great Strides, incorporating motivational interviewing (MI) and behaviour change techniques (BCTs), to help patients to complete their walking exercises at home. The aim of this study was to assess fidelity of delivery within the Gait Rehabilitation in Early Arthritis Trial (GREAT) feasibility study. Methods Four physiotherapists and two podiatrists delivered 78 Great Strides sessions across three centres in the UK. All sessions were audio recorded and double coded. The Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity (MITI) Rating Scale (scoring ≥4 represents good proficiency) and tailored treatment fidelity measures of the six core elements and 17 BCTs delivered in session 1, five core elements delivered in session 2, and 12 BCTs in session 2-6, were developed to examine fidelity of delivery. Two trained, independent assessors rated audio recordings of Great Strides and assessed the extent to which core elements, aspects of MI and BCTs were delivered across sessions. Results Data from 28 (80%) adult participants across a total of 64 sessions were rated for core components and BCTs and 37 (50%) of sessions were analysed for MI. Relational (score=4.4) and technical (score=4.2) aspects of MI were delivered with good fidelity across the whole sample. The 6 core elements and 7 BCTs in Session 1 were conveyed with high (over 80%) treatment fidelity, but 10 further BCTs were not consistently delivered (range 23-69%). In session 2, the 5 core elements and 3 BCTs were provided with high fidelity, but another 9 BCTs were not reliably delivered (range 11-56%). Sessions 3 and 4 reliably delivered 3 out of 12 BCTs and only one session 5 and 6 was delivered. Inter-rater reliability showed agreement of over 80% was reached between raters for all sessions (range 82-87%). Conclusion Physiotherapists and podiatrists were able to deliver the core elements of GREAT sessions with high fidelity and fidelity assessment methods were appropriate. Results showed a maximum of 4 sessions was sufficient. However, treatment fidelity might be enhanced with further training or greater on-going support, as findings suggested clinicians (physiotherapists) with previous MI experience were more proficient at offering key elements of MI. Additionally, the Great Strides intervention could be amended to improve delivery, as research shows complex interventions should consider mandatory BCTs alongside optional ones, depending on the needs of individual participants. Disclosures E. Godfrey None. M. Sekhon None. G. Hendry None. N.E. Foster None. S. Hider None. M. van der Leeden None. H. Mason None. A. McConnachie None. I. McInnes None. A. Patience None. C. Sackley None. M. Steultjens None. A. Williams None. J. Woodburn None. L. Bearne None.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-0324 , 1462-0332
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa111.216
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474143-X
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  • 8
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    Integrated and Sequence-Ordered BAC- and YAC-Based Physical Maps for the Rat Genome
    Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory ; 2004
    In:  Genome Research Vol. 14, No. 4 ( 2004-04), p. 766-779
    Details
    In: Genome Research, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Vol. 14, No. 4 ( 2004-04), p. 766-779
    Abstract: As part of the effort to sequence the genome of Rattus norvegicus , we constructed a physical map comprised of fingerprinted bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones from the CHORI-230 BAC library. These BAC clones provide ∼13-fold redundant coverage of the genome and have been assembled into 376 fingerprint contigs. A yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) map was also constructed and aligned with the BAC map via fingerprinted BAC and P1 artificial chromosome clones (PACs) sharing interspersed repetitive sequence markers with the YAC-based physical map. We have annotated 95% of the fingerprint map clones in contigs with coordinates on the version 3.1 rat genome sequence assembly, using BAC-end sequences and in silico mapping methods. These coordinates have allowed anchoring 358 of the 376 fingerprint map contigs onto the sequence assembly. Of these, 324 contigs are anchored to rat genome sequences localized to chromosomes, and 34 contigs are anchored to unlocalized portions of the rat sequence assembly. The remaining 18 contigs, containing 54 clones, still require placement. The fingerprint map is a high-resolution integrative data resource that provides genome-ordered associations among BAC, YAC, and PAC clones and the assembled sequence of the rat genome.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1088-9051
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1101/gr.2336604
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483456-X
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
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    P105 Therapists acceptability of delivering a psychologically informed gait rehabilitation intervention in early rheumatoid arthritis (GREAT): a qualitative interview study
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Rheumatology Vol. 59, No. Supplement_2 ( 2020-04-01)
    Details
    In: Rheumatology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 59, No. Supplement_2 ( 2020-04-01)
    Abstract: Great Strides is a brief psychologically informed gait rehabilitation intervention (two compulsory face-to-face sessions and up to four optional sessions delivered over 3 months) aimed at improving lower limb function for adults with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As part of the Gait Rehabilitation in Early Arthritis Trial (GREAT) feasibility study, physiotherapists and podiatrists received two days of bespoke training delivered by psychologists, physiotherapists and podiatrists on i) the gait rehabilitation exercise programme (six walking exercises) ii) aspects of motivational interviewing (MI) and iii) delivery of key behaviour change techniques (BCTs) to facilitate motivation and adherence to the Great Strides intervention. The training was supported by a bespoke therapist manual and session checklists. The aim of this study was to explore therapists’ acceptability of: (1) the bespoke training received and (2) delivering the intervention within the GREAT feasibility study. Methods All 10 therapists who received training were invited to complete semi-structured interviews. The topic guide was informed by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA). Interviews were audio recorded, professionally transcribed and a deductive thematic analysis was applied. Data were coded into six TFA constructs (Affective Attitude; Burden; Intervention Coherence; Opportunity Costs; Perceived Effectiveness; Self-efficacy). Results Nine out of ten therapists (four physiotherapists, five podiatrists) participated in the semi-structured interviews. Five therapists (four physiotherapists, one podiatrist) delivered the Great Strides intervention. Key barriers and enablers with regards to the acceptability of the bespoke training and intervention delivery were identified. Training: Therapists liked the supportive training environment (affective attitude), understood the purpose of the training sessions (intervention coherence), reported that the role play exercises aided their confidence in applying MI and BCTs (self-efficacy) and found that the training sessions were vital preparation for delivering the intervention (perceived effectiveness). Aspects of training which were considered unacceptable included the lack of time to attend the training sessions (opportunity costs). Delivery: All therapists enjoyed applying MI and BCTs to encourage participants to complete the gait exercises (affective attitude) and valued the opportunity to provide individualised care (intervention coherence). Barriers associated with acceptability included the use of trial-related materials (e.g. checklist) during intervention delivery (burden), interference of intervention delivery with routine clinical workload (opportunity costs) and the time delay between receiving training and initial intervention delivery (perceived effectiveness). Conclusion Both GREAT intervention training and delivery were considered acceptable to most therapists. The results have guided key refinements for training and intervention delivery for the GREAT internal pilot and full trial (e.g. remote access to training, timing of training in relation to intervention delivery). These refinements have the potential to improve the bespoke training and enhance the delivery of the Great Strides intervention maximising efficiency and potential for effectiveness. Disclosures M. Sekhon None. E. Godfrey None. G. Hendry None. N.E. Foster None. S. Hider None. M. van der Leeden None. H. Mason None. A. McConnachie None. I. McInnes None. A. Patience None. C. Sackley None. M. Steultjens None. A. Williams None. J. Woodburn None. L. Bearne None.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-0324 , 1462-0332
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa111.103
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474143-X
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  • 10
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    Inconsistent relationship between depth of sedation and intensive care outcome: systematic review and meta-analysis
    BMJ ; 2021
    In:  Thorax Vol. 76, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 1089-1098
    Details
    In: Thorax, BMJ, Vol. 76, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 1089-1098
    Abstract: To determine the effect of depth of sedation on intensive care mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation, and other clinically important outcomes. Methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO from 2000 to 2020. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies that examined the effect of sedation depth were included. Two reviewers independently screened, selected articles, extracted data and appraised quality. Data on study design, population, setting, patient characteristics, study interventions, depth of sedation and relevant outcomes were extracted. Quality was assessed using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tools. Results We included data from 26 studies (n=7865 patients): 8 RCTs and 18 cohort studies. Heterogeneity of studies was substantial. There was no significant effect of lighter sedation on intensive care mortality. Lighter sedation did not affect duration of mechanical ventilation in RCTs (mean difference (MD): −1.44 days (95% CI −3.79 to 0.91)) but did in cohort studies (MD: −1.52 days (95% CI −2.71 to −0.34)). No statistically significant benefit of lighter sedation was identified in RCTs. In cohort studies, lighter sedation improved time to extubation, intensive care and hospital length of stay and ventilator-associated pneumonia. We found no significant effects for hospital mortality, delirium or adverse events. Conclusion Evidence of benefit from lighter sedation is limited, with inconsistency between observational and randomised studies. Positive effects were mainly limited to low quality evidence from observational studies, which could be attributable to bias and confounding factors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-6376 , 1468-3296
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216098
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481491-2
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