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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Kardiologie 87 (1998), S. 51-55 
    ISSN: 1435-1285
    Keywords: Key words PTCA – thrombosis – collagen – complications ; Schlüsselwörter PTCA – Thrombose – Kollagen – Komplikationen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Removal of the arterial sheath immediately after PTCA is desirable for patients, reduces the medical staff's workload, and may decrease hospital costs due to a shortened length of stay. Although the safety and efficacy of the hemostatic systems used especially for the above purpose have been sufficiently documented, inadvertent intraluminal vascular occlusion is theoretically possible. While partial or complete arterial occlusion in conjunction with the VasoSeal® collagen prototype device has been previously reported, similar complications occurring with the Angio-SealTM device were not published. In this report, we describe a 54-year old female patient (height: 150 cm, weight: 42.5 kg) who was transferred for PTCA following an acute anterior wall myocardial infarction. Immediately after PTCA, the Angio-SealTM device was deployed utilizing standard technique. No difficulties were encountered during device deployment, however, immediately following device placement active arterial bleeding occurred. Due to the inadequacy of hemostasis, heparin was reversed with protamine to avoid further hemorrhagic complications. Following this, the desired hemostasis quickly occurred, but the patient soon complained about symptoms suggestive of an acute occlusion of the right femoral artery. Unsatisfactory attempts as lysis resulted in the patient being transferred to vascular surgery. The complete Angio-SealTM system (anchor including collagen) was located intravasculary, and removed during surgery. This case report demonstrates that even an experienced examiner can inadvertently deploy the Angio-SealTM completely intraarterially. In addition to the known contraindication, “peripheral arterial occlusive disease”, we recommend that the Angio-SealTM device not be utilized in patients of small physical size.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Entfernung der arteriellen Schleuse unmittelbar nach PTCA wird von Patienten als angenehm empfunden, verringert die Arbeitsbelastung des medizinischen Personals und kann die Krankenhauskosten durch verkürzte Aufenthaltsdauer senken. Obwohl die Sicherheit und Effizienz solcher, hierzu speziell verwendeter Hämostasesysteme gut dokumentiert ist, besteht grundsätzlich die Möglichkeit eines akzidentellen intraluminalen Gefäßverschlusses. Während akute periphere Ischämiesyndrome für den “Prototyp” des Kollagens, das VasoSeal®, in zahlreichen Berichten veröffentlicht wurden, sind uns ähnliche Publikationen zum steuerbaren Angio-SealTM nicht bekannt. Wir berichten über eine 54jährige Patientin (Größe: 150 cm, Gewicht: 42,5 kg), die nach akutem Vorderwandinfarkt zur PTCA verlegt wurde. Unmittelbar nach Ende der PTCA erfolgte die Applikation von Angio-SealTM in Standardtechnik. Nachdem zunächst während der Applikation keine Besonderheiten auffielen, trat nach der Applikation überraschenderweise keinerlei Blutstillung ein. Zur Vermeidung weiterer möglicher Komplikationen erfolgte die Antagonisierung des Heparins mit Protamin. Hierauf kam es zwar rasch zur gewünschten Hämostase, die Patientin klagte jedoch bald über Symptome eines Akutverschlusses der rechten A. femoralis. Aufgrund des unzureichenden Lyseergebnisses erfolgte die Verlegung in die Gefäßchirurgie. Das gesamte Angio-SealTM-System (Anker einschließlich Kollagen) lag intravasal. Dieser Fallbericht zeigt, daß selbst bei einem erfahrenen Untersucher die vollständige intraarterielle Applikation von Angio-SealTM möglich ist. Neben der bekannten Kontraindikation “periphere arterille Verschlußkrankheit” sollte auch bei Patienten mit geringer Körpergröße auf die Applikation von Angio-SealTM verzichtet werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The ring-opening polymerization of cyclopentene by using organometallic catalysts composed of tantalum or tungsten compounds and alkylaluminium compounds is described in detail. The activity of these catalysts is definitely improved by co-catalysts. Soluble tungsten compounds of the type WCl5(OR) and WCl4(OR)2 which are stable in solution, give very active catalysts (in combination with alkylaluminium compounds) with a well reproducible polymerization pattern, without need of any cocatalysts. Depending on their composition tungsten containing catalysts cause rearrangement of already formed polymer molecules.Important indications on the mechanism can be derived from the influence of additional olefins on the polymerization. Either composition of the catalysts, addition of olefks, or modification of the catalysts by small amounts of water may change the properties of the rubber.Even high molecular weight trans-polypentenamer shows ease of processing. The green compounds are of high tensile strength and of good building tack. These properties are largely maintained after addition of considerable amounts of carbon black and oil. Even with low dosage of cross-linking agents highly elastic vulcanized rubbers of good resistance to aging and abrasion are obtained.
    Notes: Die ringöffnende Polymerisation des Cyclopentens mit metallorganischen Mischkatalysatoren auf Basis von Ta- und W-Verbindungen wird ausführlich beschrieben. Cokatalysatoren verbessern die Wirksamkeit der Mischkatalysatoren entscheidend. Lösliche und in Lösung stabile Wolframverbindungen vom Typ WCI5OR und WCI4 (OR)2 ergeben in Verbindung mit Alkylaluminiumverbindungen sehr wirksame Katalysatoren, einen gut reproduzierbaren Polymerisationsablauf und benötigen keine Cokatalysatoren. Wolframhaltige Mischkatalysatoren bewirken abhängig von ihrer Zusammensetzung einen Umbau bereits gebildeter Polymermoleküle.Der Einfluß von Fremdolefinen auf die Polymerisation gibt wichtige Hinweise auf den Mechanismus. Die Kautschuk-Eigenschaften können durch die Katalysatorzusammensetzung, durch Fremdolefine und durch Modifizierung des Katalysators mit geringen Mengen H2O gezielt verändert werden.Trans-Polypentenamer ist noch bei hohem Molekulargewicht leicht verarbeitbar. Die unvulkanisierten Mischungen zeigen eine hohe Festigkeit und gute Konfektionsklebrigkeit. Diese Eigenschaften bleiben auch bei Zusatz erheblicher Mengen Ruß und Öl weitgehend erhalten. Auch bei niedriger Dosierung von Vernetzungsmitteln erhält man hochelastische, alterungsbeständige und abriebfeste Vulkanisate.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The ring-opening polymerization of cyclopentene by using organometallic catalysts composed of tantalum or tungsten compounds and alkylaluminium compounds is described in detail. The activity of these catalysts is definitely improved by cotalysts. Soluble tungsten compounds of the type WCl5(OR) and WCL4(OR)2 which are stable in solution, give very active catalysts (in combination with alkylaluminium compounds) with a well reproducible polymerization pattern, without need of any cocatalysts. Depending on their composition tungsten containing catalysts cause rearrangement of already formed polymer molecules.Important indications on the mechanism can be derived from the influence of additional olefins on the polymerization. Either composition of the catalysts, addition of olefins, or modification of the catalysts by small amounts of water may change the properties of the rubber.Even high molecular weight trans-polypentenamer shows ease of processing. The green compounds are of high tensile strength and of good building tack. These properties are largely maintained after addition of considerable amounts of carbon black and oil. Even with low dosage of cross-linking agents highly elastic vulcanized rubbers of good resistance to aging and abrasion are obtained.
    Notes: Die ringöffnende Polymerisation des Cyclopentens mit metallorganischen Mischkatalysatoren auf Basis von Ta- und W-Verbindungen wird ausfürlich beschrieben. Cokatalysatoren verbessern die Wirksamkeit der Mischkatalysatoren entscheidend. Lösliche und in Lösung stabile Wolframverbindungen vom Typ WCl5OR und WCL4 (OR)2 ergeben in Verbindung mit Alkylaluminiumverbindungen sehr wirksame Katalysatoren, einen gut reproduzierbaren Polymerisationsablauf und benötigen keine Cokatalysatoren. Wolframhaltige Mischkatalysatoren bewirken abhängig von ihrer Zusammensetzung einen Umbau bereits gebildeter Polymermoleküle.Der Einfluß von Fremdolefinen auf die Polymerisation gibt wichtige Hinweise auf den Mechanismus. Die Kautschuk-Eigenschaften können durch die Katalysatorzusammensetzung, durch Fremdolefine und durch Modifizierung des Katalysators mit geringen Mengen H2O gezielt verändert werden.Trans-Polypentenamer ist noch bei hohem Molekulargewicht leicht verarbeitbar. Die unvulkanisierten Mischungen zeigen eine hohe Festigkeit und gute Konfektionsklebrigkeit. Diese Eigenschaften bleiben auch bei Zusatz erheblicher Mengen Ruß und Öl weitgehend erhalten. Auch bei niedriger Dosierung von Vernetzungsmitteln erhält man hochelastische, alterungsbeständige und abriebfeste Vulkanisate.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 101 (1967), S. 271-283 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: High polymers with C=C-double bonds are suited for modifications by simple, chemically obvious reactions provided they exist as solutions in non-polar solvents, free from H2O and H-acid compounds. Long-chain branching can be achieved in diolefins by FRIEDEL-CRAFTS catalysts. One obtains non-gelled products of much higher molecular weight. By different routes long-chain branching in unsaturated polymers is produced with 4-isocyanate-phenyl sulfene chlorid. Addition type reactions of the NCO-groups incorporated in the polymers produce a variety of copolymers.Cis 1,4-polybutadiene as a model substance is chosen to demonstrate the effect and the range of application of the above-mentioned reagent. The addition reactions of the NCO-group can be studied with NCO-containing polybutadiene in extreme dilution.
    Notes: Hochpolymere Stoffe mit C=C-Doppelbindungen, die frei von Wasser und H-aciden Verbindungen als Lösung in unpolaren Lösungsmitteln anfallen, eignen sich für eine nachtrügliche Modifizierung mit Hilfe einfacher, chemisch übersichtlicher Reaktionen. Mit Katalysatoren vom FRIEDEL-CRAFTS-Typ lassen sich in Diolefinpolymerisate Langketten-verzweigungen einbauen. Man erhält gelfreie Produkte mit stark vergrößertem Molekulargewicht.Mit Hilfe von 4-Isocyanato-phenyl-sulfenchlorid lassen sich auf verschiedenen Wegen Langkettenverzweigungen in ungesattigte Polymere einführen. Durch Additionsreaktionen der in das Polymere eingebauten NCO-Gruppen wird eine Mannigfaltigkeit von Copolymeren zugünglich.An cis-1,4-Polybutadien als Modell werden Wirkungsweise und Anwendungsbereich des 4-Isocyanato-phenyl-sulfenchlorids demonstriert. An NCO-Gruppen-haltigem Polybutadien können die Additionsreaktionen der NCO-Gruppe in sehr starker Verdünnung studiert werden.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
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    Unknown
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 119 (8). pp. 5190-5202.
    Publication Date: 2018-02-27
    Description: One decade of time-variable gravity field observations from the GRACE satellite mission reveals low-frequency ocean bottom pressure (OBP) variability of up to 2.5 hPa centered at the northern flank of the subtropical gyre in the North Pacific. From a 145 year-long simulation with a coupled chemistry climate model, OBP variability is found to be related to the prevailing atmospheric sea-level pressure and surface wind conditions in the larger North Pacific area. The dominating atmospheric pressure patterns obtained from the climate model run allow in combination with ERA-Interim sea-level pressure and surface winds a reconstruction of the OBP variability in the North Pacific from atmospheric model data only, which correlates favorably (r=0.7) with GRACE ocean bottom pressure observations. The regression results indicate that GRACE-based OBP observations are indeed sensitive to changes in the prevailing sea-level pressure and thus surface wind conditions in the North Pacific, thereby opening opportunities to constrain atmospheric models from satellite gravity observations over the oceans.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This paper deals with the reconstruction of sea level anomalies using altimetry and GPS-corrected tide gauge data. In the first part of this paper, the reconstruction algorithm used ("Optimal interpolation" (OI (C)) is investigated in more detail. It is found that it shows a strong element of stochasticity. The reconstruction is strongly dependent on the relative spatial position of the tide gauges to the empirical orthogonal Functions (EOF) used in the reconstruction. In the second part of the paper, a reconstruction of global sea level anomalies for the period of 1970-2001 is performed. The tide gauges used for this purpose are corrected for land movement using vertical GPS trends. Also, a a smoothing algorithm is introduced which helps to fill the errors resulting from gaps in the tide gauge records.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
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  • 8
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    Unknown
    In:  System Earth via Geodetic-Geophysical Space Techniques | Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Precise weekly positions of 403 Global Positioning System (GPS) stations located worldwide are obtained by reprocessing GPS data of these stations for the time span from 4 January 1998 until 29 December 2007. The processing algorithms and models used as well as the solution and results obtained are presented. Vertical velocities of 266 GPS stations having a tracking history longer than 2.5 yr are computed; 107 of them are GPS stations located at tide gauges (TIGA observing stations). The vertical velocities calculated in this study are compared with the estimates from the co-located tide gauges and other GPS solutions. The formal errors of the estimated vertical velocities are 0.01–0.80 mm yr−1. The vertical velocities of our solution agree within 1 mm yr−1 with those of the recent solutions (ULR5 and ULR3) of the Université de La Rochelle for about 67–75 per cent of the common stations. Examples of typical behaviour of station height changes are given and interpreted. The derived height time series and vertical motions of continuous GPS at tide gauges stations can be used for correcting the vertical land motion in tide gauge records of sea level changes.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Variations in the earth rotation parameters are strongly influenced by atmospheric and oceanic variability patterns. In order to develop a climate index from Earth rotation parameters, the influence of known large-scale climate variability features on Earth rotation must be assessed. This can be done using Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models (CGCMs), simulating the climate system in a physically consistent way. The analysis performed is based on the computation of effective angular momentum functions derived from: a) an ocean model (OMCT) driven with ECMWF (ERA Interim/ERA40) atmospheric reanalysis data, and with a 500 year run of the ECHAM5/OM1 model, developing its climate without an observational forcing. Results obtained from re-analysis and the simulated ocean can be directly a compared with the observational IERS geodetic earth orientation data (C04 excitation functions). Data from the free model run shall demonstrate in how far the fully coupled model is able to reproduce the same features for the geodetic variations. One of the variability features investigated is the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the dominant atmospheric winter teleconnection pattern for the Northern Hemisphere. Its influence on polar motion(e.g. Chao and Zhou, 1998) was thought to be caused largely by mass redistribution. This assumption is, however, inconsistent with the inverted barometer assumption, telling that atmospheric pressure anomalies over the ocean (where the larger part of the NAO anomalies lies) should be outweighed by an elastic response of the ocean surface. Our results suggest that, instead of atmospheric mass redistribution, the influence of the NAO on polar motion is exerted through changes in wind speed and resulting oceanic transport, mainly via the x1 motion components of the atmospheric (AAM) and oceanic (OAM) effective angular momentum (EAM) functions. As a second variability feature, the possible influence of the Quasi-Biannual Oscillation (QBO) on polar motion is examined. Because of the link between NAO and QBO (significantly correlated with r=0.22 in the ERA Interim dataset), an indirect influence of the QBO on earth orientation would be expected. However, no significant correlation between the EAM functions and the QBO index is found. To investigate this connection further, Granger causality is used, a statistical tool to determine whether the knowledge of past values of one timeseries (y) is useful in predicting future values of a second timeseries (x) over and above the knowledge of past values of x alone. It is shown that, for the ERA Interim period, the QBO “grangercauses” the winter AAM x-1 mass component as well as the OAM x-1 motion component at 99% significance level, meaning that previous QBO index values may influence the earth orientation. The comparison with data from the ECHAM5/OM1 model - which does not include a well resolved stratosphere and fails to reproduce correctly the QBO - is used to determine whether the influence of the NAO on earth rotation is modified by the existence of the QBO.
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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