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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fishery biology of the seven star flying squid Martialia hyadesi at South Georgia during winter (1998)
    Springer
    Polar biology 19 (1998), S. 231-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A scientific research fishing expedition targeting the oceanic/slope ommastrephid squid Martialia hyadesi was undertaken by a Korean-registered squid jigger in CCAMLR area 48.3, near South Georgia, in June 1996, providing the first opportunity to collect data on the fishery biology of this species during the austral winter. Fishing took place over a period of 8 days; a series of eight drifts was undertaken along an approximately east/west transect of about 200 nautical miles to the north and west of South Georgia, over depths ranging from 1,700 to 2,713 m. All fishing was to the south of the Antarctic Polar Front. Data were collected on sea surface temperature, catch per unit of effort, size, sex, maturity status and stomach contents of the catch and a sample of squid was aged by counting putative, daily microgrowth increments in the sectioned statolith. All squid were caught by jigs operating at depths from 80 to 100 m to the surface. Catch per unit of effort per drift varied between 1.0 and 21.9 kg min−1 and there was no by-catch. Greatest numbers of squid were caught at dusk and dawn. Mantle length fell in the range 220–350 mm (males) and 212–370 mm (females). Most males were sexually mature (Lipinski's stages IV–V) and most females were immature (stage II). The absence of mature females suggests that no spawning takes place in this area during the austral winter. The squid were up to 1␣year of age and had hatched during the previous winter. They were apparently from the same cohort as had been sampled at the Antarctic Polar Front in February 1996. Myctophids were the major prey in the stomach contents and the squid Gonatus antarcticus was also important; crustaceans were relatively unimportant. The results suggest that concentrations of Martialia hyadesi are present in the vicinity of South Georgia, south of the Antarctic Polar Front, during the austral winter. The squid are actively feeding during the austral winter and are susceptible to jigging gear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050239
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of the cephalopod Martialia hyadesi (Teuthoidea: Ommastrephidae) at the Kerguelen Islands in the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean (1991)
    Springer
    Polar biology 11 (1991), S. 273-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238462
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impacts of geophysical seismic surveying on fishing success (2000)
    Springer
    Reviews in fish biology and fisheries 10 (2000), S. 113-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5184
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008987014736
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  • 4
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    Utility and limits of biomass spectra: the nekton community sampled with the RMT 25 in the Scotia Sea during austral summer (1994)
    Inter Research
    In:  Marine Ecology Progress Series, 112 . pp. 29-39.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-18
    Description: An RMT 25 opening/closing net was used to sample the nekton comunity at 2 stations in the ice free zone (IFZ) of the Scotia Sea (Stn 1 approximately 10 nautical miles south of the Antarctic Polar Front, Stn 2 on the edge of the South Georgia Shelf Break to the northwest of the island) Oblique hauls sampled 200 m depth layers to 1000 m during both day and night. Total and individual volumes of each species in each 200 m layer were measured by displacement The data were used to generate biomass and numerical spectra for day and night at each station for the whole water column to 1000 m. At both stations the relationship between log10 biomass density (B/A) and log10 individual body mass (M) were strongly positive. Slopes of the biomass spectra were not significantly different among the day and night stations and an overall regression showed that biomass density scaled as M061. Analysis of biomass spectra revealed that although the species composition and biomass density vaned between the 2 stations, energy turnover in the nekton community in the 2 areas was similarly dominated by animals of larger size. Considering energy turnover in terms of taxonomic groups revealed that Stn 1 turnover was dominated by tunicates (salps) followed by fish and cnidarians and at Stn 2 turnover was dominated by crustaceans followed similarly by fish and cnidarians. Use of biomass spectra in this case study was shown to enhance insight into the comparative function of 2 pelaglc systems obtained using a conventional taxonomc approach The analysis of biomass spectra in the absence of taxonomic data would have had limited value as it would not have emphasised the major difference between the 2 stations: the domination by tunicates, an energetic dead end, at Stn 1 and crustaceans, which are available to predators, at Stn 2.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3354/meps112029
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Antarctic cephalopods - a living marine resource (1989)
    Springer
    In:  AMBIO, 18 (1). pp. 55-59.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-09-18
    Description: In the Antarctic there are large unexploited stocks of cephalopods with high potential commercial value and there are two important fisheries for squid in the cool temperate waters of the Southern Ocean, adjacent to the Antarctic, in the Atlantic and Pacific sectors. Squid fisheries can develop very rapidly, and if this were to happen in the Antarctic before adequate management plans could be established, there would be serious consequences for the squid stocks, and also for the vertebrate predator populations which depend on them. It is especially important to increase our knowledge of the Antarctic cephalopod species, their distribution and role in the food chain, and to understand their life cycles
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Distribution of the Neoteuthid Squid Alluroteuthis Antarcticus Odhner in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern Ocean (1988)
    In:  Malacologia, 29 (1). pp. 267-274.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-09-22
    Description: The "Discovery" collections contain 51 specimens ot Alluroteuthis antarct,cus from the Southern Ocean 0'"-30°E, S of the Antarctic Polar Front. Of these, 45 specimens were caught during "Discovery" Cruise 100 with the open1ng-clos1ng "RMT 8" net. Capture rate of the species was highest in the 800-900 m depth layer. At night. Alluroteuthis appears to spread vertically and there is evidence of ontogenetic descent. When vertical distribution of A. antarcticus is plotted as a tunclion of mantle length and compared with the distribution of the cranchi1d Galiteuthis glac,alis apparently there is spacial separation between the two species in the water column. The degree of ecological separation cannot be determined in the absence of information on the trophic ecology of these squids.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Growth rate and nucleic acid ratio in cultured cuttlefish Sepia officinalis (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) (1990)
    Elsevier
    In:  Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 133 (3). pp. 229-240.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-23
    Description: Juvenile cuttlefish Sepia offcinalis were hatched and reared in the laboratory at six ration levels and two temperatures. At 12.5 °C there was little growth whereas at 17.5 °C growth rate responded strongly to ration level. Nucleic acids were extracted into buffer containing 0.01% SDS and assayed by fluorescence using ethidium bromide and bis-benzimide and by absorbance at 260 nm. The sensitivity of nucleic acid assay using ethidium bromide was increased by shortening the excitation wavelength to 305 nm. RNA:DNA ratio was strongly correlated with growth rate in cuttlefish held at 17.5 °C; at 12.5 °C, the relationship was similar but not statistically significant. At low growth rates, RNA:DNA ratios were similar to those reported for larval fish; nucleic acid ratios at higher growth rates were higher than reported so far. This may be related to the very high growth rates achieved by many cephalopods.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/0022-0981(89)90047-6
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Fishery biology of the seven star flying squid Martialia hyadesi at South Georgia during winter (1998)
    Springer
    In:  Polar Biology, 19 (4). pp. 231-236.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-22
    Description: A scientific research fishing expedition targeting the oceanic/slope ommastrephid squid Martialia hyadesi was undertaken by a Korean-registered squid jigger in CCAMLR area 48.3, near South Georgia, in June 1996, providing the first opportunity to collect data on the fishery biology of this species during the austral winter. Fishing took place over a period of 8 days; a series of eight drifts was undertaken along an approximately east/west transect of about 200 nautical miles to the north and west of South Georgia, over depths ranging from 1,700 to 2,713 m. All fishing was to the south of the Antarctic Polar Front. Data were collected on sea surface temperature, catch per unit of effort, size, sex, maturity status and stomach contents of the catch and a sample of squid was aged by counting putative, daily microgrowth increments in the sectioned statolith. All squid were caught by jigs operating at depths from 80 to 100 m to the surface. Catch per unit of effort per drift varied between 1.0 and 21.9 kg min−1 and there was no by-catch. Greatest numbers of squid were caught at dusk and dawn. Mantle length fell in the range 220–350 mm (males) and 212–370 mm (females). Most males were sexually mature (Lipinski's stages IV–V) and most females were immature (stage II). The absence of mature females suggests that no spawning takes place in this area during the austral winter. The squid were up to 1␣year of age and had hatched during the previous winter. They were apparently from the same cohort as had been sampled at the Antarctic Polar Front in February 1996. Myctophids were the major prey in the stomach contents and the squid Gonatus antarcticus was also important; crustaceans were relatively unimportant. The results suggest that concentrations of Martialia hyadesi are present in the vicinity of South Georgia, south of the Antarctic Polar Front, during the austral winter. The squid are actively feeding during the austral winter and are susceptible to jigging gear.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s003000050239
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    Large and meso-scale distribution of the ommastrephid squid Martialia hyadesi in the Southern Ocean : a synthesis of information relevant to fishery forecasting and management (1997)
    Han'guk-Haeyang-Yŏn'guso
    In:  Korean journal of polar research, 8 (1). pp. 145-154.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-17
    Description: The seven star flying squid, Martialia hyadesi, is a Southern Ocean ommastrephid with an oceanic distribution that extends to the edge of the shelves and slopes of continents and islands. Its range is circumpolar and it is generally associated with the Antarctic Polar Frontal Zone. It has been caught in commercial quantities in the Atlantic sector but is only recorded in smaller numbers from the Indian Ocean and Pacific sectors in scientific samples, the gut contents of predators and in mass strandings on island shores. It has only occasionally been found in commercial catches outside the Atlantic sector. In the northern part of its range in the South Atlantic, commercial catches are highly variable and apparently linked to large-scale oceanographic variability. Martialia hyadesi appears to concentrate in frontal areas where characteristics of the bathymetry generate meso-scale oceanographic features. Such concentrations have been observed at shelf breaks and in the deep ocean near a submarine ridge. Predator data confirm the circumpolar distribution of the species and its relationship with the APFZ. Grey-headed albatrosses appear to forage for M. hyadesi in the region of meso-scale oceanographic features associated with the bathymetry of submarine ridges and the shelves of oceanic islands. In the medium future, improved understanding of oceanographic variability of the Southern Ocean may provide the basis for long term forcecasting in a fishery for the species. In the nearer future, improved knowledge of the behaviour of the species in relation to meso-scale oceanography may provide the basis for short-term forecasting of the location of shoals based on remotely sensed images of surface oceanography. The life cycle of M. hyadesi is poorly understood and, in view of increased commercial interest in the species in recent years, and its conservation value in the CCAMLR area, there is a need for more information on the location of spawning and feeding grounds and seasonal migrations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 10
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    Reevaluation of coleoid cephalopod relationships based on modified arms in the Jurassic coleoid Mastigophora (1999)
    Wiley
    In:  Lethaia, 32 (2). pp. 113-118.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-24
    Description: Mastigophora brevipinnis Owen, 1856, is a ‘fossil teuthid’ presently considered to be a member of the coleoid cephalopod Suborder Loligosepiina Jeletzky, which in turn has been placed by various authors in or near the Vampyromorpha Grimpe. Recent morphological and biochemical analyses indicate that vampyromorphs are more closely related to the Octopoda than to the Decapodiformes. Fossils of Mastigophora from the Oxford Clay (Jurassic: Callovian) show soft-tissue preservation and evidence of arm crown specialization. Some of these fossils have up to eight short, thick arms with circular sucker-like structures and filiform distal extensions, plus what appear to be the bases of two thinner ventrolateral arms. The latter lack proximal suckers and curve medially to insert into the arm crown, similar to the tentacles that are the modified ventrolateral arms of living squids and cuttlefishes. This suggests that the thinner structures were decapod-like tentacles. If Mastigophora had tentacles homologous with those of modern decapods, then it was a decapod, because this synapomorphy defines the Decapodiformes. This indication of decapod affinities for Mastigophora brings into question the relationships of the other ‘fossil teuthids’. The inferred relationship of the Loligosepiina, including Mastigophora, with the Vampyromorpha, based largely on similarities of gladius morphology with that of living Vampyroteuthis, may reflect shared plesiomorphic characters.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1502-3931.1999.tb00529.x
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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