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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Oxford :Elsevier Science & Technology,
    Schlagwort(e): Marine sediments. ; Sedimentation and deposition. ; Electronic books.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Contourites are sediments deposited or substantially reworked by bottom currents. The study of contourites is crucial for several fields of fundamental and applied research: paleoclimatology and paleo-oceanography, since these fairly continuous and relatively high-resolution sediments hold the key for priceless information on the variability in circulation patter, current velocity, oceanographic history and basin interconnectivity; hydrocarbon exploration, since accumulation of source rocks may be favored by weak bottom currents, whereas "clean" deep-sea sands may be formed by robust flows; and slope stability, since low-permeability fine-grained contourites facilitate the formation of overpressurized gliding planes when fresh contourites with a high pore-water content becomes rapidly loaded, or when their rigid biosiliceous microfabric collapses due to diagenetic conditions. Despite its significance, this group of sediments is poorly known by the majority of non-specialists. Notwithstanding the growing interest and the intensified research in contourites, a textbook that might also serve as a reference book on contourites was missing until now. This book addresses all aspects of the knowledge in the field of contourites and provides an authoritative and comprehensive coverage of the subject. It also can serve as a standard reference work for non-specialists, and in particular postgraduate students, university teachers and lecturers, researchers and professionals who are seeking an authoritative source of information about contourites. * reviews both theoretical topics and case histories * provides practical advice on multidisciplinary research techniques * provides also nonspecialist users with an intuitively-accessible, cross-referenced, and comprehensive coverage of the knowledge in the field. * provides a helpful tool for research in the
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (793 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780080931869
    Serie: Issn Series ; v.Volume 60
    DDC: 551.3
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Front Cover -- Developments in Sedimentology, 60: Contourites -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- Part 1 Contourite Research -- Chapter 1 Contourite Research: A Field in Full Development -- 1.1 Bottom Currents -- 1.2 Contourites -- 1.3 Drifts -- 1.4 Sedimentary Structures -- 1.5 Prospects -- Chapter 2 Personal Reminiscences on the History of Contourites -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Not All Deep-Sea Sands are Turbidites -- 2.3 Turbidophiles and Turbidophobes -- 2.4 Erosional Unconformity Misinterpreted -- Chapter 3 Methods for Contourite Research -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Oceanographic Measurements -- 3.3 Geophysical Methods -- 3.4 Sampling Strategies -- 3.5 Analytical Methods -- 3.6 Onshore Studies of Ancient Sequences -- 3.7 Summary of Multidisciplinary Techniques -- Acknowledgements -- Part 2 Bottom Currents -- Chapter 4 Abyssal and Contour Currents -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Abyssal Currents in the Global Thermohaline Circulation -- 4.3 Contour Currents -- 4.4 Conclusion and Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 5 Deep-water Bottom Currents and Their Deposits -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Thermohaline-Induced Geostrophic Bottom Currents -- 5.3 Wind-Driven Bottom Currents: The Loop Current -- 5.4 Deep-Water Tidal Bottom Currents -- 5.5 Internal Waves and Tides (Baroclinic Currents) -- 5.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 6 Dynamics of the Bottom Boundary Layer -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Spectral Windows -- 6.3 Characteristics of the Bottom Boundary Layer -- 6.4 Analytical Approach of the BBL -- 6.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Part 3 Processes -- Chapter 7 Sediment Entrainment -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Benthic Storms (Transportation and Resuspension of Particles) -- 7.3 Gravity Flows -- 7.4 Bioclastics-Forming Processes in Contourites -- 7.5 Volcaniclastics -- 7.6 Glacial Activity. , 7.7 Resuspension of Particles by Burrowing Activity of Benthic Organisms -- 7.8 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 8 Size Sorting During Transport and Deposition of Fine Sediments: Sortable Silt and Flow Speed -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Size Analysis of Fine Sediments -- 8.3 Unsorted Delivery to Deep Current Systems: Pelagic Flux and Down-Slope Transport -- 8.4 Controlling Factors for Input and Transport -- 8.5 Sorting in Suspension Transport -- 8.6 Processes of Deposition from Turbulent Boundary Layers -- 8.7 Deposits from Currents -- 8.8 Some Examples of Palaeoflow Inferred from Sortable-Silt records -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 9 The Nature of Contourite Deposition -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Bottom-Current Characteristics -- 9.3 Sedimentation rates and budget -- 9.4 Drift Deposition and Erosion -- 9.5 Bottom-Current Bedforms -- 9.6 Contourite Facies and Features -- 9.7 Contourite Cyclicity -- 9.8 Summary -- Acknowledgements -- Part 4 Sediments -- Chapter 10 Traction Structures in Contourites -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 The Traction-Structures Controversy -- 10.3 Setting the Stage for Sedimentary Structures in Contourites -- 10.4 Sedimentary Structures -- 10.5 Sedimentary Structures in Facies Models -- 10.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 11 Bioturbation and Biogenic Sedimentary Structures in Contourites -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Effects of Contour Currents on Benthic Habitats -- 11.3 Examples of Bioturbation in Contourites -- 11.4 Discussion and Conclusions -- 11.5 Perspective -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 12 Some Aspects of Diagenesis in Contourites -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Some Examples of Sedimentary Rhythms Associated with Changes in Colour -- 12.3 Diagenesis of Fine-Grained Contourites -- 12.4 Diagenesis of Coarse-Grained Contourites -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 13 Contourite Facies and the Facies Model. , 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Historical Context -- 13.3 The Range of Contourite Facies -- 13.4 Contourite Facies Model and the Contourite Sequence -- 13.5 Lamination Versus Bioturbation in Contourites -- 13.6 Contourite-Related Facies -- Acknowledgements -- Appendix 1 Details of Contourite Facies Recovered from Modern Drift Systems Using Conventional Coring Techniques as Published Over the Past 15 Years -- 13A1.1 NW UK Continental Margin -- 13A1.2 Norwegian Continental Margin -- 13A1.3 Greenland Continental Margin -- 13A1.4 Gulf of Cadiz, Iberian Margin -- 13A1.5 Mediterranean Sea -- 13A1.6 East North American Continental Margin -- 13A1.7 East South American Continental Margin -- 13A1.8 East New Zealand Continental Margin, SW Pacific -- 13A1.9 Antarctic Continental Margin and Weddell Sea -- Part 5 Morphology, Geometry and Palaeoceanographic Reconstructions -- Chapter 14 Contourite Drifts: Nature, Evolution and Controls -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Drift Distribution and Characteristics -- 14.3 Growth History of the Blake Outer Ridge Drift System -- 14.4 Factors Controlling Drift Location, Morphology and Depositional Pattern -- 14.5 Contourite-Drift Types -- 14.6 Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 15 Sediment Waves and Bedforms -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Location, Morphology and Genesis of Fine-Grained Sediment Waves -- 15.3 Location, Morphology and Genesis of Coarse-Grained Sediment Waves -- 15.4 Related Large-Scale Features Generated by Bottom Currents -- 15.5 Applications to Bottom-Current Reconstruction: A Case Study From the NW UK -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 16 Seismic Expression of Contourite Depositional Systems -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Seismic Identification and Characteristics of Contourites -- 16.3 Seismic Methods and Interpretation Concepts in Contourite Studies -- 16.4 Summary -- Acknowledgements. , Chapter 17 Identification of Ancient Contourites: Problems and Palaeoceanographic Significance -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Examples of Fossil Contourites -- 17.3 Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- Part 6 Domains -- Chapter 18 Abyssal Plain Contourites -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 Terminology -- 18.3 Case Studies of Abyssal Contourites -- 18.4 Oceanic Gateways -- 18.5 Principal Oceanographic and Sedimentary Processes -- 18.6 Main Characteristics of Abyssal Plain Contourites -- 18.7 Final Considerations -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 19 Continental Slope Contourites -- 19.1 Introduction -- 19.2 Key Examples of Along-Slope Processes -- 19.3 Lower Slope to Continental Rise Transition and Other Kinds of Slopes -- 19.4 Principal Characteristics of Continental-Slope Contourites -- 19.5 Final Considerations -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 20 Shallow-Water Contourites -- 20.1 Introduction -- 20.2 Bottom Currents Shaping Shallow-Water Contourite Deposits -- 20.3 Examples of Shallow-Water Contourites -- 20.4 Discussion -- 20.5 Summary -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 21 Mixed Turbidite-Contourite Systems -- 21.1 Introduction -- 21.2 Contourite and Turbidite Alternation -- 21.3 Redistribution of Gravity Deposits by Contour Currents -- 21.4 Interaction of Synchronous Contour and Turbidity Currents -- 21.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 22 High-Latitude Contourites -- 22.1 Introduction -- 22.2 Neogene and Quaternary Changes in Deep-Water Circulation of the Northern North Atlantic and in the Southern Ocean -- 22.3 Northeast Atlantic Margin Contourites -- 22.4 Antarctic Margin Contourites -- 22.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Part 7 Importance -- Chapter 23 Economic Relevance of Contourites -- 23.1 Introduction -- 23.2 Major Implications of Contourite Studies -- 23.3 Contourites and Petroleum Exploration -- 23.4 Discussion -- Acknowledgements. , Chapter 24 Palaeoceanographic Significance of Contourite Drifts -- 24.1 Introduction -- 24.2 Oceanographic Settings of Contourites -- 24.3 Methods and Approaches -- 24.4 Palaeoceanographic Themes Addressed by Contourite Research -- 24.5 Summary -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 25 The Significance of Contourites for Submarine Slope Stability -- 25.1 Introduction and Objective -- 25.2 Background -- 25.3 Case Studies of Contourites and Submarine Slope Stability -- 25.4 Discussion -- 25.5 Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Index -- Color Plates.
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  • 2
    Schlagwort(e): Marine sediments ; Marine sediments Economic aspects ; Paleoceanography ; Konferenzschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Rohstoffwirtschaft ; Stratigraphie ; Paläoozeanographie ; Konturit ; Konturit ; Meeresboden ; Tiefseesediment ; Sedimenttransport ; Sedimentologie ; Stratigraphie ; Konturit ; Erdgasgeologie ; Erdölgeologie ; Konturit ; Paläoozeanographie ; Stratigraphie ; Rohstoffwirtschaft
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (IX, 350 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9781862392267
    Serie: Geological Society special publication 276
    DDC: 551.468
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 3
    Buch
    Buch
    Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
    Schlagwort(e): Marine sediments ; Konturit
    Materialart: Buch
    Seiten: XXII, 663 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. , 1 CD-ROM
    Ausgabe: 1. ed.
    ISBN: 9780444529985
    Serie: Developments in sedimentology 60
    DDC: 551.4686
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Literaturverz. S. 557 - 613
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-07-25
    Beschreibung: Cilia and flagella are highly conserved motile and sensory organelles in eukaryotes, and defects in ciliary assembly and motility cause many ciliopathies. The two-headed I1 inner arm dynein is a critical regulator of ciliary and flagellar beating. To understand I1 architecture and function better, we analyzed the 3D structure and composition of the I1 dynein in Chlamydomonas axonemes by cryoelectron tomography and subtomogram averaging. Our data revealed several connections from the I1 dynein to neighboring structures that are likely to be important for assembly and/or regulation, including a tether linking one I1 motor domain to the doublet microtubule and doublet-specific differences potentially contributing to the asymmetrical distribution of dynein activity required for ciliary beating. We also imaged three I1 mutants and analyzed their polypeptide composition using 2D gel-based proteomics. Structural and biochemical comparisons revealed the likely location of the regulatory IC138 phosphoprotein and its associated subcomplex. Overall, our studies demonstrate that I1 dynein is connected to multiple structures within the axoneme, and therefore ideally positioned to integrate signals that regulate ciliary motility.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Digitale ISSN: 1091-6490
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Beschreibung: The International Bathymetric Chart of the Southern Ocean (IBCSO) Version 1.0 is a new digital bathymetric model (DBM) portraying the seafloor of the circum-Antarctic waters south of 60° S. IBCSO is a regional mapping project of the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO). IBCSO Version 1.0 DBM has been compiled from all available bathymetric data collectively gathered by more than 30 institutions from 15 countries. These data include multibeam and single beam echo soundings, digitized depths from nautical charts, regional bathymetric gridded compilations, and predicted bathymetry. Specific gridding techniques were applied to compile the DBM from the bathymetric data of different origin, spatial distribution, resolution, and quality. The IBCSO Version 1.0 DBM has a resolution of 500 x 500 m, based on a polar stereographic projection, and is publicly available together with a digital chart for printing from the project website (www.ibcso.org) and at http://dx.doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.805736
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-09-27
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Conference , notRev
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-09-14
    Beschreibung: The West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) and Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet (APIS) have exhibited significant changes over recent decades but there is still great uncertainty about how rapidly and how far they will retreat in a warmer climate. For example, it remains unclear whether or not the marine-based WAIS “collapsed” during the last interglacial period, resulting in a global sea-level rise contribution of more than 3 m. Previous studies, including Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 178, have shown that sediment drifts on the continental rise west of the Antarctic Peninsula contain a rich high-resolution archive of Antarctic margin paleoceanography and APIS history that extends back to at least the Late Miocene. The potential of existing ODP cores from the drifts is, however, compromised by the fact that composite sections are incomplete and lack of precise chronological control. A new drilling proposal (732-Full2) has been scientifically approved and is with the JOIDES Resolution Facilities Board of the International Ocean Discovery Program for scheduling. The main aims of the proposal are to obtain continuous, high-resolution records from sites on sediment drifts off both the Antarctic Peninsula and West Antarctica (southern Bellingshausen Sea) and to achieve good chronological control on them using a range of techniques. We present preliminary results from a recent site survey investigation cruise on RRS James Clark Ross (JR298) that obtained high-resolution multichannel seismic reflection data over the proposed sites and adjacent working areas. The new data provide a basis for interpretation of (i) sedimentary processes that operated during the development of the drifts, and (ii) links between depositional systems on the continental rise, paleo-ice-sheet dynamics and paleoceanographic processes. Through further analyses of seismic and other geophysical data, in combination with marine sediment cores retrieved from the proposed sites, we aim to provide insight into polar margin sediment delivery, Antarctic ice-sheet history and stability, and Antarctic margin paleoceanography. Subsequently, the proposed drilling campaign will allow a detailed chronology to be established on extended records that will provide a basis for high-resolution interpretations extending back through the Pliocene.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Conference , notRev
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Recent developments in paleomagnetism and environmental magnetism provide new tools for the detailed correlation of climatically induced magnetic mineralogy changes in sedimentary sequences. Studies of these changes contribute to the reconstruction of climate history for the glacial^interglacial cycles of the Late Pleistocene and to the delineation of the range of natural variability for global climate during the past hundred thousands years. Here we show that sharp coercivity minima observed in fine-grained sediments from the continental rise of the western Antarctic Peninsula correlate to the major rapid cooling events of the northern Atlantic (Heinrich layers). We interpret such an environmental magnetic signal in terms of variations in deep sea diagenetic processes of sulfide formation, which reflect changes in the input of detrital organic matter controlled by sea-ice extent. With the inherent uncertainties in age controls, the sedimentary paleoclimatic markers of the two hemispheres are almost contemporaneous, but interhemispheric time lags or leads of the order of 1-2 kyr (such as those recently reported from the Greenland and Antarctic ice cores) are also compatible with the data.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 65-80
    Beschreibung: 2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): paleomagnetism ; paleointensity ; Antarctica ; Heinrich events ; climatic correlation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-16
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    In:  EPIC3XXVIII SCAR Open Science Meeting, 25-31 July, Bremen, germany.
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-16
    Beschreibung: The continental rise west of the Antarctic Peninsula is characterized by 12 asymmetric sediment mounds, which elevate up to 1000 m above the surrounding sea floor and are interpreted as drifts (Rebesco et al. 2002). The drifts are separated by erosional channels starting at the base of the continental slope and running seaward down to the abyssal plains. Investigation of high-resolution multichannel reflection seismic profiles carried out at Drift 7 enabled the identification of six seismostratigraphic units representing a pre-drift (sedimentary units M6 and M5), drift growth (sedimentary units M4 and M3), and drift maintenance (sedimentary units M2 and M1) stage (Rebesco et al. 1997, 2003). Boundaries between the defined seismostratigraphic units were tracked along previously interpreted and not-interpreted seismic lines crossing Drift 7 within an interpretation system database (LANDMARKTM). Post-cruise work on sedimentary sequences recovered at ODP Leg 178 Site 1095, which is located at the distal flank of Drift 7, and Site 1096, which lies near its crest, allowed the conversion of the acoustic depths of the boundaries between the seismostratigraphic units into vertical subbottom depths as well as the assignment of these boundaries to chronostratigraphic ages (Volpi et al. 2001,Barker et al. 2002).The analysis of the different sedimentary unitss distribution reveals the following depositional pattern: Whereas units M6 (〉25 Ma) and M5 (15-25 Ma) still rest close to the continental slope, we see a huge build-out for unit M4 (9.5-15 Ma). After that a retreat in the location of the depocentre back towards the continental slope can be detected. A channel between Drift 7 and the continental slope cannot be observed at any stage. Towards Drift 6, we observe channel development starting at the M5/M6 boundary (25 Ma).Those observations indicate modification in sediment supply and transport. Before 15 Ma a SW-setting, near bottom contour current deflected the moderate sediment input towards the southwest, where the material was deposited on and on the lee-side of a basement ridge. Sediment supply strongly increased between 15 and 9.5 Ma indicating turbidity currents, which were much stronger than the bottom current. We regard this as indications for a major advance of the Antarctic ice shelf. Since 9.5 Ma turbidity currents appear to have diminished with the bottom current again taking up the more important role.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Conference , notRev
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