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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A unique basal pattern of p53 expression in ulcerative colitis is associated with mutation in the p53 gene Aims: The p53 protein is implicated in the control of cell proliferation, differentiation, and death. As part of a study characterizing p53 alterations in colonic mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis, we identified a unique pattern of basal p53 immunoreactivity. Methods and results: Tissue samples (n=180) from 42 ulcerative colitis patients were evaluated for p53 alterations by immunohistochemistry, loss of heterozygosity analysis, polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism and direct sequencing. In addition, the expression of the p53- associated proteins p21waf1/cip1 and MDM2 was evaluated immunohistochemically. Three basic patterns of p53 immunoreactivity were observed: (i) isolated immunoreactive cells in the crypt bases; (ii) strongly positive cells confined to the basal half of the glands; and (iii) diffusely staining cells. The basal staining pattern was observed in both non-neoplastic tissues and in some areas of dysplasia, and was associated with normal expression of p21waf1/cip1 in all cases, and with p53 mutation in seven of 11 cases. Conclusions: The basal pattern of p53 expression is associated with mutation in the p53 gene, and appears to be an early change in a subgroup of ulcerative colitis patients. The significance of this pattern of immunoreactivity and the mechanism by which it develops are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: cardioesophageal cancer ; gastric cancer ; p53 mutations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: We investigated p53 gene mutations in advanced gastric cancers by direct DNA sequencing, in order to determine the frequency of mutations in gastric cancers having different epidemiological backgrounds, tumors of the cardia were compared with those arising in the antrum or corpus. Intestinal type cancers were compared with diffuse or other histologic types. We have chosen to assess the frequency of mutations solely based on DNA sequencing. Methods: Paraffin embedded tissues from 100 gastric cancers were evaluated. The mutational status of the p53 gene in exons 5 through 9 were determined by direct sequencing of PCR products. Results: Mutations in exons 5, 6, 7 and 8 were found in 35 of 100 (35%) stomach cancers. One tumor had mutations in both exons 5 and 8. No mutations were detected in exon 9. p53 gene mutations were significantly more frequent in cancers of the cardia (19/35; 54%) than the antrum and corpus (16/65 (25%)) (p ≤ 0.005). p53 mutations were more frequent in intestinal type cancers (28/67; 42%) than diffuse cancers or other histologic types of cancer (7/33; 21%), but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Cancers of the cardia more frequently contain p53 mutations than do antral and corpus cancers, suggesting that cancers in the proximal and distal stomach evolve through different molecular pathways.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2020-12-10
    Description: The night has historically been neglected in both disciplinary and interdisciplinary research. To some extent, this is not surprising, given the diurnal bias of human researchers and the difficulty of performing work at night. The night is, however, a critical element of biological, chemical, physical, and social systems on Earth. Moreover, research into social issues such as inequality, demographic changes, and the transition to a sustainable economy will be compromised if the night is not considered. Recent years, however, have seen a surge in research into the night. We argue that “night studies” is on the cusp of coming into its own as an interdisciplinary field, and that when it does, the field will consider questions that disciplinary researchers have not yet thought to ask.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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