Note: Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Author biographies -- Professor B P Singh -- Professor Manoj K Sharma -- Professor R Prasad -- Symbols -- Symbols -- Chapter 1 Introduction to the history of nuclear reactions and motivation for this book -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Nuclear atom -- 1.3 The first transmutation reaction -- 1.4 Discovery of neutron -- 1.5 Artificial radioactivity -- 1.6 Strong nuclear force -- 1.7 New isotopes -- 1.8 Discovery of fission -- 1.9 Self-sustained fission chain reaction -- 1.10 Fusion reaction -- 1.11 Accelerators -- 1.12 Particle accelerators in India -- 1.13 Radiation detectors -- 1.14 Study of reaction mechanism -- 1.15 Statistical reactions -- 1.16 Experimental verification of independence of formation and decay of compound nucleus -- 1.17 Particle spectra -- 1.18 Experimentally measured energy spectrum of ejectiles -- 1.19 Motivation -- Bibliography -- Chapter 2 Characteristics of binary nuclear reactions -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Classification of nuclear reactions -- 2.3 Conservation laws for nuclear reactions -- 2.4 Quantities not conserved in nuclear reactions -- 2.5 Nuclear reactions versus chemical reactions -- 2.6 Energetics of nuclear reactions -- 2.7 Centre-of-mass frame of reference -- 2.8 Cross-section -- 2.8.1 Nuclear scattering cross-section -- 2.8.2 Experimental determination of nuclear reaction cross-section -- 2.8.3 Experimental requirements for nuclear reaction studies -- Bibliography -- Chapter 3 Theoretical formulation of compound and pre-compound emission -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Compound reaction mechanism -- 3.3 Verification of Bohr's independent hypothesis -- 3.4 Theoretical formulation -- 3.4.1 Parameters of the entrance channel -- 3.4.2 Parameters of exit channel -- 3.5 Hauser-Feshbach formulations -- 3.6 Weisskopf-Ewing formulation -- 3.7 Nuclear level density. , 3.7.1 Models for level density -- 3.7.2 Sources of information about level density -- 3.7.3 Parameterization -- 3.8 Pre-equilibrium emission -- 3.8.1 Some early evidence of pre-equilibrium emission -- Bibliography -- Chapter 4 Models for pre-equilibrium emission -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Intra-nuclear cascade model (INC) -- 4.3 The exciton model -- 4.3.1 The state densities -- 4.3.2 Equilibrium solution of master equation -- 4.3.3 Integrated emission rates -- 4.3.4 Never-come-back approximation -- 4.3.5 Gamma emission -- 4.3.6 Emission of protons and neutrons -- 4.3.7 Two-component exciton states -- 4.3.8 Conservation of angular momentum -- 4.3.9 The generalised exciton model -- 4.3.10 Question mark about the assumption of exciton model -- 4.4 Harp-Miller-Berne (HMB) model -- 4.5 Hybrid model -- 4.5.1 Geometry dependent hybrid model -- 4.6 Quantum mechanical model for pre-equilibrium process -- 4.6.1 MSD theory of FKK -- 4.6.2 Multi-step compound processes (MSCs) -- 4.7 Computer codes -- Bibliography -- Chapter 5 Experimental measurements -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Neutron induced reactions -- 5.2.1 Measurement and analysis of cross-sections -- 5.2.2 Measurements and analysis of energy spectra of light charged particles -- 5.3 Proton induced reactions -- 5.3.1 Measurements and analysis of EFs -- 5.3.2 Measurement and analysis of energy spectra of neutrons -- 5.4 Alpha induced reactions -- 5.4.1 Measurement and analysis of EFs -- 5.4.2 Measurements of neutron energy spectra in α,xn reactions -- 5.5 Heavy-ion induced reactions -- 5.5.1 Measurement and analysis of EFs with 7Li and 11B beams: 7Li+93Nb -- 7Li+89Y and 11B+181Ta systems -- 5.5.2 Measurement and analysis of EFs with 12C beam: 12C+169Tm, 12C+128Te and 12C+ 197Au systems. , 5.5.3 Measurement and analysis of EFs with 14N, 16O, and 19F beams: 14N+181Ta, 16O+159Tb, 16O+169Tm, 16O+181Ta and 19F+169Tm systems -- 5.5.4 Pre-equilibrium emission from recoil range distribution: 16O+159Tb system -- 5.6 In-beam studies of the pre-equilibrium emission -- 5.6.1 Forward-to-backward yield ratios of reaction residues -- 5.6.2 Spin distribution and angular momentum -- Bibliography -- Chapter 6 Data analysis, parameterisation of pre-equilibrium fraction -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Pre-equilibrium fraction -- 6.3 Energy dependence in light-particle-induced reactions -- 6.3.1 In-proton-induced reactions -- 6.3.2 In α-induced reactions -- 6.4 Dependence of relative magnitudes of ƒR and ƒCN on energy -- 6.5 Systematics of pre-equilibrium fraction in odd Z and odd A nuclei -- 6.5.1 In the case of A = 139-203 nuclei -- 6.5.2 In case of A = 63-109 nuclei -- 6.6 Systematics for heavy-ion induced reactions -- 6.7 Pre-equilibrium component from recoil range distribution (RRD) -- 6.8 Pre-equilibrium component from spin distribution measurement -- 6.9 Pre-equilibrium emission and synthesis of SHE -- 6.10 Future perspective -- Bibliography.

Note: Cover -- Fundamentals and Applications of Heavy Ion Collisions -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Figures -- Tables -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 1.1.1 Artificial radioactivity -- 1.1.2 Neutron era -- 1.2 Classification of Ions and Research with Accelerated Light Ions -- 1.3 Accelerated Heavy Ions -- 1.4 Special Features of Heavy Ions -- 1.5 Motivation for this Book -- Chapter 2: Theoretical Tools, Reaction Mechanism and Computer Codes -- 2.1 Complete Fusion of Heavy Ions -- 2.1.1 Hauser-Feshbach formalism for spinless particles -- 2.1.2 Level width and level separation -- 2.1.3 Evaporation spectra -- 2.1.4 Width fluctuation correction -- 2.1.5 Effective transmission coefficients -- 2.1.6 De-excitation sequence of the compound nucleus -- 2.2 The Pre-equilibrium Emission in Statistical Nuclear Reactions -- 2.2.1 The exciton model -- 2.2.2 The Harp-Miller-Berne (HMB) model -- 2.2.3 The hybrid model -- 2.2.4 The intra-nuclear cascade model -- 2.2.5 The totally quantum mechanical model of pre-equilibrium emission -- 2.3 The Incomplete Fusion of Heavy Ions -- 2.3.1 The hot spot model -- 2.3.2 The promptly-emitted particles (PEPs) model -- 2.3.3 The sum rule model -- 2.3.4 Breakup fusion model (BUF) -- 2.4 Computer Codes -- 2.4.1 Computer code PACE 4 -- 2.4.2 Computer code CASCADE -- 2.4.3 Computer codes GNASH and McGNASH -- 2.4.4 Computer code ALICE 91 and ALICE IPPE -- 2.4.5 The computer code EMPIRE -- Chapter 3: Experimental Details and Formulations -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Formulations for Measuring Cross-section -- 3.3 Experimental Details -- 3.3.1 Off-beam experiments -- 3.3.2 Pelletron accelerator at the IUAC, New Delhi -- 3.3.3 Experimental details for the measurement of excitation functions -- 3.4 Target Preparation -- 3.5 Sample Irradiation by HI Beam. , 3.6 Post-irradiation Analysis -- 3.6.1 Calibration of HPGe detector and efficiency measurement -- 3.6.2 Identification of reaction residues -- 3.7 Measurement of Recoil Range Distribution (RRD) of Heavy Residues -- 3.7.1 Target and catcher foil preparation for RRD measurements -- 3.8 Measurement of Angular Distribution of Residues -- 3.9 In-beam Experiments -- 3.9.1 Target preparation -- 3.9.2 Experimental setup used -- 3.9.3 The gamma detector array (GDA) setup -- 3.9.4 Charged particle detector array (CPDA) setup -- 3.9.5 Irradiations for spin distribution measurement -- Chapter 4: Measurements -- 4.1 Measurement of Excitation Functions and their Analysis -- 4.1.1 Reactions initiated by 12C beam -- 4.1.2 Reactions initiated by 13C beam -- 4.1.3 Reactions initiated by 14N beam -- 4.1.4 Reactions initiated by 16O beam -- 4.1.5 Reactions initiated by 18O beam -- 4.1.6 Reactions initiated by 19F beam -- 4.2 Measurement of Recoil Range Distributions (RRD) and their Analysis -- 4.2.1 Recoil range distribution for the system 12C+159Tb -- 4.2.2 Recoil range distribution for the system 16O+159Tb -- 4.2.3 Recoil range distribution for the system 16O+169Tm -- 4.2.4 Recoil range distribution for the system 16O+181Ta -- 4.3 Measurement of Angular Distribution of Heavy Residues and their Analysis -- 4.3.1 Angular distribution of residues emitted from the system 16O+169Tm -- 4.3.2 Angular distributions of the residues emitted from 16O+27Al system -- 4.4 Measurement of Spin Distribution and Feeding Intensity Profiles -- 4.4.1 Measurement of spin distribution and feeding intensity for the system 16O+169Tm -- 4.4.2 Measured spin distribution and feeding intensity profile for the 12C+169Tm system -- 4.5 Measurement of Pre-equilibrium Component in Heavy Ion Reactions at < -- 10 MeV/n Energy -- 4.5.1 Measurement of pre-equilibrium component in the 16O+169Tm system. , 4.5.2 Measurement of pre-equilibrium components in 16O+159Tb, 16O+169Tm and 16O +181Ta systems -- Chapter 5: Results and Conclusions -- 5.1 Incomplete Fusion below 10 MeV/A Energy and its Dependence on Entrance Channel Parameters -- 5.1.1 Dependence of ICF on projectile structure and incident energy -- 5.1.2 Dependence of ICF on mass asymmetry -- 5.1.3 Dependence of ICF on a Q value of the projectile -- 5.1.4 Dependence of ICF on the Coulomb factor (ZP.ZT) -- 5.1.5 Angular momentum (l) distribution and mean input angular momentum for complete and incomplete fusion reactions -- 5.2 Pre-equilibrium Emission in Heavy Ion Reactions at Energies < -- 10 MeV/A -- 5.3 Applications of Heavy Ion Reactions at Energy < -- 10 MeV/A -- 5.3.1 Study of high spin states populated via incomplete fusion -- 5.3.2 Incomplete fusion and synthesis of super heavy elements -- 5.2.3 Incomplete fusion and production of isotopes of special interest -- Appendix -- References -- Index.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Organization -- Contents -- Performance Analysis of Femtocell on Channel Allocation -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 System Configuration -- 3 Design and Analysis -- 3.1 Models and Their Blocking Probabilities -- 3.2 Other Performance Parameters -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- System Level Performance Analysis of Designed LNA and Down Converter for IEEE 802.11ad Receiver -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Design of Receiver Components -- 2.1 Design of Low Noise Amplifier -- 2.2 Design of RF Down Converter -- 2.3 Nonlinearity Issue of Down Converter -- 3 System Level Development of IEEE 802.11ad Receiver -- 4 Results and Discussions -- 4.1 Performance of LNA and Down Converter -- 4.2 Impact of Nonlinearity of Down Converter on Receiver Performance -- 5 Conclusion -- Funding Information. -- References -- Optimizing Multi Gateway Wireless Mesh Networks for Throughput Improvement -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Proposed Architecture -- 3 Optimizing the IEEE 802.11s WMN -- 3.1 Partitioning the WMN -- 3.2 Load Management Scheme (LMS) Among the Partitions of WMN for QoS -- 3.3 Matrix Model of Partitioned WMN and Its Implementation to Validate Integrity of WMN -- 4 Performance Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Analysis of the IMW -- 4.2 Analysis of Average Packet Transfer Delay in WMN -- 4.3 Analysis of Packet Loss -- 5 Conclusions -- 6 Future Work -- References -- Direction Finding Capability in Bluetooth 5.1 Standard -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction to Bluetooth Standard -- 2 Terminologies and Methodology Used for Direction Finding -- 2.1 General Requirements for Target and Tracker Device -- 2.2 Angle of Departure -- 3 Proposed Packet Design -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Hardware Testing Results for Direction Finding Capability -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- Acknowledgment -- References. , An Investigation of Transmission Properties of Double-Exponential Pulses in Core-Clad Optical Fibers for Communication Application -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Characterization of Gaussian and Double Exponential Pulses -- 2.1 Verification of Simulation Technique Using Gaussian Pulse -- 2.2 Gaussian and Double-Exponential Pulses Used -- 2.3 Dispersion Characteristics of Double Exponential Pulses in Single Mode Fibers -- 2.4 Dispersion Characteristics of Double Exponential Pulses in Multi-mode Fibers -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Hybrid Energy Efficient and QoS Aware Algorithm to Prolong IoT Network Lifetime -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Problem Statement -- 3.1 Lifetime of the Network -- 3.2 QoS Stipulation -- 4 Network Architecture -- 4.1 Network Model -- 4.2 Energy Model -- 4.3 Route Discovery Process -- 5 Proposed HEEQA Algorithm -- 6 Simulation and Results -- 6.1 Simulation Model -- 6.2 Simulation Results -- 6.3 Variation of Energy Level -- 6.4 Average End-to-End Delay -- 6.5 Delivery Ratio -- 6.6 Transmission Overhead -- 6.7 Network Lifetime -- 6.8 Network Throughput -- 7 Conclusions and Future Work -- References -- Data Integration and Management in Indian Poultry Sector -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 State of Art -- 3 Proposed System -- 4 Implementation -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- CA-RPL: A Clustered Additive Approach in RPL for IoT Based Scalable Networks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Proposed Work -- 4 Result and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Implementation of Trilateration Based Localization Approach for Tree Monitoring in IoT -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Proposed System -- 3 Implementation and Simulation -- 4 Result and Analysis -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References. , Expert System Design for Automated Prediction of Difficulties in Securing Airway in ICU and OT -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Recent Related Work -- 3 Proposed Methodology -- 3.1 Proposed Expert System Approach -- 3.2 Architecture of Proposed Expert System Design -- 3.3 Architecture of Airway Management Physical Parameters -- 3.4 Patients Physical Airway Parameters Associated with Difficult Mask Ventilation -- 3.5 Rulebase Design -- 3.6 Rulebase for Mask Ventilation -- 4 Expert System Implementation -- 4.1 Software Tools Used -- 4.2 Patient Data Processing -- 5 Results Analysis -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- A Comparative Study on Load Balancing Algorithms in Software Defined Networking -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background and Related Work -- 2.1 SDN Architecture -- 3 Load Balancing Architecture -- 4 Result and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- Acknowledgment -- References -- CloudSDN: Enabling SDN Framework for Security and Threat Analytics in Cloud Networks -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background and Motivation -- 2.1 SDN-Enabled Cloud Computing -- 2.2 SDNFV Converged Architecture -- 2.3 SDN - OpenStack Interaction Model -- 2.4 New Opportunities and Challenges in Cloud Security -- 2.5 Related Work -- 3 Proposed Architecture -- 3.1 Architecture Overview -- 3.2 Multi-plane Collaborative Defense -- 3.3 Security Service Function Chaining -- 3.4 Operation of CloudSDN -- 4 Design and Implementation -- 4.1 OpenStack Neutron SDN Layers -- 4.2 OpenvSwitch SDN Data Plane -- 4.3 OpenDaylight SDN Control Plane -- 4.4 Implementation -- 5 Preliminary Experimentation -- 5.1 Comparison with Traditional Snort-Iptables IDS/IPS -- 5.2 Comparison with Classic OpenFlow SDN -- 5.3 Comparison of Linux Bridge/Classic OpenStack/CloudSDN -- 6 Conclusions and Future Work -- References. , NB-FTBM Model for Entity Trust Evaluation in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network Security -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Entity Trust Model (ETM) -- 3.1 Entity Identification (E-ID) Module -- 3.2 Entity Reputation (E-RP) Module -- 4 Fuzzy Trust Boundary Model -- 4.1 E-ID Trust Boundary -- 4.2 E-RP Trust Boundary -- 5 Decision making in NB-FTBM -- 5.1 Naive Bayesian theorem -- 6 Performance Evaluation -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Threshold Cryptography Based Light Weight Key Management Technique for Hierarchical WSNs -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works and Problem Statement -- 3 Network Model -- 3.1 Key Generation Phase -- 3.2 Construction Phase -- 4 Proposed Hierarchal Threshold Scheme -- 4.1 Sharing Phase -- 4.2 Recovering Phase -- 4.3 Network Initialization Phase -- 4.4 Intra Cluster Pairwise Key Generation -- 5 Simulation Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Denoising Epigraphical Estampages Using Nested Run Length Count -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Proposed Method -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Improving Transition Probability for Detecting Hardware Trojan Using Weighted Random Patterns -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Proposed Methodology -- 2.1 Generating the Circuit's Netlist -- 2.2 Determining the Transition Probability for Each Gate -- 2.3 Identifying Suitable Insertion Point -- 2.4 Application of Weighted Random Patterns -- 3 Weighted Random Pattern -- 3.1 Introduction to Weighted Random Number Generator -- 3.2 Weight Random Pattern Number Generator Algorithm -- 3.3 Algorithm for Detection of HTS -- 4 Experimental Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Prefix Tree Based MapReduce Approach for Mining Frequent Subgraphs -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Proposed Work -- 3.1 Data Pre-processing -- 3.2 Candidate Generation. , 3.3 Support Counting -- 4 Experimental Validation and Verification -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Taxonomy of Methods and Models Used in Program Transformation and Parallelization -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Taxonomy of Methods Used in Program Transformation -- 2.1 Instruction Count Reduction -- 2.2 Locality Improvement -- 2.3 Memory Latency Reduction -- 2.4 Parallalization Enablement -- 2.5 Transformation Enablement -- 3 Taxonomy of Methods Used in Program Parallelization -- 3.1 Simplicity and Ease of Use -- 3.2 Performance -- 3.3 Granularity -- 3.4 Program Structure or Module -- 3.5 Scalability -- 3.6 Novelty -- 3.7 Orchestration and Management -- 4 Taxonomy of Models Used in Transformation and Parallelization -- 4.1 Tree Based Models -- 4.2 Graph Based Models -- 4.3 Machine Learning Based Models -- 4.4 Models Based on Algebra -- 4.5 Models Based on Statistics -- 4.6 Models Based on Enumeration -- 4.7 Models Based on Heuristics -- 5 A Graphical Taxonomy of Methods and Models Used in Transformation and Parallelization -- 5.1 A Graphical Taxonomy of Methods Used in Transformation -- 5.2 A Graphical Taxonomy of Methods Used in Parallelization -- 5.3 A Graphical Taxonomy of Models Used in Transformation and Parallelization -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Time Bound Robot Mission Planning for Priority Machine Using Linear Temporal Logic for Multi Goals -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Linear Temporal Logic -- 3 Proposed Methodology -- 3.1 Overall Solution Design -- 3.2 Triangulation -- 4 Mission Solver -- 5 Results and Discussions -- 5.1 Simulation Scenario 1 -- 5.2 Simulation Scenario 2 -- 5.3 Simulation Scenario 3 -- 6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Author Index.