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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of various combinations of free, complexed and total prostate-specific antigen levels as predictors of the pathologic stage of prostate cancer (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    International journal of urology 8 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The efficacy of various combinations of total, free and complexed prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were assessed to predict the pathologic stage of prostate cancer.Methods: Total PSA (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA) and complexed PSA (cPSA) levels were measured preoperatively in 52 patients with clinical localized prostate cancer who had undergone radical prostatectomy. Pathologic stages were classified as: organ-confined (n = 27); capsular penetration (n = 14); seminal vesicle involvement (n = 8); involvement of the surgical margins (n = 10); and lymph node involvement (n = 3).Results: The fPSA/tPSA and fPSA/cPSA ratios significantly differed between patients with organ-confined disease and non-organ-confined disease (P = 0.035, P = 0.033, respectively) and between those with favorable versus unfavorable pathology (P = 0.001, P = 0.014, respectively), but tPSA, cPSA, fPSA and the cPSA/tPSA ratio did not. Using a fPSA/tPSA cutoff level of 11%, the prediction of organ-confined disease would increase from 52 to 67% and the rate of predicting favorable pathology would increase from 42 to 62%. A fPSA/cPSA cutoff level of 12% would increase the rate of predicting organ-confined disease to 79% and the rate of predicting favorable pathology would increase to 69%. The positive predictive value of the fPSA/cPSA ratio was higher than that of the fPSA/tPSA ratio, although the receiver operating characteristic curve of the fPSA/cPSA ratio was not different from that of the fPSA/tPSA ratio.Conclusion: Although there was no predictive difference found between fPSA/tPSA and fPSA/cPSA ratio, both ratios may help predict the pathologic stage of prostate cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2042.2001.00351.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of circulating MUC7-positive cells by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction in bladder cancer patients (2004)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    International journal of urology 11 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background:  To determine whether MUC7 gene expression can be used as a bladder cancer marker in peripheral blood.Methods:  Nested reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on four types of bladder cancer cell lines (RT4, T24, EJ-1 and TCC) and the peripheral blood of 38 (31 superficial disease and seven invasive disease) bladder cancer patients and 18 subjects with urinary tract infections or other non-malignant conditions to determine the expression of MUC7.Results:  No MUC7 gene expression was detected in control subjects. MUC7-positive cells were detected in all bladder cancer cell lines and in 18 of 38 (47.4%) peripheral blood samples of bladder cancer patients. Based on the tumor stage, MUC7 was detected in 11 of 29 (37.9%) patients with superficial disease (Ta and T1) and in seven of nine (77.7%) invasive disease patients (≥T2). There was a significant difference between superficial and invasive disease (P = 0.042). Based on tumor grade, we could not detect MUC7 in five patients with grade 1, in five of 15 patients (33.3%) with grade 2 and in 13 of 18 patients (72.2%) with grade 3. There was a significant difference between grades 1 and 3 (P = 0.007) and grades 2 and 3 (P = 0.025).Conclusions:  These results suggest that MUC7 is a highly specific marker for bladder cancer and may be a useful method for the molecular staging and management of bladder cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.2004.00739.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular Staging of Prostate Cancer: Comparison of Nested Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Using Prostate Specific Antigen Versus Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen as Primer (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of urology 5 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: We examined the utility for prostate cancer staging of nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using either prostate specific antigen (PSA) or prostate specific membrane antigen (PSM) as primer. Methods: LNCaP cells were used for the in vitro quantification of RT-PCR. RT-PCR was performed on the peripheral blood of 105 control subjects and 63 patients with prostate cancer (32 who eventually underwent radical prostatectomy and 31 with clinical stage D2 cancer). Results: The nested RT-PCR for the PSA and PSM primers was able to detect 1 LNCaP cell per 106 leukemia (K562) cells. Noneof the control subjects was found positive for the presence of prostate cancer cells by nested RT-PCR. In the 32-patient surgery group, the results of nested RT-PCR were significantly correlated with the pathologic stage of the cancer when using PSM primers (P=2.00times10-3 by Kendall's correlation test) but not when using PSA primers (P=0.06). Extraprostatic extension was significantly more closely correlated with positive PSM nested RT-PCR results (P=0.012 by Fisher's exact probability test) than with positive results of PSA, nested RT-PCR, digital rectal examination, CT imaging, level of serum PSA or Cleason score. In the untreated stage D2 patients, the positive result rate of PSM nested RT-PCR was significantly higher than that of PSA nested RT-PCR (P=0.025 by McNemar test). Conclusion: Nested RT-PCR using PSM primers appears to predict the prostate cancer stage more accurately than does nested RT-PCR using PSA primers or conventional clinical staging modalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.1998.tb00365.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predictors of prostate cancer on repeat prostatic biopsy in men with serum total prostate-specific antigen between 4.1 and 10 ng/mL (2003)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    International journal of urology 10 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objectives: We determine whether the different molecular forms of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and other PSA variables can predict prostate cancer in men undergoing repeat prostate needle biopsy.Methods: Between 1997 and 2001, repeat biopsy was performed in 97 patients who had undergone prior negative prostate biopsy. The ability of total PSA (tPSA), complexed PSA (cPSA), free PSA (fPSA), free-to-total PSA (fPSA/tPSA), free-to-complexed PSA (fPSA/cPSA), complexed-to-total PSA (cPSA/tPSA), tPSA density (tPSAD), cPSA density (cPSAD), transition zone tPSA density (tPSATZ) and transition zone cPSA density (cPSATZ) was assessed by univariate and multivariate analyzes as well as receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves.Results: Prostate cancer on repeat biopsy was detected in 24% of subjects (23 of 97) who had a negative initial biopsy. The PSA parameters cut-off to ensure a 96% sensitivity of cancer detection, were 29% using fPSA/tPSA, 32% using fPSA/cPSA, 0.18 ng/mL/cc using tPSATZ and 0.16 ng/mL/cc using cPSATZ. The fPSA/tPSA would have prevented 32% of negative biopsies, the fPSA/cPSA 28%, the tPSATZ 23% and the cPSATZ 30%. ROC curve analysis fPSA/tPSA, fPSA/cPSA ratios, tPSATZ and cPSATZ were significantly better predictors of repeat biopsy results than tPSA or cPSA, but there was no significant difference in the ROC curves among these four PSA parameters. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis these four PSA parameters were significant predictors for cancer detection in the repeat biopsy group (P 〈 0.001).Conclusion: fPSA/tPSA ratio, fPSA/cPSA ratio, tPSATZ and cPSATZ enhance the specificity of PSA testing compared to tPSA or cPSA when determining which patients should undergo repeat biopsy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0919-8172.2003.00605.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial Comments (2000)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    International journal of urology 7 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2042.2000.0193a.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of pulsed dye laser and pneumatic lithotripters for transurethral ureterolithotripsy (2000)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    International journal of urology 7 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Clinical effectiveness and safety of the Swiss Lithoclast (Lithoclast) and the Candela MDL-2000 (MDL) in the treatment of lower ureteral stone were examined retrospectively. Methods : Eighty-six stones from 66 patients and 26 stones from 20 patients were treated by Lithoclast and MDL, respectively. Results : The stone-free rate on 3-month follow-up was 97% and 95% for the Lithoclast and MDL, respectively (no significant difference). The operation time was significantly shorter for the Lithoclast than for the MDL (90.2 ± 50.2 vs 120.4 ± 55.1 min; P 〈 0.05). Postoperative analgesics were required significantly less frequently in Lithoclast (10/66 vs 11/20; P 〈 0.01). Postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter for Lithoclast (8.7 ± 5.1 vs 12.1 ± 4.2 days; P 〈 0.01). Conclusions : Swiss Lithoclast is an effective and less invasive modality for endoscopic treatment of lower ureteral stones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2042.2000.00163.x
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