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  • 1
    In: Bauphysik, Wiley, Vol. 45, No. 2 ( 2023-04), p. 107-121
    Abstract: Life cycle assessment of adaptive skins and structures The assessment of environmental impacts is crucial in the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies and concepts. The development of adaptive buildings is no exception and also places far‐reaching demands on all disciplines involved. The full integration of life cycle assessment into the planning and design process makes it possible to use environmental impacts as optimization parameters in the complex, dynamic calculation tools. The results of SFB 1244 to date confirm that adaptive load‐bearing structures and façades have great potential for saving resources and environmental impacts. The holistic approach, both in terms of the life cycle and the interdisciplinary dependencies, ensures that the relevant effects and influences are taken into account in the assessment. However, this confronts the life cycle assessment method with new challenges in dealing with a large number of variants and the extensive interactions between design and influences on parameters in the use phase, such as energy consumption or service life.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0171-5445 , 1437-0980
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: German
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2151235-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 244802-6
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Actuators Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2021-10-16), p. 273-
    In: Actuators, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2021-10-16), p. 273-
    Abstract: The building industry accounts for half of the global resource consumption and roughly one third of global CO2 emissions. Global population growth and increasing resource scarcities require engineers and architects to build for more people with less material and emissions. One promising solution are adaptive load-bearing structures. Here, the load-bearing structure is equipped with actuators, sensors, and a control unit which allows the structure to adapt to different load cases, resulting in substantial material savings. While the first prototypes use industry standard actuators to manipulate deformations and stress states, it is essential to develop actuator concepts which fit the specific requirements of civil engineering structures. This paper introduces new concepts for linear actuators, developed within the Collaborative Research Centre (SFB) 1244 Adaptive Skins and Structures for the Built Environment of Tomorrow, which can be used as adaptive concrete columns. The concept of an actuator which actuates a concrete column by external compression through hydraulic pressure is discussed in further detail. This concept allows for controlled axial extension while also increasing the compressive strength of the concrete column.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-0825
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2682469-3
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  • 3
    In: Beton- und Stahlbetonbau, Wiley, Vol. 118, No. 5 ( 2023-05), p. 320-331
    Abstract: Lightweight construction with concrete – selected research work of ILEK – Part 2: Lightweight structures Since more than 20 years the Institute for Lightweight Structures and Conceptual Design has been dealing in interdisciplinary research projects with the supposed paradox of “lightweight construction with concrete”. In a two‐part article, excerpts from current research on this topic are now presented. While the first part of this article focuses on lightweight materials, the second part deals with lightweight structures with an emphasis on design and manufacturing approaches for resource‐efficient and more sustainable concrete components. This includes recent investigations into the load‐bearing behavior and prestressing of functionally graded concrete structures. In addition to minimizing the component weight, it is shown how the ecological footprint can be further reduced by designing reusable concrete segments. Approaches to the zero‐waste production of resource‐saving, filigree structures by means of additive manufacturing processes are demonstrated using the example of 3D‐printed recyclable sand formwork and bio‐concrete. Finally, beyond classical lightweight construction, potentials for further material savings through adaptive concrete components are presented.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0005-9900 , 1437-1006
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: German
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2151239-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 240053-4
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  • 4
    In: Bautechnik, Wiley, Vol. 99, No. 10 ( 2022-10), p. 731-745
    Abstract: Life cycle assessment of adaptive skins and structures The assessment of environmental impacts is crucial in the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies and concepts. The development of adaptive buildings is no exception and also places far‐reaching demands on all disciplines involved. The full integration of life cycle assessment into the planning and design process makes it possible to use environmental impacts as optimization parameters in the complex, dynamic calculation tools. The results of SFB 1244 to date confirm that adaptive load‐bearing structures and façades have great potential for saving resources and environmental impacts. The holistic approach, both in terms of the life cycle and the interdisciplinary dependencies, ensures that the relevant effects and influences are taken into account in the assessment. However, this confronts the life cycle assessment method with new challenges in dealing with a large number of variants and the extensive interactions between design and influences on parameters in the use phase, such as energy consumption or service life.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0932-8351 , 1437-0999
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: German
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2151238-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 240073-X
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  • 5
    In: Frontiers in Built Environment, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2023-10-10)
    Abstract: In the present study, the adaptive behavior of a concrete beam with integrated fluidic actuators was numerically investigated through three-dimensional (3D) non-linear finite element (FE) analysis. The employed numerical approach for the mechanical behavior of concrete is based on the microplane theory, implemented in the in-house software MAcroscopic Space Analysis (MASA). Different cases were analyzed and the results compared with experimental tests available in the literature. First, a reference concrete beam without actuators was numerically analyzed in order to calibrate and validate the employed non-linear microplane material model. Thereafter, the validated model was used for the non-linear analysis of the concrete beam with integrated fluidic actuators, with respect to different load cases. The obtained results confirm the capability of the model to reproduce the deformational behavior of the beam for all analyzed cases. A fundamental aspect is the realistic modeling of the actuators and related applied pressure. The use of a non-linear material model allows to realistically capture the possible cracking and consequent failure of the beam. It is worth mentioning that a full model validation should be extended to the long-term behavior of actuated structural elements. In future perspective, the well-established numerical framework for concrete, based on coupled 3D hygro-thermo-mechanical model, can be used to 1) investigate the performance of adaptive structural components, with respect to more complex loading conditions, e.g., cyclic; 2) perform durability analysis under exposure to different combinations of mechanical and/or environmental loading conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2297-3362
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2835358-4
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  • 6
    In: Civil Engineering Design, Wiley, Vol. 4, No. 1-3 ( 2022-06), p. 35-42
    Abstract: As the world population keeps growing, so does the demand for new construction. Considering material resources are limited, it will be unfeasible to meet such demand employing conventional construction methods. A new resource‐saving approach is provided by adaptive structures. Using sensors, actuators and control units, structures are enabled to adapt to loads, for example, to compensate for deformations. Since deformations are dominant in the design of bending‐stressed load‐bearing structures, adaptivity enables such structures to be realized using less material and achieving the same load‐bearing capacity in comparison to conventional designs. This article presents a concrete beam of typical building dimensions that compensates deflections by means of integrated fluidic actuators. These actuators offer the possibility of reacting optimally to general loading. The investigation is carried out on an approximately 4‐m‐long beam with integrated hydraulic actuators. To ensure the overall functionality, accurate dimensioning of the beam as well as the hydraulic system is mandatory. Analytical design of the beam and actuation system are carried out for predimensioning. Experimental testing validates the function and demonstrates that the adaptive beam works as predicted. A fully compensation in deflection is possible. Therefore, a significant increase in load‐bearing capacity is possible with the same material input compared to conventional beams.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2625-073X , 2625-073X
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2933000-2
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  • 7
    In: CivilEng, MDPI AG, Vol. 3, No. 3 ( 2022-09-10), p. 809-830
    Abstract: Previous work has shown that floor slabs make up most of the material mass of building structures and are typically made of reinforced concrete. Considering the associated resource consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, new approaches are needed in order to reduce the built environment’s impact on the ongoing climate crisis. Various studies have demonstrated that adaptive building structures offer a potential solution for reducing material resource consumption and associated emissions. Adaptive structures have the ability to improve load-bearing performance by specifically reacting to external loads. This work applies the concept of adaptive structures to reinforced concrete slabs through the integration of fluidic actuators into the cross-section. The optimal integration of actuators in reinforced concrete slabs is a challenging interdisciplinary design problem that involves many parameters. In this work, actuation influence matrices are extended to slabs and used as an analysis and evaluation tool for deriving actuation concepts for adaptive slabs with integrated fluidic actuators. To define requirements for the actuator concept, a new procedure for the selection of actuation modes, actuator placement and the computation of actuation forces is developed. This method can also be employed to compute the required number of active elements for a given load case. The new method is highlighted in a case study of a 2 m × 2 m floor.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-4109
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 8
    In: Engineering Structures, Elsevier BV, Vol. 310 ( 2024-07), p. 118129-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0141-0296
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002833-7
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