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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry for the determination of Cu, Cd, Ni and Co in atmospheric samples
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytica Chimica Acta 291 (1994), S. 321-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-2670
    Keywords: Aerosols ; Atmospheric samples ; Atomic absorption spectrometry ; Cadmium ; Cobalt ; Copper ; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ; Nickel ; Stripping voltammetry
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0003-2670(94)80027-8
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the detection window on the determination of organic copper speciation in estuarine waters
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Analytica Chimica Acta 232 (1990), S. 149-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-2670
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0003-2670(00)81231-3
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of menstrual cycle phase and oral contraceptive use on intermittent exercise (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 78 (1998), S. 565-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Key words Follicular phase ; Luteal phase ; Synthetic hormones ; Blood metabolites ; Repeated runs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Five women using low-dose, monophasic oral contraceptive (OC) agents (OC group) and ten normally menstruating women (Non-OC group) performed a treadmill protocol to determine the effect of OCs and the menstrual cycle (MC) on intermittent exercise performance and some commonly used metabolic markers. The Non-OC group were tested once in the mid-follicular phase (MFP) and once in the late luteal phase (LLP) of the MC, while the OC group performed their first test within 1 week of taking the OC (T1) and their second test 1 week later (T2). Despite performance time being the same in both groups [mean (SD), Non-OC group: 77.7 (14.9) s versus OC group: 77.7 (21.1)s], plasma ammonia concentration ([NH3]pl) was higher in the Non-OC group when compared to the OC group throughout recovery (P 〈 0.05). No differences were found in blood lactate (BLa), maximum heart rate or aural temperature (T au) between groups. Within the Non-OC group T au increased with exercise in both phases (P 〈 0.05), however T au was higher in the LLP at rest [36.1 (0.3)°C) and 1 min post-exercise [37.1 (0.6)°C), when compared to the MFP [35.8 (0.3) and 36.9 (0.7)°C, rest and 1 min post-exercise respectively, P 〈 0.05]. Within the OC group T1 resulted in a higher peak BLa [11.2 (0.4) mmol/l] and [NH3]pl (143.0 (26.2) Umol/l] when compared to T2 [BLa, 9.6 (0.9); [NH3], 119.4 (48.1), P〈0.05]. These results suggest that: (1) exercise performance does not vary between the MFP and the LLP of the MC, nor does it appear to be affected by the number of days using the OC, and (2) an altered metabolism occurs both between groups (Non-OC versus OC) and within the OC group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004210050462
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of moderate dietary manipulation on intermittent exercise performance and metabolism in women (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 81 (2000), S. 197-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Key words Pre-menopausal women ; Diet ; Blood metabolites ; Repeated runs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of a moderate alteration in pre-exercise diet composition on the performance of, and metabolic response to, intermittent treadmill exercise in a group of normally menstruating females. Eight recreationally active women performed two intermittent, incremental exercise trials, one preceded by 2 days of a high [61 (1)%] carbohydrate (CHO) diet and the other by 2 days of a low [31 (1)%] CHO diet. Oxygen uptake (VO2) was measured during, and blood samples were obtained immediately after, each bout for the determination of blood lactate, glucose, glycerol, plasma free fatty acids and plasma ammonia. Performance, as assessed by time to exhaustion in the final bout, was found to be similar whether preceded by a high- or low-CHO diet [median (range): 28.0 (18–54) s, 29 (18–54) s, respectively]. No significant between trial differences were found in VO2, heart rate, or any of the blood metabolites. The results of the current study indicate that moderate alterations of pre-exercise diet do not affect intermittent, high-intensity exercise performance in women, despite some evidence of an alteration in the pattern of the metabolic response to exercise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004210050030
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutrification impacts on coral reefs from northern Bahia, Brazil (2000)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 440 (2000), S. 307-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: coral reef ; eutrophication ; nutrients ; groundwater contamination ; Brazil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Coral reefs extend for 20 km along the north coast of the state of Bahia, Brazil. Over the last 15 years, this region has experienced an acceleration of generally unplanned urbanisation, with the irregular and indiscriminate use of septic tanks in urban centres contaminating the groundwater. This infiltration of nutrients and pathogens is facilitated by both the soil permeability and an accented hydraulic head, which eventually leads to the percolation of nutrient-rich groundwater seaward to the reefs. The groundwater nutrient concentrations (nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate and silicate) from Guarajuba beach (a highly urbanised area) are over 10 times higher than groundwater from Papa Gente beach, an area of low human occupation. The pH values of the groundwater samples also indicate the predominance of reducing conditions in Guarajuba, due to the high availability of organic matter and consequent bacterial activity. Additionally, faecal coliform data indicate domestic wastewater as the source of groundwater contamination. High densities of macroalgae and heterotrophic organisms on the impacted reefs, as well as higher concentrations of nutrients, evoke the effects of eutrophication on this coral reef ecosystem. These data suggest that the high availability of nutrients is affecting the trophic structure in the study area, especially in Guarajuba, with the increased turf and macroalgae growth reducing light penetration to the coral colonies, competing with them for space and inhibiting the settlement of new coral larvae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004104118208
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The determination of trace levels of iron in seawater, using adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 3 (1991), S. 477-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A sensitive procedure to determine trace levels of iron in, seawater is proposed which utilizes adsorptive deposition of the complex of Fe(III) with 1-nitroso-2-naphthol (1-N-2-N) on the mercury drop electrode. Optimized conditions include a solution concentration of 20 μM 1-N-2-N and a pH of 6.9; an adsorption potential of -0.25 V is applied, and the potential scan is in the linear sweep mode. The limit of detection is 0.2 nM Fe using a deposition time of 10 minutes. Peak instability due to adsorption of Fe(III) on either the voltammetric cell or rejected mercury drops is eliminated by addition of hydroxylammonium, which reduces the dissolved Fe(III) to Fe(II). The reaction mechanism of the analytical procedure therefore includes oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) at the electro surface with the subsequent complexation by 1-N-2-N and adsorption on the mercury drop; the reduction current of the adsorbed and complexed, Fe(III) is then measured.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140030606
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  • 7
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    An automated monitor to determine trace metal particle/dissolved interactions in natural waters (2004)
    Elsevier
    In:  Analytica Chimica Acta, 521 (1). pp. 69-76.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-30
    Description: A novel automated metal monitor was optimised and validated for high temporal resolution (every 45 s to 5 min) measurements of dissolved Cu by adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (AdCSV), Pb and Zn by anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). The system was designed to allow the determination of both total (with UV digestion) and labile (without UV digestion) dissolved trace metal concentrations in seawater equilibrated with aerosol particles. There was negligible contamination or adsorption of trace metals from the experimental system and reaction vessel. Observed recoveries from certified reference materials for Cu, Pb and Zn were within the certified values; detection limits for total Cu, Pb and Zn were 28, 4 and 63 nM, respectively. The system was applied to the investigation of the desorption of trace metals from an urban aerosol end-member (Liverpool Urban Particulate Material; LUPM, 50 mg l -1) in seawater. Carefully controlled and optimised experimental conditions were implemented. The analytical limits of detection of Cu, Pb and Zn were 〈25 of the mean desorbed metal concentrations from LUPM. Contamination from reagents were 〈0.1 of the mean sample concentration. Separate experimental runs measuring the desorption of the dissolved trace metals from the aerosol sample had good repeatability (e.g. for labile determinations mean R.S.D. 〈5 for Zn; 〈10 for Cu and Pb). The high temporal resolution datasets generated by the metal monitor were used to calculate model desorption rate constants. The following range of constants were calculated 0.0047-0.015 min-1 (Cu); 0.049-0.056 min-1 (Zn) and 0.039-0.052 min-1 (Pb)
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.05.066
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Determination of dissolved organic carbon in seawater using high temperature catalytic oxidation techniques (2000)
    Elsevier
    In:  TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 19 (8). pp. 498-506.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-05-04
    Description: The high temperature catalytic oxidation (HTCO)-discrete injection method for liquid samples is currently the preferred analytical technique for the determination of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in natural water samples. This approach yields equivalent or greater amounts of DOC than wet chemical oxidation methods, is suitable for routine analyses and is stable for shipboard determinations. However, a limited understanding of evaluation criteria for instrument performance presents a number of analytical challenges. This article discusses current practical problems encountered in the (i) collection and handling, (ii) preservation, (iii) decarbonation and (iv) analysis of seawater samples and reviews recent improvements in HTCO systems. Particular reference is made to the issue of certified reference materials and the oxidation efficiency of the technique. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/S0165-9936(00)00022-4
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    Development of a simple extraction procedure using ligand competition for biogeochemically available metals of estuarine suspended particulate matter (1999)
    Elsevier
    In:  Analytica Chimica Acta, 392 (1). pp. 3-17.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-30
    Description: Sorption of trace metals by suspended particulate matter (SPM) in estuarine systems has important implications for the fate of dissolved metals in these waters. This paper describes the development of a single extraction procedure for SPM-associated trace metals, using a ligand competition approach with EDTA as the added complexing ligand. The use of EDTA allows the determination of available particulate trace metals using well defined constraints with respect to the competition for trace metals between EDTA and the particles. Incubation experiments showed that equilibrium times between EDTA and particulate material of 72h were required to reach equilibrium for most of the metals studied (Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, Co, Al, Fe, Pb and Mg). Optimum conditions included a 0.05M EDTA concentration and the use of an extractant: particulate matter ratio of 200:1 (v:w). Kinetic calculations on data from the incubation experiments were used to calculate the apparent stability constants (K(MeS)) for the metal-particulate matter interaction and indicated values ranging from 10-2.1 for K(MgS) to 10-13.5 for K(CuS). Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(99)00285-8
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 10
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    On-line voltammetric monitoring of dissolved Cu and Ni in the Gulf of Cadiz, south-west Spain (1998)
    Elsevier
    In:  Analytica Chimica Acta, 377 (2-3). pp. 205-215.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-02-04
    Description: Geochemical processes in estuarine and coastal waters often occur on temporally and spatially small scales, resulting in variability of metal speciation and dissolved concentrations. Thus, surveys, which are aimed to improve our understanding of metal behaviour in such systems, benefit from high-resolution, interactive sampling campaigns. The present paper discusses a high-resolution approach to coastal monitoring, with the application of an automated voltammetric metal analyser for on-line measurements of dissolved trace metals in the Gulf of Cadiz, south-west Spain. This coastal sea receives metal-rich inputs from a metalliferous mining area, mainly via the Huelva estuary. On-line measurements of dissolved Cu, Zn, Ni and Co were carried out on-board ship during an eight-day sampling campaign in the study area in June 1997. A pumping system operated continuously underway and provided sampled water from a depth of ca. 4m. Total dissolved metal concentrations measured on-line in the Gulf of Cadiz ranged between 〈5nM Cu (〈3nM Ni) ca. 50km off-shore and 60-90nM Cu (5-13nM Ni) in the vicinity of the Huelva estuary. The survey revealed steep gradients and strong tidal variability in the dissolved metal plume extending from the Huelva estuary into the Gulf of Cadiz. Further on-line measurements were carried out with the automatic metal monitor from the bank of the Odiel estuary over a full tidal cycle, at dissolved metal concentrations in the μM range. The application confirmed the suitability of the automated metal monitor for coastal sampling, and demonstrated its adaptability to a wide range of environmental conditions in the dynamic waters of estuaries and coastal seas. The near-real time acquisition of dissolved metal concentrations at high resolution enabled an interactive sampling campaign and therefore the close investigation of tidal variability in the development of the Huelva estuary metal plume. Copyright (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(98)00426-7
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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