Note: Intro -- Series Preface -- Preface -- Contents -- Biotic and Abiotic Contamination Due to Emerging Pollutants in Sewage Sludge and Soils: A Country-Based Perspective -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Emerging Pollutants in Sewage Sludge -- 2.1 Emerging Pollutants of Abiotic Origin in Sewage Sludge -- 2.2 Emerging Pollutants of Biotic Origin in Sewage Sludge -- 3 Emerging Pollutants in Soils -- 3.1 Emerging Pollutants of Abiotic Origin in Soils -- 3.2 Emerging Pollutants of Biotic Origin in Soils -- 4 Overall Situation and Perspectives -- References -- Pharmaceuticals and Their Metabolites in Sewage Sludge and Soils: Distribution and Environmental Risk Assessment -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Occurrence of PhCs and Metabolites Alongside Sludge Stabilization Treatments -- 3 Distribution of PhCs and Metabolites in Soil -- 4 Environmental Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals and Metabolites in Soil -- 5 Conclusions and Future Trends -- References -- Microplastics in Soils as a Source of Pollution and Environmental Risk -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 General Framework of Plastic Composition and Uses -- 2 Microplastics -- 3 Pathways of Occurrence in Soils -- 4 Environmental Risks -- 5 Introduction to Analysis of Microplastics in Soils -- 6 Conclusions and Future Trends -- References -- Environmental Transmission of Human Pathogens Associated with SARS-CoV-2 and the Effect on Soil and Aquatic Ecosystem: A Biolo... -- 1 Introduction -- 2 General Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 -- 3 Chances of Survival of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Environmental Circumstances -- 4 Impacts of SARS-CoV-2 Virus, with Main Focus on Soil and Aquatic Ecosystems -- 5 Transmission Route of SARS-CoV-2 into Aquatic Systems -- 6 Transmission Route of SARS-CoV-2 into the Soil System -- 7 Interaction Between Soil-SARS-CoV-2 and Water-SARS-CoV-2: A Metagenomic Overview. , 7.1 Bioinformatic Tools in Recovery of SARS-CoV-2 from Soil and Aquatic Systems -- 7.2 Robotics in Recovery of Soil and Aquatic Systems -- 7.3 Disinfection Methods and Techniques Used for Wastewater Treatment -- 7.3.1 Chlorine Gas -- 7.3.2 Chlorination -- 7.3.3 Chloramines -- 7.3.4 Ozone -- 7.3.5 Ultraviolet Light -- 7.3.6 Copper Ionization -- 8 Recommendations -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Innovative Treatment Processes for Emerging Contaminants Removal from Sewage Sludge -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Emerging Contaminants in Sewage Sludge -- 2.1 Influence of WWTPs Characteristics on ECs Adsorption -- 3 Treatments -- 3.1 Anaerobic Digestion (AD) -- 3.2 Ozonation -- 3.3 Hydrogen Peroxide -- 3.4 Fenton -- 3.5 Hydrothermal Liquefaction -- 4 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- Emerging Pollutants That Can Be Transformed into PCDD/Fs -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Emerging Pollutants (EPs) -- 2.1 Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs): Triclosan (TCS) as a Case of Study -- 3 Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and Dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) -- 4 Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) -- 4.1 Electrochemical Oxidation of TCS -- 4.2 Indirect Oxidation of TCS: Photocatalysis -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- An Innovative Technology to Minimize Biological Sludge Production and Improve Its Quality in a Circular Economy Perspective -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Technology -- 3 Sludge Prevention/Minimization -- 3.1 Residual Sludge Production -- 3.2 Sludge Quality Improvement -- 4 Possibility of Permeate Reuse -- 5 Tips for Future Research and Applications -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Fate of Neonicotinoids in the Environment: Why Bees Are Threatened -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Introduction of Neonicotinoids in the Market -- 3 Application Modes -- 4 The Role of Neonicotinoids in Organisms and Colony Collapse Disorder (CDD). , 5 Physico-Chemical Properties of Neonicotinoids -- 6 Transport of Neonicotinoids in Air, Water and Soil -- 6.1 Neonicotinoids in Air -- 6.2 Neonicotinoids in Aquatic Systems -- 6.3 Neonicotinoids in Soil -- 7 Conclusions and Future Trends -- References -- Current Progress of Microplastics in Sewage Sludge -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Main Sources of MPs in Sewage Sludge -- 3 Analytical Methods for Microplastics in Sewage Sludge -- 3.1 Pretreatment and Extraction Methods -- 3.2 Detection and Identification Methods -- 4 Effects of Microplastics on Sewage Sludge -- 4.1 Effects of Microplastics on Sewage Treatment and Sludge Digestion -- 4.2 Effects of Microplastics on Soil -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Revision of the Most Harmful Organic Compounds Present in Sewage and Sludge -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Organic Compounds in Sludge -- 2.1 General Composition -- 2.2 Microbiological Composition of Sludge -- 2.3 Toxic Organic Compounds Families -- 2.3.1 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) -- 2.3.2 Dioxins and Furans (PCDDs/PCDFs) -- 2.3.3 Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) -- 2.3.4 Polybrominated Compounds (PBBs and PBDEs) -- 2.3.5 Perfluorinated Aliphatic Compounds (PFCs) -- 2.3.6 Pesticides -- 2.3.7 Other Compounds -- 2.4 Influence of the Treatment on OMPs -- 2.5 Toxic Organic Compounds in Sewage Sludge -- References -- Identifying Emerging Pollutants Using Non-target or Wide-Screening Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Non-target Approaches to Determine Contaminants and Other Chemicals Retained in Sludge -- 2.1 Extraction and Clean-Up -- 2.2 High Resolution Mass Spectrometry -- 2.3 Compounds and TPs Identified in Sludge by Non-target Techniques -- 3 Conclusions and Future Trends -- References -- Fate of Emerging Pollutants During Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Why Do OMPs Accumulate in Sewage Sludge?. , 2.1 Occurrence and Removal of OMPs in Wastewater -- 2.2 Mass Balances to Explain the Fate of OMPs in WWTPs -- 2.3 Occurrence of OMPs in Sewage Sludge -- 3 Fate of OMPs During Sewage Sludge Anaerobic Digestion -- 3.1 Sorption -- 3.2 Biotransformation Mechanisms and Efficiencies -- 3.3 Can Operational Strategies Promote the Biotransformation of OMPs During AD? -- 4 Modelling the Fate of OMPs During Sewage Sludge Anaerobic Digestion -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products as Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Sewage Sludge and Soils and the Role of Tran... -- 1 Background -- 1.1 PPCPs in Municipal Waste Stream -- 2 Waste Stream and Wastewater Treatment -- 2.1 Presence, Composition, and Concentration of PPCPs and Transformation Products in the Municipal Waste Stream and Wastewater... -- 2.2 Wastewater Treatment Technologies and Influence on Presence of PPCPs and TPs -- 2.3 Presence of PPCPs and TPs in Wastewater Effluent -- 2.4 Transformation During Wastewater Treatment -- 2.4.1 Chlorination -- 2.4.2 Ozonation -- 3 PPCPs and TPs Release in Terrestrial Environments -- 3.1 Reclaimed Wastewater: Irrigation Source -- 3.2 Sewage Sludge/Biosolids: Presence and Composition of PPCPs and TPs -- 4 Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products and TPs in Soil Environments -- 4.1 Fate and Behavior of PPCPs in Soil Environments -- 4.2 Transformation in Soils -- 4.3 Biological Activity and Impacts of PPCPs and TPs in Non-target Organisms -- 5 Measuring PPCPs and Transformation Products -- 5.1 Analytical Tools and Techniques -- 5.2 Analytical Standards: Measuring Transformation Products and Matrix Effects -- 5.3 Quantitative Measurements and Interpretation -- 6 Conclusions and Future Needs -- References -- Current Methodology for Extraction, Separation, Identification, and Quantification of Microplastics in Terrestrial Systems. , 1 Introduction -- 2 Collecting Soil Samples for MP Analysis -- 3 Methodology for MP Separation from Soil -- 3.1 Soil Sieving -- 3.2 Extraction -- 3.2.1 Density Flotation -- 3.3 Filtration -- 3.4 Digestion of Organic Matter -- 4 Quantification and Identification -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Emerging Viruses in Sewage Sludge and Soils -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Persistence and Fate of Human Viruses in Sewage Sludge and Soils -- 2.1 Viruses in Sewage Sludge -- 2.2 Viruses in Soils -- 2.2.1 Transport of Viruses in Soils -- 2.2.2 Survival of Viruses in Soils -- 3 Emerging Viruses in Soil and Sewage Sludge -- 3.1 Non-enveloped Viruses -- 3.2 Enveloped Viruses -- 4 Emerging Viral Indicators of Fecal Pollution -- 5 Conclusions -- References.