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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    The conservation and management of shared fish stocks : legal and economic aspects (2004)
    Rome : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift ; Seefischereirecht ; Fischwirtschaft ; Fischbestandschutz
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: VII, 69 S , graph. Darst., Kt
    ISBN: 9251051429
    Series Statement: FAO fisheries technical paper 465
    DDC: 333.95616
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Coastal States and Distant-water Fishing Nation Relations: An Economist's Perspective (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/9946 | 403 | 2012-08-22 13:40:42 | 9946 | United States National Marine Fisheries Service
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-27
    Description: The widespread implementation of Extended Fisheries Jurisdiction (EFJ) has confronted coastal states with several resource management problems. One of these consists of the economic relations, if any, that the coastal state should establish with distant-water fishing nations (DWFN's) seeking access to the coastal state's 200-mile zone.Several of the other papers presented here deal with specific aspects of the issue. This paper, on the other hand, will concern itself with the question of the analytical framework to be used by economists in studying this issue. It will offer some suggestions with respect to possible components of the framework.In doing so, the paper will restrict itself to the coastal state's perspective of EFJ and the management issues arising therefrom. It goes without saying, of course, that an enlightened coastal state will attempt to acquaint itself with the DWFN view of the world.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 3-10
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 3
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    Drivers of conflict and resilience in shifting transboundary fisheries (2023)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Climate change is causing fish stocks to shift, upending the social-ecological systems that rely on the historic distributions of these stocks and creating or exacerbating fisheries conflicts. The movements of internationally shared stocks between Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) or between EEZs and the high seas are especially concerning because they bring into play a variety of geopolitical factors and equity issues surrounding missing or conflicting regulations of jurisdictional boundary zones. Though many studies have explored the responses to and repercussions of shifting stocks on fisheries management, there is a dearth of interdisciplinary case studies that provide insight into the complexity of conflict formation in shifting transboundary fisheries, and that highlight the initial response stages where inclusion of proactive and cooperative measures can greatly improve a system's resilience to conflict. Our study helps to fill this gap by drawing on the knowledge of a diverse group of experts to analyze four case studies where transboundary stock shifts, geopolitical or governance tensions, and uncertainty regarding the future of the marine environment collide. Through synthesis of case study findings, we create a causal model of fishery conflict, within which we highlight factors that may heighten or mitigate the risk of conflict over shifting resources such as complex histories of power imbalance, unequal access to resources, or a lack of consistent and transparent data collection. Cooperation and equitable decision-making processes are recognized as vital components of internationally shared stock management which can promote lasting, effective, and conflict-resilient fisheries.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Extracellular DNA release confers heterogeneity in Candida albicans biofilm formation (2014)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-06
    Description: Background: Biofilm formation by Candida albicans has shown to be highly variable and is directly associated with pathogenicity and poor clinical outcomes in patients at risk. The aim of this study was to test the hypotheses that the extracellular DNA release by C. albicans is strain dependent and is associated with biofilm heterogeneity. Results: Initially, biofilm formed by C. albicans high biofilm formers (HBF) or low biofilm formers (LBF) were treated with DNase to find whether eDNA play a role in their biofilm formation. Digestion of biofilm eDNA significantly reduced the HBF biofilm biomass by five fold compared to untreated controls. In addition, quantification of eDNA over the period of biofilm formation by SYBR green assay demonstrate a significantly higher level of 2 to 6 fold in HBF compared to LBF. Biochemical and transcriptional analyses showed that chitinase activity and mRNA levels of chitinase genes, a marker of autolysis, were upregulated in 24?h biofilm formation by HBF compared to LBF, indicating autolysis pathway possibly involved in causing variation. The biofilm biomass and eDNA release by single (?cht2, ?cht3) and double knockout (?cht2/?cht3) chitinase mutants were significantly less compared to their parental strain CA14, confirming the role of chitinases in eDNA release and biofilm formation. Correlation analysis found a positive correlation between chitinases and HWP1, suggesting eDNA may release during the hyphal growth. Finally, we showed a combinational treatment of biofilms with DNase or chitinase inhibitor (acetazolamide) plus amphotericin B significantly improved antifungal susceptibility by 2 to 8 fold. Conclusions: Collectively, these data show that eDNA release by C. albicans clinical isolates is variable and is associated with differential biofilm formation. Digestion of biofilm eDNA by DNase may provide a novel therapeutic strategies to destabilise biofilm growth and improves antifungal sensitivity.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2180
    Topics: Biology
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 5
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    Heterogeneity in tumor chromatin-doxorubicin binding revealed by in vivo fluorescence lifetime imaging confocal endomicroscopy (2018)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-10
    Description: Heterogeneity in tumor chromatin-doxorubicin binding revealed by in vivo fluorescence lifetime imaging confocal endomicroscopy Heterogeneity in tumor chromatin-doxorubicin binding revealed by in vivo fluorescence lifetime imaging confocal endomicroscopy, Published online: 09 July 2018; doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04820-6 The engagement of DNA-binding drugs to their target is difficult to study, particularly in vivo. Here the authors develop an in vivo fluorescence lifetime imaging confocal laparo/endomicroscope to show intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity in doxorubicin binding to peritoneal metastases, which depends on the route of administration.
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide for purity by proton magnetic resonance spectrometry (1979)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 51 (1979), S. 311-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac50038a042
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of nitric oxide in morphine dependence and withdrawal excitation of rat oxytocin neurons (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 18 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Magnocellular oxytocin neurons develop morphine dependence after intracerebroventricular infusion for 5 days as revealed by their profound excitation following naloxone-induced withdrawal. Oxytocin neurons strongly express nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and nitric oxide (NO) inhibits their activity. This study investigated whether excitation of oxytocin neurons during morphine withdrawal involves reduced activity of NOS and NO. Neuron activity was measured in urethane-anaesthetized rats with blood sampling for oxytocin radioimmunoassay and extracellular single unit firing rate recording of supraoptic nucleus oxytocin neurons. To compare morphine-dependent and -naive rats oxytocin secretion was measured during stimulation by intravenous hypertonic saline infusion. Prior treatment with Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, a NOS inhibitor, facilitated osmotically stimulated oxytocin secretion in both morphine-dependent and -naive rats. The facilitation was not different between these groups when corrected for the slower responses observed in morphine-dependent rats. Treatment of morphine-dependent rats with Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester also enhanced oxytocin secretion during naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. Oxytocin neurons excited by withdrawal were recorded during microdialysis application to the supraoptic nucleus of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside alone and in combination with the GABAA antagonist bicuculline. Sodium nitroprusside inhibited oxytocin neurons during naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal and, while bicuculline alone increased firing rate, it did not reduce the inhibition by sodium nitroprusside, in contrast with previous findings in naive rats. Together, these findings indicate that NO restraint of oxytocin secretion is not curtailed during morphine dependence and remains a potent inhibitor of withdrawal excitation despite reduced effectiveness on GABA innervation of the supraoptic nucleus. Hence there is no evidence that changes in NO regulation underlie excitation of oxytocin neurons during opiate withdrawal in morphine dependence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.03005.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical bioeconomics and the evolution of modern fisheries economics (1992)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 54 (1992), S. 163-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02464828
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The management of high seas fisheries (2000)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 94 (2000), S. 183-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: fisheries management ; game theory ; Norwegian spring‐spawning herring ; straddling and highly migratory stocks ; United Nations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract The intergovernmental United Nations Conference on Highly Migratory and Straddling Stocks, initiated in 1993 and finished in 1995, addressed the conservation and management of fishery resources located both within the coastal state 200 mile Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and the adjacent high seas. These types of marine resources continue to be a source for international conflicts and debates. The original United Nations Law of the Sea of 1982 failed to address transboundary fisheries in a proper way. In particular, the agreement did not recognize the emergence of the complicated “straddling stock” issue. In the new United Nations Law of the Sea agreement of 1995, a consensus was reached that the management of the straddling and highly migratory fish stocks should be carried out through regional fisheries management organizations. We present a review of the straddling stock issues in the international agreement emerging from the negotiations within the United Nations. The review is contrasted with and clarified by game theoretic analyses. We also discuss one international fishery exemplifying the case, the Norwegian spring‐spawning herring. The main conclusion is that the local problems, faced during the stage of setting up regional fisheries organizations for the management of straddling and highly migratory fish stocks, are expected to be much more complicated and difficult to solve as compared to the cases of “shared fish stocks”. In the current paper, we present two reasons for this increased complexity. The first is the larger number of players as compared to the case of “shared fish stocks” and the second is the possibility of new members entering the regional fisheries organizations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018925302021
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