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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy : Special Edition Food Science. (1995)
    San Diego :Elsevier Science & Technology,
    Details
    Keywords: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (379 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780080584140
    Series Statement: Issn Series
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=403829
    DDC: 543.0877
    Language: English
    Note: Front Cover -- Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy, Volume 31 -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1. NMR in Context -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The physical basis of NMR -- 3. Low-energy spectroscopy -- 4. Description of the NMR experiment -- 5. Coupling of relaxation and motion -- 6. Length scales in NMR -- 7. Magnetic resonance imaging -- 8. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Bloch-Torrey model -- 3. The MRI experiment -- 4. Length scales -- 5. Interpretation of MRI data -- 6. Variety of MRI techniques -- References -- Chapter 3. Magnetic Resonance Microscopy -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theory -- 3. Instrumentation -- 4. Published studies -- 5. Possibilities and potential -- References -- Chapter 4. Stable Isotope Analysis of Food and Beverages by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Basic principles of isotope analysis by NMR -- 3. Experimental techniques -- 4. Examples of isotope ratio determinations -- 5. The isotopic fingerprint of natural products -- References -- Chapter 5. On-line Applications in Food Science -- 1. Introduction -- 2. On-line NMR: theoretical background -- 3. Technical requirements -- 4. Potential applications -- 5. Future prospects -- References -- Chapter 6. The Use of ESR Spectroscopy for the Identification of Irradiated Food -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Development of detection methods -- 3. Range of applications of ESR spectroscopy -- 4. Concluding comments -- References -- Chapter 7. Wide-line and High-resolution 1H NMR of Food Materials -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and methods -- 3. Results and discussion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 8. Conformational Characterization of Polysaccharides as Studied by High-resolution 13C Solid-state NMR -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Secondary structure in solution. , 3. Polymorphs as examined by conformation-dependent 13C shifts -- 4. Distinction of single/multiple chains by mutual conversion among polymorphs -- 5. Network structure and gelation mechanism -- 6. Recognition of secondary structure by biological systems -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9. Studies of Protein Structure by NMR Spectroscopy -- 1. Scope -- 2. Theory behind rudimentary NMR experiments -- 3. A brief history of NMR spectroscopy of proteins -- 4. Structure determination -- 5. Specific applications to the structure and properties of food proteins -- 6. Future trends -- References -- Chapter 10. NMR of Lipids -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Low-resolution I3C NMR spectroscopy -- 3. High-resolution I3C NMR spectroscopy -- References -- Chapter 11. Probing Water Relations in Foods Using Magnetic Resonance Techniques -- Nomenclature -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theory -- 3. Applications -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 12. Milk -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Low-resolution NMR -- 3. High-resolution NMR -- 4. Concluding remarks -- References -- Chapter 13. NMR Studies in Meat -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Post mortem metabolism -- 3. Meat quality -- 4. Additives -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 14. Applications of NMR to Drying -- 1. Background-NMR -- 2. Background-Drying -- 3. Previous work -- 4. Discussion-issues in drying and the use of NMR -- 5. Assessment and outlook -- References -- Index.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic spectrum of carbon oxide sulfide (OCS) at 62,000-72,000 cm-1 (1988)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 92 (1988), S. 5875-5879 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100332a007
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photodissociation dynamics of CH3I adsorbed on MgO(100): Theory and experiment (1992)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 97 (1992), S. 5168-5176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Theoretical and experimental results are compared for the 257 nm photolysis of methyl iodide adsorbed on an MgO(100) crystal. Molecular-dynamics calculations treat CH3I as a pseudodiatomic molecule and describe the geometry and the vibrational and librational frequencies of ground state CH3I on the surface of a solid at 125 K. The simulations modeled the photodissociation dynamics of the adsorbed species. The photoexcitation of CH3I at 257 nm is to the 3Q0 state which is, in turn, coupled to the 1Q1 state. The electronic surface coupling allows for two dissociation pathways, producing either ground- or excited-state iodine atoms in concert with ground-state methyl radicals. The I*/I branching ratio and the velocity and angular distributions of both photofragments are predicted by the theory. A comparison is made between these predictions and experimental observation of the I*/I branching ratio, the velocity distribution of the methyl fragment, and the internal state distribution of the methyl. A substantial lowering of the I*/I ratio as compared to data from the gas-phase photodissociation studies is both predicted by theory and seen experimentally. Theoretical simulations attribute this change to efficient trapping of the I* photofragments by the surface. Further comparisons between the theoretical predictions and the experimental data support a model where the molecule is aligned perpendicular to the surface and the escape of iodine atoms from the surface following the photodissociation of adsorbed methyl iodide involves collisions with the surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.463815
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular-dynamics simulations of the photodissociation of ICl adsorbed on a MgO(001) surface (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 887-893 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations are used to study the vibrational properties of ICl adsorbed on an MgO(001) surface, and the photodissociation dynamics of the molecule after excitation to a 1Π electronic state. The electronic ground-state simulations show that ICl lies nearly parallel to the surface and occupies a single orientational site at surface temperatures below 150 K. Above 350 K the molecule hops between two orientational sites on the surface, and at 500 K full rotational diffusion of the adsorbate in the surface plane occurs. The multiplicity of sites and the onset of rotational diffusion at high T were found to greatly affect the dissociation dynamics and its temperature dependence. The photodissociation simulations show that only a fraction of the Cl atoms and some of the I atoms (which have a much higher binding energy) leave the surface following photolysis (at these energies). The fraction of Cl atoms leaving the surface subsequent to photodissociation at 50 K is ∼0.5, and it decreases as T is raised to 150 K. The trajectories show that Cl atoms leave the surface preferentially for initial ICl orientations in which the Cl end "points down.'' This orientation ensures that the escaping atom rapidly collides with the surface atoms. Momentum transfer due to surface local roughness is crucial for the Cl to acquire "escape velocity'' normal to the surface. The angular intensity distribution of the Cl atoms is sensitive to surface corrugation, and the energy distribution of the photofragments strongly reflects the Cl/surface collision stage of the process. It is concluded that photodissociation experiments can provide information both on surface local structure and on photofragment/surface interaction and energy transfer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.459114
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantum theory of the photodissociation of IBr adsorbed on an MgO(001) surface (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 92 (1990), S. 7708-7715 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The photodissociation of an isolated IBr molecule adsorbed on an MgO(001) surface is studied theoretically. The calculations correspond to an excitation into the repulsive (Y0+) /quasibound (B 3Π0+) electronic state manifold, which may lead to the production of excited state or ground state bromine atoms. Using a quantum scattering method, we calculate the photoabsorption line shape for this process and the [Br]/[Br*] branching ratio as a function of photoexcitation wavelength. In the quantum calculations the IBr stretching was treated exactly, the in-plane librational mode was treated in the sudden approximation, and all other adsorbate and crystal modes were frozen. In addition, we studied the photodissociation process classically in order to explore the validity of freezing most of the modes. In the quantum calculations it was found that the width and intensities of the structured part of the absorption profile were greatly increased compared with the gas-phase photodissociation process. This was attributed to the stabilization of both electronic states by the molecule/surface interactions. The classical results showed that at least semiquantitatively, the crystal modes are unlikely to affect the process on the timescale pertinent to the calculated line shape.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.458157
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of plasma sheet dynamics during pseudobreakups and expansive aurorae (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 1127-1132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Global auroral images and plasma sheet ion distributions and magnetic field data are examined for two intervals when the Ultraviolet Imager (UVI) onboard the Polar spacecraft was imaging the entire northern auroral oval and, at the same time, the Wind spacecraft was passing through the near-Earth plasma sheet. On 26 July 1997, UVI recorded a series of brief, localized auroral brightenings known as pseudobreakups. On 27 March 1996, UVI observed several global expansions of auroral activity. Large variations in the magnetic field were observed by the Wind magnetometer, large velocity moments were derived from Wind ion measurements, and ions were accelerated to mega-electron-volt energies during both types of activity. The plasma sheet dynamics appear very similar during these two different types of auroral activities. Closer inspection of the ion distribution functions and energy spectra indicate that the plasma sheet dynamics need to be characterized kinetically. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1355679
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation corrected periodic Hartree–Fock study of the interactions between water and the (001) magnesium oxide surface (1993)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 99 (1993), S. 2786-2795 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A theoretical study of water adsorption on the surface of a three-layer (001) magnesium oxide film has been performed using periodic Hartree–Fock (PHF) theory with density-functional-based correlation corrections. The calculations treated two water molecules per MgO unit cell (one on each side of the film), and for most of the calculations, the size of the unit cell was chosen such that the ratio of water molecules to surface magnesium ions was 1:4. In these configurations the water dipoles were aligned parallel and the water–water spacing was 5.95 A(ring) between molecules in neighboring cells. Nine geometries were examined, three of which were found to be strongly bound to the surface. The binding energies for the three bound configurations range from 4.1 to 8.9 kcal/mol at the PHF level of theory and 6.3 to 12.5 kcal/mol when correlation effects were included. For the two cases where the geometry of the bound water molecule was allowed to relax at the equilibrium water–film distance, the H–O–H angle increased 1–3° from the 6-31G* free molecule value of 105.6° and the O–H bond distance did not change. The six remaining geometries did not show significant binding to the surface. Additional calculations were performed in which the dipoles of the water molecules were aligned antiparallel. These calculations indicate that as the coverage increases the water molecules will tend to form islands on the magnesium oxide surface rather than wet the surface. The formation of a fully hydroxylated surface (one hydroxyl group added to every surface magnesium ion and one hydrogen atom to every surface oxygen ion) was also examined, but was found to be energetically unfavorable. The energetic bias against dissociative chemistry on the clean MgO (001) surface, consisting of fully five coordinated ions, is in agreement with previously published ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy, x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and IR studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.465187
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of gyrotron scattering system for α particle diagnostics in TFTR (abstract) : Proceedings of the 9th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 4647-4647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In D-T plasmas, the understanding of the physics of confined α particles is extremely valuable for the future fusion plasma device. Among the various proposed α diagnostics, an X-mode collective Thomson scattering system employing a high-power gyrotron source (P(approximately-equal-to)200 kW, f=60 GHz, pulse length (approximately-equal-to)0.5 s, and modulation frequency=10–25 kHz) is being designed for TFTR. The detailed description of the gyrotron source, transmission lines, optical designs, beam and viewing dump design, and receiver system will be presented in this paper. In particular, the test results of the beam and viewing dump indicate that the stray light can be reduced by 60 dB. The background emission level (∼20 eV) near 60-GHz range during high Q discharge may also be reduced with beam and viewing dump further. The optical system is designed to measure the radial profile of α particles and to orient the incident wavevector (k0) to test the electromagnetic effects of the scattered spectrum. Prior to the study of α physics in D-T plasmas, this scattering system will be used to measure not only a bulk ion temperature but also the scattered spectrum due to fast ions produced by NB and ICRF heating in TFTR. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143647
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TFTR microwave reflectometer (abstract) : Proceedings of the 9th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 4657-4657 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A microwave reflectometer is in operation on TFTR for the measurement of density fluctuations. The system operates in the X mode and comprises three channels with fixed frequencies of 140, 132, and 125 GHz, and one with stepped frequency of 111–123 GHz. All channels use solid state Gunn oscillators and a heterodyne detection scheme. The system is located outside of the TFTR test cell with the power conveyed to the tokamak vessel by low-loss corrugated waveguides and remotely controlled parabolic mirrors. Preliminary results indicate that the level of density fluctuations with k⊥ 〈1 cm−1 is very small in the central region of Ohmic plasmas (ñ/n〈10−3), and that it increases monotonically with minor radius to values of ≈10−2 at r/a=0.9. This work supported by U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143653
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Instrumental aspects of extraordinary mode scattering on TFTR : Eighth topical conference on high-temperature plasma diagnostics (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 3031-3033 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Initial results from extraordinary mode microwave scattering on TFTR show that the magnitude of density fluctuations approximately follows the mixing length prediction in both beam-heated and ohmic discharges and that the most important part of the k spectrum falls below k⊥ρs=0.5 at a scale unresolved in these measurements. These results are consistent with most scattering measurements done in the ordinary mode on smaller devices. We observe only electron diamagnetic spectral shifts in ohmic discharges while beam-heated discharges display a shift which depends on the sign of the toroidal flow velocity. The spatial resolution of the system inferred from ray tracing is consistent with the measured toroidal velocity profiles and measured spectral shapes. There are some limitations on our measurements caused by a relatively large "ghost'' component in the low-frequency spectrum which cannot be identified with simple scattering from the crossing region of the incident and scattering antenna patterns. This component has some of the average features of scattering in the central region but does not have the frequency offset expected for drift waves and does not exhibit a Doppler shift when the plasma is rotating. We show that this ghost feature can be explained by non-Gaussian wings on the transmitting and receiving antennas which have a response to the high fluctuation levels at low values of k.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141717
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