Note: Collaborative Research in Fisheries -- Foreword -- Series Editors' Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Bridging the Gap: Experiments in the Heart of the Transition Zone -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The Transition in Fisheries Governance and Emergence of Participatory Research -- 1.3 The GAP Approach -- 1.4 Aim and Organisation of the Book -- References -- Chapter 2: Knowledge for Fisheries Governance: Participation, Integration and Institutional Reform -- 2.1 Introduction: The Gaps in Traditional Fisheries Management -- 2.2 Theorising GAP: Participation, Knowledge Inclusion and Institutional Reform -- 2.2.1 The Turn Towards Participation -- 2.2.2 Including Knowledge: Democratising Expertise -- 2.2.3 Institutional Reforms: From Top-Down Control Towards Recursive Interaction -- 2.3 The GAP Approach and Its Variability -- References -- Chapter 3: Fishermen and Scientists in the Same Boat. A Story of Collaboration in the UK South Devon Crab Fishery -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Current Management -- 3.3 Available Science -- 3.4 Description of the Case Study Process -- 3.4.1 Initial Relationship -- 3.4.2 GAP1 -- 3.4.3 GAP2 -- 3.4.4 Undertaking Project Work -- 3.5 Data Collection Process -- 3.5.1 Semi-Structured Interviews -- 3.5.2 Surveys -- 3.5.3 Exchange Visit -- 3.6 Developing an Individual-Based Model of the Fishery -- 3.7 Results of a Collaborative Approach -- 3.8 Discussion -- 3.8.1 Shortfalls -- 3.8.2 Future Work -- 3.9 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Getting Choosy About Whitefish in Lake Vättern. Using Participatory Approaches to Improve Fisheries Selectivity -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.1.1 A Case Study Planned and Run by a Fisheries Comanagement Group -- 4.1.2 Developing the Design of Collaborative Data Collection -- 4.2 Collaborative Data Collection and Analyses. , 4.2.1 Whitefish Population Structure -- 4.2.2 Improving the Selectivity of the Gillnet Fishery -- 4.2.3 Test of Pontoon Traps -- 4.2.4 Release Mortality of Arctic Charr in the Trolling Fishery -- 4.2.5 Using Acoustics to Monitor Deep-Spawning Aggregations of Whitefish in Collaboration with Fishermen -- 4.3 Discussion -- 4.4 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5: Understanding Fishermen-Scientist Collaboration in Galician Small-Scale Fisheries (NW Spain): Validating a Methodological Toolbox Through a Process-Oriented Approach -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 The Dual Galician Fisheries Management System -- 5.3 Description of the CS Process -- 5.3.1 Define the Role of Stakeholders and Scientists -- 5.3.2 Design and Implementation of Tools for Gathering Data -- 5.3.3 Monitoring Fishing Activity -- 5.4 Results -- 5.4.1 Building Partnerships -- 5.4.2 Ecosystem Mapping and "Métier" Identification -- 5.4.2.1 Cartography of Substrates -- 5.4.2.2 Cartography of Fishing Grounds -- 5.4.2.3 Identification of Métiers -- 5.4.3 Monitoring Fishing Activity -- 5.4.3.1 Monitoring Vessel -- 5.5 Discussion -- 5.5.1 About the Process -- 5.5.2 About Ecosystem Mapping and Métier Identification -- 5.5.3 Monitoring Fishing Activity -- 5.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Information Is the Jam of the Western Baltic Herring Sandwich: Bridging Gaps Between Policy, Stakeholders and Science -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Background -- 6.3 Disentangling Complex Management Applying the 'GAP Method' -- 6.4 Description of the CS Process -- 6.5 Results of the Collaboration in the CS -- 6.5.1 Biology -- 6.5.1.1 Reconstruction of Historical Catches -- 6.5.1.2 WBSS Stock Complexity -- 6.5.2 Management -- 6.5.3 Political Issues -- 6.6 Discussion -- 6.7 Conclusion -- References. , Chapter 7: Aiming for By-Catch: Collaborative Monitoring of Rare and Migratory Species in the Wadden Sea -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 The Fishery -- 7.3 Fishermen-Scientists Collaboration -- 7.3.1 First Steps and Expected Benefits -- 7.3.2 The Focus: Monitoring Rare and Migratory Species -- 7.3.3 Process on-Board the Vessel -- 7.4 Developing a Different Type of Science and Gaining Fishermen's Trust -- 7.5 Reflecting Back -- References -- Chapter 8: The Italian Job: Navigating the (Im)Perfect Storm of Participatory Fisheries Research in the Northern Adriatic Sea -- 8.1 Introduction: A Sailor's Tale of Stormy Seas and Different Perspectives on the Weather -- 8.2 Planning the Voyage: Scale, Concepts and Methods -- 8.3 Setting Sail: Early Voyages -- 8.3.1 The Ship, the Crew, and the Compass, Building Alliances in Participatory Research: GAP1 -- 8.3.2 Charting the Waves: Creating a Common Ground -- 8.4 Sailing Together: Putting Collaborative Research into Practice, the GAP2 Experience -- 8.4.1 A Time for Dialogue: The Beginnings of a Shared Narrative -- 8.4.2 Fishing for Trust: Scientists and Fishermen Working Together to Collect Catch Data -- 8.4.3 Creating a Common Platform for Collecting and Storing Fishing Data: Electronic Logbooks and Self-Sampling -- 8.4.4 Trawling for Knowledge: The Summer Fishing Ban -- 8.4.5 Applying a Survey Approach to Broaden the Understanding of Fishermen Perceptions around the Fishing Ban -- 8.4.6 Navigating Stormy Weather -- 8.5 Sighting 'Terra Firma': Mirage or Reality? -- 8.5.1 From GAP Life Raft to Flotilla -- 8.6 Making Port, Dropping the Anchor: Journeys End? -- References -- Chapter 9: Trapped in the TAC Machine: Making a Fisheries-Based Indicator System for Coastal Cod in Steigen, Norway -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Norwegian Coastal Cod -- 9.3 The Project in Practice -- 9.4 Finding Common Ground. , 9.5 Implementing the Project -- 9.5.1 The Echo-Sounder -- 9.5.2 Designing the Data Collection Program -- 9.5.3 Money, Money, Money -- 9.6 Results -- 9.7 Trapped in the TAC Machine -- References -- Chapter 10: When Fishemen Take Charge: The Development of a Management Plan for the Red Shrimp Fishery in Mediterranean Sea (NE Spain) -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 The Red Shrimp Fishery -- 10.2.1 The Resource -- 10.2.2 Management Context and Regulations -- 10.2.3 Palamós -- 10.3 The Crisis -- 10.3.1 Spreading the News -- 10.4 The Gap Process -- 10.4.1 Step One: An Ambitious Plan Materializes -- 10.4.2 Step Two: Scaling Down -- 10.4.3 Step Three: The LTMP as a Spanish Official Bulletin -- 10.5 When Fishermen Become Managers -- 10.5.1 The Issue of Trust: Making Music Together? -- 10.5.2 In the Common Interest: Organizational Aspects -- 10.6 Final Remarks -- References -- Chapter 11: Does Slow-Burn Collaboration Deliver Results? Towards Collaborative Development of Multi-Annual Multi-Species Management Plans in North Sea Mixed Demersal Fisheries -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Description of the Process -- 11.2.1 Genesis: Problems, Needs and Incentives -- 11.2.2 Organisation: How we Organised Ourselves -- 11.2.3 Roles: What Bits of Knowledge Did we Bring to the Table? -- 11.2.4 Modelling Approach -- 11.3 Key Lessons on Making the Collaboration Work -- 11.3.1 Establishing Effective Ways of Working -- 11.3.2 Common Language -- 11.3.3 Utility and Adapting to a Changeable Policy and Research Environment -- 11.4 Summary and Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 12: Action Research in Tropical Tuna Purse Seine Fisheries: Thoughts and Perspectives -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 The Participatory Approach -- 12.2.1 The Context from Which the Project Emerged -- 12.2.2 Participatory Research: Multiple Motivations -- 12.2.3 'Encouraging Participation': The First Steps. , 12.3 New Pathways for Getting to Know each Other (and Oneself) Better -- 12.3.1 Evolution in the Position with the Arrival of New Skills -- 12.3.2 From Knowledge to Recognition -- 12.3.3 Conducting a Survey -- 12.3.4 Inter-Professional Meetings -- 12.4 Research Through Action -- 12.4.1 Sustainability and Management of Tuna Resources -- 12.4.2 The Social Hierarchy of Knowledge -- 12.4.3 For the Construction of New Relationships Between Actors -- 12.5 Discussion: Critical Input and the Limitations of Action Research -- 12.5.1 From the Ideal to the Illusion of 'Participatory' -- 12.5.2 Conclusion, Questions and Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 13: From Planning for Society to Planning with Society. Integration of Coastal Fisheries into the Maritime Spatial Planning -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Case Study Area and Context -- 13.3 Methodology -- 13.3.1 Mutual Learning Process -- 13.3.2 The MSP Meetings -- 13.4 Outcomes of the Mutual Learning Events -- 13.4.1 Good Environmental Status -- 13.4.2 Essential Fish Habitats -- 13.4.3 Wind Farm Development -- 13.4.4 Aquaculture and Mussel Farming -- 13.4.5 Traditional Coastal Culture -- 13.4.6 Transboundary Issues -- 13.4.7 Blue Growth -- 13.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 14: Implementing the Landing Obligation. An Analysis of the Gap Between Fishers and Policy Makers in the Netherlands -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Methods -- 14.3 The Goal of the Landing Obligation -- 14.4 Theorising on Different Perspectives -- 14.5 The Implementation of the Landing Obligation -- 14.5.1 The Implementation Process in the Netherlands -- 14.5.2 Meetings Between the Minister and the Fleet -- 14.5.3 Parallel Monologues -- 14.6 Discussion and Conclusions -- References. , Chapter 15: Taking the Initiative on Maltese Trawl Industry Management. Industry and Science Collaboration on Identifying Nursery and Spawning Areas for Trawl Fisheries Target Species.