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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Water Cycle Management : A New Paradigm of Wastewater Reuse and Safety Control. (2015)
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
    Details
    Keywords: Water-supply -- Management. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (106 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783662458211
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Water Science and Technology Series
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=1973932
    DDC: 363.7284
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- Abstract -- References -- 2 Concepts of Water Cycle Management for Water Reuse System Design -- Abstract -- 2.1 Natural Hydrological Cycle -- 2.1.1 Global Hydrological Cycle -- 2.1.2 Hydrological Cycle of a Watershed -- 2.1.3 Functions of the Hydrological Cycle -- 2.2 Urban/District Water Cycle -- 2.2.1 Human Disturbance of the Hydrological Cycle -- 2.2.2 Conventional Urban Water System: The Old Paradigm -- 2.2.3 Healthy Urban/District Water Cycle Design: The New Paradigm -- 2.3 Conceptual Models -- 2.3.1 Models of Urban/District Water Cycle with Wastewater as a Resource -- 2.3.2 Quantitative Models -- 2.3.3 Materials Balance Models -- References -- 3 Safety Control of Reclaimed Water Use -- Abstract -- 3.1 Risks Associated with Reclaimed Water Use -- 3.1.1 Pollutants Possibly Existing in Reclaimed Water -- 3.1.2 Ecological and Human Health Risks Associated with Water Reuse -- 3.1.2.1 Ecological Risks -- 3.1.2.2 Human Health Risks -- 3.1.3 Methods for Ecological and Human Health Risks Assessment -- 3.2 Ecological Risk Assessment and Safety Control -- 3.2.1 Risk Identification -- 3.2.1.1 Inorganic Chemicals and Their Potential Hazards -- 3.2.1.2 Trace Organic Chemicals and Their Potential Hazards -- 3.2.2 Ecological Risk Assessment Tool: Bioassays -- 3.2.2.1 Advantages of Bioassays for Risk Assessment -- 3.2.2.2 Organisms and Their Interactions in an Aquatic Ecosystem -- 3.2.2.3 Methods of Bioassay for Ecotoxicity Assessment -- 3.2.2.4 Concentration-Response Relation and Toxicity Assessment -- 3.2.3 Bioassay for Safety Control of Water Reuse -- 3.2.3.1 Bioassay Using Luminescent Bacteria -- 3.2.3.2 Comparison of Toxicities Assessed by Different Methods -- 3.2.3.3 Variation of Ecotoxicity in Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation Processes -- 3.3 Pathogenic Risk Assessment and Safety Control. , 3.3.1 Risk Identification: Pathogens and Their Harmful Effects on Human Health -- 3.3.1.1 Characteristics of Typical Pathogenic Bacteria and Viruses -- 3.3.1.2 Methods for Concentration and Detection of Pathogens in Water Samples -- 3.3.1.3 Inactivation/Removal of Pathogens in Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation -- 3.3.2 Fecal Indicators Related to Pathogens -- 3.3.2.1 Conventional Fecal Indicators and Their Limitations -- 3.3.2.2 Alternative Fecal Indicators -- 3.3.2.3 Microbial Source Tracking -- 3.3.3 Risk Assessment and Comparison for Water Reuse -- 3.3.3.1 Waterborne Disease Outbreaks Associated with Water Use -- 3.3.3.2 Outline of Pathogenic Risk Assessment -- 3.3.3.3 Exposure Assessment -- 3.3.3.4 Dose-Response Analysis -- 3.3.3.5 Risk Calculation and Requirement for Safety Control -- References -- 4 A Real Case of Water Reuse Through a Water Cycle -- Abstract -- 4.1 Case Description -- 4.1.1 Background of the Project -- 4.1.2 Project Outline -- 4.2 System Design and Implementation -- 4.2.1 Water Demand and Availability -- 4.2.2 System Design -- 4.2.3 Process Selection for Water Treatment/Reclamation -- 4.2.4 Landscaping Lake in the Water Cycle -- 4.3 Effects of Water Reuse Through a Water Cycle -- 4.3.1 Water Source Augmentation -- 4.3.2 Water Quality Aspects -- 4.3.3 Social and Environmental Benefits -- References -- 5 Future Perspectives -- Abstract -- References.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Water Cycle Management : A New Paradigm of Wastewater Reuse and Safety Control (2015)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Environmental pollution ; Environment ; Environmental sciences ; Water-supply. ; Environmental health. ; Water pollution. ; Wasserkreislauf ; Abwasserverwertung ; Ressourcenmanagement ; Wasserversorgung ; Sicherheit ; Gesundheitsgefährdung
    Description / Table of Contents: This book focuses on environmental engineering, and on wastewater treatment and reuse in particular, which is a vital aspect for countries and regions suffering from water shortages. It introduces a new water cycle management concept for designing water systems that mimic the hydrological cycle, where reclaimed water is produced, stored/regulated, supplied and used in a semi-natural manner so that its self-purification capacity and system efficiency can be maximized. To ensure safe water throughout the cycle, emphasis is placed on the control of ecological and pathogenic risks using a series of quality indices associated with bioassays and molecular biological analyses, as well as risk assessments focusing on protecting the environment and human health. Together with theoretical and technological discussions, a real case of a district water system for maximizing water circulation and reuse by means of a sophisticated water cycle is presented. This book introduces readers to essential new concepts and practices and illustrates the future perspectives offered by a new paradigm for design and safety control in the context of wastewater reuse systems
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 98 p. 36 illus., 12 illus. in color, online resource)
    ISBN: 9783662458211
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Water Science and Technology
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45821-1
    URL: https://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz424909391cov.jpg
    URL: https://external.dandelon.com/download/attachments/dandelon/ids/DE0046974863A66CEE3E2C1257E7000507D7A.pdf
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-45821-1
    RVK:
    AR 22340
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Nitrogen in surface seawater samples over the Northwest Pacific Ovean in spring (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-27
    Keywords: DEPTH, water; DO20150330; DO20150330-track; Dongfanghong 2; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Nitrate; Nitrogen, organic, dissolved; Underway water sampling; UWS; δ15N, dissolved organic nitrogen; δ15N, nitrate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 155 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Nitrogen in marine aerosol over the Northwest Pacific Ovean in spring (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-27
    Keywords: Ammonium; Date/Time of event; Date/Time of event 2; DO20140317; DO20140317_NWPO#1; DO20140317_NWPO#10; DO20140317_NWPO#11; DO20140317_NWPO#12; DO20140317_NWPO#13; DO20140317_NWPO#14; DO20140317_NWPO#15; DO20140317_NWPO#16; DO20140317_NWPO#17; DO20140317_NWPO#18; DO20140317_NWPO#19; DO20140317_NWPO#2; DO20140317_NWPO#20; DO20140317_NWPO#21; DO20140317_NWPO#22; DO20140317_NWPO#23; DO20140317_NWPO#24; DO20140317_NWPO#25; DO20140317_NWPO#26; DO20140317_NWPO#27; DO20140317_NWPO#28; DO20140317_NWPO#29; DO20140317_NWPO#3; DO20140317_NWPO#30; DO20140317_NWPO#31; DO20140317_NWPO#32; DO20140317_NWPO#33; DO20140317_NWPO#34; DO20140317_NWPO#35; DO20140317_NWPO#36; DO20140317_NWPO#37; DO20140317_NWPO#38; DO20140317_NWPO#39; DO20140317_NWPO#4; DO20140317_NWPO#40; DO20140317_NWPO#41; DO20140317_NWPO#42; DO20140317_NWPO#43; DO20140317_NWPO#44; DO20140317_NWPO#5; DO20140317_NWPO#6; DO20140317_NWPO#7; DO20140317_NWPO#8; DO20140317_NWPO#9; DO20150330; DO20150330_NWPO#1; DO20150330_NWPO#10; DO20150330_NWPO#11; DO20150330_NWPO#12; DO20150330_NWPO#13; DO20150330_NWPO#14; DO20150330_NWPO#15; DO20150330_NWPO#16; DO20150330_NWPO#17; DO20150330_NWPO#18; DO20150330_NWPO#19; DO20150330_NWPO#2; DO20150330_NWPO#20; DO20150330_NWPO#21; DO20150330_NWPO#22; DO20150330_NWPO#23; DO20150330_NWPO#24; DO20150330_NWPO#25; DO20150330_NWPO#26; DO20150330_NWPO#27; DO20150330_NWPO#28; DO20150330_NWPO#29; DO20150330_NWPO#3; DO20150330_NWPO#30; DO20150330_NWPO#31; DO20150330_NWPO#32; DO20150330_NWPO#33; DO20150330_NWPO#34; DO20150330_NWPO#35; DO20150330_NWPO#36; DO20150330_NWPO#37; DO20150330_NWPO#38; DO20150330_NWPO#4; DO20150330_NWPO#5; DO20150330_NWPO#6; DO20150330_NWPO#7; DO20150330_NWPO#8; DO20150330_NWPO#9; Dongfanghong 2; Event label; Latitude of event; Latitude of event 2; Longitude of event; Longitude of event 2; MULT; Multiple investigations; Nitrate; Nitrogen, total, water soluble; δ15N, nitrate; δ15N, water soluble total nitrogen
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 408 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Nitrogen in marine aerosol and surface seawater over the Northwest Pacific Ocean in spring (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Luo, Li; Kao, Shuh-Ji; Bao, Hongyan; Xiao, Huayun; Xiao, Hongwei; Yao, Xiaohong; Gao, Huiwang; Li, Jiawei; Lu, Yangyang (2018): Sources of reactive nitrogen in marine aerosol over the Northwest Pacific Ocean in spring. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 18(9), 6207-6222, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-6207-2018
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-27
    Description: Atmospheric deposition of long-range transport of anthropogenic reactive nitrogen (Nr, mainly comprised of NHx , NOy and water-soluble organic nitrogen, WSON) from continents may have profound impact on marine biogeochemistry. However, surface ocean dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) may also contribute to aerosol WSON in the overlying atmosphere. Despite the importance of off-continent dispersion and Nr interactions at the atmosphere–ocean boundary, our knowledge of the sources of various nitrogen species in the atmosphere over the open ocean remains limited due to insufficient observations. We conducted two cruises in the spring of 2014 and 2015 from the coast of China through the East China seas (ECSs, i.e. the Yellow Sea and East China Sea) to the open ocean (i.e. the north-western Pacific Ocean, NWPO). Concentrations of water-soluble total nitrogen (WSTN), NO3- and [NH4]+ , as well as the 15N of WSTN and NO3- in marine aerosol, were measured during both cruises. In the spring of 2015, we also analysed the concentrations and 15N of [NO3]- and the DON of surface seawater (SSW; at a depth of 5m) along the cruise track. Aerosol [NO3]- , [NH4]+ and WSON decreased logarithmically (1–2 orders of magnitude) with distance from the shore, reflecting strong anthropogenic emission sources of [NO3]-, [NH4]+ and WSON in China. Average aerosol [NO3]- and [NH4]+ concentrations were significantly higher in 2014 (even in the remote NWOP) than in 2015 due to the stronger wind field in 2014, underscoring the role of the Asian winter monsoon in the seaward transport of anthropogenic [NO3]- and [NH4]+ . However, the background aerosol WSON over the NWPO in 2015 (13.3±8.5 nmol/m3 was similar to that in 2014 (12.2±6.3 nmol/m3, suggesting an additional non-anthropogenic WSON source in the open ocean. Obviously, marine DON emissions should be considered in model and field assessments of net atmospheric WSON deposition in the open ocean. This study contributes information on parallel isotopic marine DON composition and aerosol Nr datasets, but more research is required to explore complex Nr sources and deposition processes in order to advance our understanding of anthropogenic influences on the marine nitrogen cycle and nitrogen exchange at land–ocean and atmosphere–ocean interfaces.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of metallic, crystalline NiSi2 thin film on amorphous SiO2/Si (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 4107-4109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin metallic, oriented crystalline NiSi2 films that are suitable for additional epitaxial growth have been formed on amorphous SiO2 layers on Si substrates. The orientation of the Si substrate is maintained in the NiSi2 film as if the SiO2 is not present. This was achieved by combining the separation by implantation of oxygen process and e-beam evaporation techniques. The results are comparable with NiSi2 films formed directly on Si. This technique should, in general, be applicable to other silicides that have been epitaxially grown on Si.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352843
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of YBa2Cu3O7−x thin films on Si with a CoSi2 buffer layer (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 419-421 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: By using the pulsed laser deposition technique, high-temperature superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) films were grown on Si(001) with a 36 nm single-crystal 〈001〉 oriented CoSi2 buffer layer. The films, grown at a substrate temperature of ∼700 °C, have a metallic resistive temperature dependence with zero resistance at 85 K. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and ion channeling studies show that the YBCO films are polycrystalline but are strongly c-axis oriented normal to the Si substrate. Diffusion at the interface between the YBCO film and silicide buffer layer was minimized. This is essential to the growth of high-temperature superconducting films on Si substrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104655
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    a-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7−x thin films on Si with CeO2 buffer layers (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 2043-2045 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have grown a-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) thin films on Si(100) substrates with (110) oriented insulating buffer layers of cerium dioxide (CeO2) using the pulsed laser deposition technique. The films are highly oriented and textured as determined by θ–2θ x-ray diffraction, x-ray pole-figure scan, scanning electron microscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, and ion channeling. No diffusion at the interface has been found at growth temperatures up to 760 °C, indicating the CeO2 is a chemically stable and structurally compatible intermediate material for the growth of YBCO on Si. A zero resistance superconducting transition temperature of 87 K and a critical-current density (Jc) of 1.5×105 A/cm2 at 75 K have been measured; Jc obtained represents the highest value for the a-axis oriented YBCO films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.106126
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-quality Y1Ba2Cu3O7−x thin films on polycrystalline MgO by temperature-controlled chemical vapor deposition (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 1248-1250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Y1Ba2Cu3O7−x superconducting thin films were grown in situ on polycrystalline MgO substrates by a chemical vapor deposition process that closely couples the sublimation temperatures of the elemental sources to that of the substrate during deposition. It was found that the best quality films were achieved with a controlled ramping of the substrate temperature from 850 °C, at the onset of deposition, down to 750 °C at the end of deposition. The films were analyzed by Rutherford backscattering (RBS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffractometry (XRD), and four-point resistivity probe. The results of these studies showed that the films were highly c-axis oriented, had near-stoichiometric composition, and exhibited Tc,onset=90 K, Tco=85 K, and had a Jc=2×105 A/cm2 at 77 K in zero magnetic field. A model is proposed for the effect of such temperature control on the CVD growth mechanism of high-quality YBCO films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.105517
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brownian motion through a two-dimensional glass: Trapping, hopping, and diffusion (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 598-604 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Computer simulations and computational diagnostics are used to study a Monte Carlo Brownian walker moving through a glass of immobile force centers. Clear evidence for distinct trapping, hopping, and hindered-diffusive regimes is seen in the mean-square displacement and the probability distribution P(r,t) for a step r during delay t. In the hopping regime distinct time scales for intratrap and intertrap motion are apparent; probe localization and time scale separation depend inversely on temperature T. In the hindered-diffusion regime, the effective diffusion coefficient D¯ follows an Arrhenius temperature dependence. In this regime, 〈r2(t)〉 is very nearly linear in t, even for walkers that have only diffused a small fraction of the matrix particle nearest-neighbor distance. We infer that analytic calculations using relatively low-order time expansions should give reasonable values for D¯ of probe particles in our glass. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471896
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