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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Heat exchanges in the heterothermic zone of a karst system: Monlesi cave, Swiss Jura Mountains
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2008
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 113, No. F2 ( 2008-06-26)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 113, No. F2 ( 2008-06-26)
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2007JF000892
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publikationsdatum: 2008
    ZDB Id: 2033040-6
    ZDB Id: 3094104-0
    ZDB Id: 2130824-X
    ZDB Id: 2016813-5
    ZDB Id: 2016810-X
    ZDB Id: 2403298-0
    ZDB Id: 2016800-7
    ZDB Id: 161666-3
    ZDB Id: 161667-5
    ZDB Id: 2969341-X
    ZDB Id: 161665-1
    ZDB Id: 3094268-8
    ZDB Id: 710256-2
    ZDB Id: 2016804-4
    ZDB Id: 3094181-7
    ZDB Id: 3094219-6
    ZDB Id: 3094167-2
    ZDB Id: 2220777-6
    ZDB Id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
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    Timing and causes of North African wet phases during the last glacial period and implications for modern human migration
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2016
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2016-11-03)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2016-11-03)
    Kurzfassung: We present the first speleothem-derived central North Africa rainfall record for the last glacial period. The record reveals three main wet periods at 65-61 ka, 52.5-50.5 ka and 37.5-33 ka that lead obliquity maxima and precession minima. We find additional minor wet episodes that are synchronous with Greenland interstadials. Our results demonstrate that sub-tropical hydrology is forced by both orbital cyclicity and North Atlantic moisture sources. The record shows that after the end of a Saharan wet phase around 70 ka ago, North Africa continued to intermittently receive substantially more rainfall than today, resulting in favourable environmental conditions for modern human expansion. The encounter and subsequent mixture of Neanderthals and modern humans – which, on genetic evidence, is considered to have occurred between 60 and 50 ka – occurred synchronously with the wet phase between 52.5 and 50.5 ka. Based on genetic evidence the dispersal of modern humans into Eurasia started less than 55 ka ago. This may have been initiated by dry conditions that prevailed in North Africa after 50.5 ka. The timing of a migration reversal of modern humans from Eurasia into North Africa is suggested to be coincident with the wet period between 37.5 and 33 ka.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/srep36367
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publikationsdatum: 2016
    ZDB Id: 2615211-3
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
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    The role of Northern Hemisphere summer insolation for millennial-scale climate variability during the penultimate glacial
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Communications Earth & Environment Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2023-07-06)
    Details
    In: Communications Earth & Environment, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2023-07-06)
    Kurzfassung: Previous glacial intervals were punctuated by abrupt climate transitions between cold (stadial) and warm (interstadial) conditions. Many mechanisms leading to stadial-interstadial variability have been hypothesized with ice volume being a commonly involved element. Here, we test to which extent insolation modulated stadial-interstadial oscillations occurred during the penultimate glacial. We present a replicated and precisely dated speleothem record covering the period between 200 and 130 ka before present from caves located in the European Alps known to be sensitive to millennial-scale variability. We show that the widely proposed relationship between sea level change and stadial-interstadial variability was additionally modulated by solar insolation during this time interval. We find that interstadials occurred preferentially near maxima of Northern Hemisphere summer insolation, even when sea level remained close to its minimum during peak glacial periods. We confirm these observations with model simulations that accurately reproduce the frequency and duration of interstadials for given sea-level and insolation forcing. Our results imply that summer insolation played an important role in modulating the occurrence of stadial-interstadial oscillations and highlight the relevance of insolation in triggering abrupt climate changes.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2662-4435
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s43247-023-00908-0
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 3037243-4
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  • 4
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    Integration of ground-penetrating radar and microgravimetric methods to map shallow caves
    Elsevier BV ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Applied Geophysics Vol. 46, No. 4 ( 2001-4), p. 249-262
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Geophysics, Elsevier BV, Vol. 46, No. 4 ( 2001-4), p. 249-262
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0926-9851
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0926-9851(01)00042-8
    RVK:
    UA 4543
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Elsevier BV
    Publikationsdatum: 2001
    ZDB Id: 1496997-X
    SSG: 16,13
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
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    Evidence of NAO control on subsurface ice accumulation in a 1200 yr old cave-ice sequence, St. Livres ice cave, Switzerland
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2009
    In:  Quaternary Research Vol. 72, No. 1 ( 2009-07), p. 16-26
    Details
    In: Quaternary Research, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 72, No. 1 ( 2009-07), p. 16-26
    Kurzfassung: Mid-latitude ice caves are assumed to be highly sensitive to climatic changes and thus represent a potentially interesting environmental archive. Establishing a precise chronology is, however, a prerequisite for the understanding of processes driving the cave-ice mass balance and thus allows a paleoenvironmental interpretation. At St. Livres ice cave (Jura Mountains, Switzerland), subfossil trees and organic material are abundant in the cave-ice deposit, therefore allowing the dating of individual ice layers. The dendrochronological analysis of 45 subfossil samples of Norway spruce ( Picea abies (L.) Karst.) from the overhanging front of the ice outcrop as well as the dating of seven wood samples with 14 C dating allowed for a reconstruction of the St. Livres cave-ice sequence and for the determination of periods of ice accumulation and ablation. Results suggest a maximal age of 1200 ± 50  14 C yr BP for the observed ice sequence and indicate the presence of four major deposition gaps dated to the 14th, 15th, mid-19th and late 19th century, which can be related with periods of positive North Atlantic Oscillation anomalies (NAO+) over the winter half-year and/or anthropogenic cave-ice abstraction. Similarly, there is evidence that periods of cave-ice accumulation as observed between AD 1877–1900 and AD 1393–1415 would correspond with phases of negative NAO indices. Cave ice represents therefore an original climate archive for the winter half-year and is complementary to other continental proxies recording preferentially summer conditions (e.g., tree rings, varves).
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0033-5894 , 1096-0287
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.yqres.2009.03.002
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2009
    ZDB Id: 1471589-2
    ZDB Id: 205711-6
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
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    Ancient DNA from speleothems: opportunity or challenge?
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2023
    In:  Quaternary Research Vol. 112 ( 2023-03), p. 180-188
    Details
    In: Quaternary Research, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 112 ( 2023-03), p. 180-188
    Kurzfassung: Ancient environmental DNA retrieved from sedimentary records (sedaDNA) can complement fossil-morphological approaches for characterizing Quaternary biodiversity changes. PCR-based DNA metabarcoding is so far the most widely used method in environmental DNA studies, including sedaDNA. However, degradation of ancient DNA and potential contamination, together with the PCR amplification drawbacks, have to be carefully considered. Here we tested this approach on speleothems from an Alpine cave that, according to a previous palynomorphological study, have shown to contain abundant pollen grains. This offers a unique opportunity for comparing the two methods and, indirectly, trying to validate DNA-based results. The plant taxa identified by sedaDNA are fewer than those by pollen analysis, and success rate of PCR replicates is low. Despite extensive work performed following best practice for sedaDNA, our results are suboptimal and accompanied by a non-negligible uncertainty. Our preliminary data seem to indicate that paleoenvironmental DNA may be isolated from speleothems, but the intrinsic weakness of PCR-based metabarcoding poses a challenge to its exploitation. We suggest that newly developed methods such as hybridization capture, being free from PCR drawbacks and offering the opportunity to directly assess aDNA authenticity, may overcome these limitations, allowing a proper exploitation of speleothems as biological archives.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0033-5894 , 1096-0287
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/qua.2022.46
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 1471589-2
    ZDB Id: 205711-6
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
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    Comparison of techniques for dating of subsurface ice from Monlesi ice cave, Switzerland
    International Glaciological Society ; 2007
    In:  Journal of Glaciology Vol. 53, No. 182 ( 2007), p. 374-384
    Details
    In: Journal of Glaciology, International Glaciological Society, Vol. 53, No. 182 ( 2007), p. 374-384
    Kurzfassung: The presence of cave ice is documented in many karst regions but very little is known about the age range of this potential paleoclimate archive. This case study from the Monlesi ice cave, Swiss Jura Mountains, demonstrates that dating of cave ice is possible using a multi-parameter approach. Ice petrography, debris content and oxygen isotope composition have the potential for identification of annual growth layers, but require a continuous core from the ice deposits, limiting application of this approach. Furthermore, complete melting of ice accumulations from individual years may occur, causing amalgamation of several annual bands. Use of 3 H content of the ice and 14C dating of organic debris present in the ice proved to be of limited utility, providing rather broad bounds for the actual age. Initial estimates based on 210Pb analyses from clear ice samples gave results comparable to those from other methods. The most reliable techniques applied were the determination of ice turnover rates, and the dating of anthropogenic inclusions (a roof tile) in the ice. These suggest, respectively, that the base of the cave ice was a minimum of 120 and a maximum of 158 years old. Therefore, our data support the idea that mid-latitude and low-altitude subsurface ice accumulations result from modern deposition processes rather than from presence of Pleistocene relict ice.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3189/002214307783258503
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: International Glaciological Society
    Publikationsdatum: 2007
    ZDB Id: 2140541-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 8
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    Technical note: GUARD – an automated fluid sampler preventing sample alteration by contamination, evaporation and gas exchange, suitable for remote areas and harsh conditions
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2018
    In:  Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Vol. 22, No. 8 ( 2018-08-13), p. 4281-4293
    Details
    In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 22, No. 8 ( 2018-08-13), p. 4281-4293
    Kurzfassung: Abstract. Automated water sampling devices adapted to field operation have proven highly useful for environmental research as well as in the public and private sectors, where natural or artificial waters need to be tested regularly for compliance with environmental and health regulations. Such autosamplers are already available on the market in slightly differing versions, but none of these devices are capable of sealing the collected samples to prevent sample alteration by contamination, evaporation or gas exchange. In many sampling cases, however, this feature is essential, for instance for studying the hydrological cycle based on isotopes in rainwater, or for monitoring waters contaminated with toxic gases or other volatile compounds detrimental to biota and human health. Therefore, we have developed a new mobile autosampler, which injects water samples directly into airtight vials, thus preventing any sample alteration. Further advantages include low production costs, compact dimensions and low weight allowing for easy transport, a wide range of selectable sampling intervals as well as a low power consumption, which make it suitable for long-term applications even in remote areas and harsh (outdoor) conditions due to its heavy-duty water-proof casing. In this paper, we demonstrate (1) the sampler's mechanical functioning, (2) the long-term stability of the collected samples with regard to evaporation and gas exchange and (3) the potential of our device in a wide variety of applications drawing on laboratory and field experiments in different karst caves, which represent one of the most challenging sampling environments.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1607-7938
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/hess-22-4281-2018
    DOI: 10.5194/hess-22-4281-2018-supplement
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Copernicus GmbH
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    ZDB Id: 2100610-6
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  • 9
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    Speleothems in subglacial caves: An emerging archive of glacial climate history and mountain glacier dynamics
    Elsevier BV ; 2024
    In:  Quaternary Science Reviews Vol. 333 ( 2024-06), p. 108684-
    Details
    In: Quaternary Science Reviews, Elsevier BV, Vol. 333 ( 2024-06), p. 108684-
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0277-3791
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.108684
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Elsevier BV
    Publikationsdatum: 2024
    ZDB Id: 780249-3
    ZDB Id: 1495523-4
    SSG: 14
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
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    Enhanced Mediterranean water cycle explains increased humidity during MIS 3 in North Africa
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2019
    In:  Climate of the Past Vol. 15, No. 5 ( 2019-09-16), p. 1757-1769
    Details
    In: Climate of the Past, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 15, No. 5 ( 2019-09-16), p. 1757-1769
    Kurzfassung: Abstract. We report a new fluid inclusion dataset from northeastern Libyan speleothem SC-06-01, which is the largest speleothem fluid inclusion dataset for North Africa to date. The stalagmite was sampled in Susah Cave, a low-altitude coastal site, in Cyrenaica, on the northern slope of the Jebel Al-Akhdar. Speleothem fluid inclusions from the latest Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4 and throughout MIS 3 (∼67 to ∼30 kyr BP) confirm the hypothesis that past humid periods in this region reflect westerly rainfall advected through the Atlantic storm track. However, most of this moisture was sourced from the western Mediterranean, with little direct admixture of water evaporated from the Atlantic. Moreover, we identify a second moisture source likely associated with enhanced convective rainfall within the eastern Mediterranean. The relative importance of the western and eastern moisture sources seems to differ between the humid phases recorded in SC-06-01. During humid phases forced by precession, fluid inclusions record compositions consistent with both sources, but the 52.5–50.5 kyr interval forced by obliquity reveals only a western source. This is a key result, showing that although the amount of atmospheric moisture advections changes, the structure of the atmospheric circulation over the Mediterranean does not fundamentally change during orbital cycles. Consequently, an arid belt must have been retained between the Intertropical Convergence Zone and the midlatitude winter storm corridor during MIS 3 pluvials.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1814-9332
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/cp-15-1757-2019
    DOI: 10.5194/cp-15-1757-2019-supplement
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: Copernicus GmbH
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    ZDB Id: 2217985-9
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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