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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Great Wenchuan Earthquake of 2008 : a Photographic Atlas of Surface Rupture and Related Disaster. (2010)
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
    Details
    Keywords: Wenchuan Earthquake, China, 2008. ; Earthquakes--China--Wenchuan Xian (Sichuan Sheng)--Pictorial works. ; Earthquakes--China--Wenchuan Xian (Sichuan Sheng)--Remote-sensing maps. ; Wenchuan Xian (Sichuan Sheng, China)--Remote-sensing images. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake caused extensive damage throughout central and western China. This atlas contains photographs taken days after the quake. It presents a complete picture of the disaster, including its complex consequences and the relief operation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (124 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783642037597
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=603160
    DDC: 551.22095138
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Preface -- Table of Contents -- 1. Tectonic Setting of the Wenchuan Earthquake -- 2. Outline of Earthquake and Focal Mechanisms -- 3. Outline of Co-seismic Surface Rupture -- 3.1 Distribution of co-seismic surface rupture -- 3.2 Slip distribution of co-seismic fault -- 4. Deformation Characteristics of Co-seismic Surface Rupture -- 4.1 Co-seismic fault scarp -- 4.2 Co-seismic flexure-slip fold structure -- 5. Relationship between Surface Rupture and Pre-existing Active Faults -- 6. Relationship between Surface Rupture and Damage to Infrastructure -- 7. Co-seismic Landsliding and Liquefaction -- 8. Earthquake Disaster -- 9. Relief Operations -- References -- Index of Figures.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The 2016 Mw 7. 1 Kumamoto Earthquake : A Photographic Atlas of Coseismic Surface Ruptures Related to the Aso Volcano, Japan. (2017)
    Singapore :Springer,
    Details
    Keywords: Earthquakes-Japan-Popular works. ; Geology, Structural-Japan-Maps. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (195 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9789811058554
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=5153530
    DDC: 551.220952
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Preface -- References -- Contents -- List of Figures -- Figure Plates -- 1: An Overview of the 2016 Mw 7.1 Kumamoto Earthquake -- References -- 2: Tectonic Setting -- References -- 3: Deformation Features of Coseismic Surface Rupture -- 3.1 Terminology -- 3.2 Outline of Coseismic Surface Rupture -- 3.3 Distribution Pattern of Coseismic Surface Rupture -- 3.3.1 Southwest and Southwest-Central Segments -- 3.3.2 Northeast-Central Segment -- 3.3.3 Northeast Segment -- 3.4 Slip Distribution of Coseismic Fault -- References -- 4: Structural Features of Coseismic Surface Ruptures -- 4.1 Southwest and Central Segments -- 4.1.1 Coseismic Strike-Slip Fault (Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18) -- 4.1.2 Coseismic Conjugate Riedel Shear Structure -- 4.1.3 Coseismic Flexures and Mole Track -- 4.1.4 Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction (Figs. 29, 30 and 31) -- 4.1.5 Coseismic Surface Ruptures Along Newly Identified Tawarayama Fault (Figs. 32, 33, 34 and 35) -- 4.2 Northeast Segment Inside Aso Caldera -- 4.2.1 Coseismic Graben Structure (Figs. 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 and 45) -- 4.2.2 Coseismic Ruptures Crosscut Volcano Cones (Figs. 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 and 51) -- References -- 5: Trench Investigations on Seismogenic Faults -- References -- 6: Destruction on Buildings and Houses Related to Coseismic Surface Rupturing -- References.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fossil Earthquakes : the Formation and Preservation of Pseudotachylytes. (2007)
    Berlin, Heidelberg :Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,
    Details
    Keywords: Earthquakes. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (350 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783540742364
    Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences Series ; v.111
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6351701
    DDC: 551.22
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The 2016 Mw 7.1 Kumamoto Earthquake : A Photographic Atlas of Coseismic Surface Ruptures Related to the Aso Volcano, Japan (2018)
    Singapore : Springer
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Earth sciences ; Earth Sciences ; Geology ; Geophysics ; Natural disasters
    Description / Table of Contents: This book shows the deformation characteristics of coseismic surface ruptures produced by the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake and the relationship between the Aso volcano and active faults. In particular, the rupturing mechanisms and processes involved in the seismogenic faults related to the crustal structure under the Aso volcano caldera are covered. The book is intended to help bridge the gaps between seismology, seismic disaster prevention, volcanology, seismotectonics, and geology and to encourage further studies of earthquake mechanisms and seismic faulting processes
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXI, 170 p. 167 illus. in color, online resource)
    ISBN: 9789811058554
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5855-4
    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5855-4
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quaternary vertical offset and average slip rate of the Nojima Fault on Awaji Island, Japan (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 10 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Drilling was carried out to penetrate the Nojima Fault where the surface rupture occurred associated with the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake. Two 500 m boreholes were successfully drilled through the fault zone at a depth of 389.4 m. The drilling data show that the relative uplift of the south-east side of the Nojima Fault (south-west segment) was approximately 230 m. The Nojima branch fault, which branches from the Nojima Fault, is inferred to extend to the Asano Fault. From the structural contour map of basal unconformity of the Kobe Group, the vertical component of displacement of the Nojima branch–Asano Fault is estimated to be 260–310 m. Because the vertical component of displacement on the Nojima Fault of the north-east segment is a total of those of the Nojima Fault of the south-west segment and of the Nojima branch–Asano Fault, it is estimated to total to 490–540 m. From this, the average vertical component of the slip rate on the Nojima Fault is estimated to be 0.4–0.45 m/103 years for the past 1.2 million years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.2001.00334.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paleoseismic events and the 1596 Keicho-Fushimi large earthquake produced by a slip on the Gosukebashi fault at the eastern Rokko Mountains, Japan (1998)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    The @island arc 7 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Field surveys and trench excavation investigations revealed that there were at least four large seismic events produced by slips on the Gosukebashi fault in the Holocene in the southeastern Rokko Mountains of Japan. The characteristics of deformed topographies and three-dimensionally excavated exposures show that this fault is a right-lateral strike–slip fault having an average slip rate of 1.0 mm/year, with a reverse displacement component. The principle indicators of past faulting events are: (i) termination of secondary faults; (ii) sedimentary deposits related to faulting; and (iii) injection veins of fault gouge related to seismic faulting in the fractured zone. Radiocarbon dates indicate that the events occurred pre-1660 BC, 1660 BC–220 AD, from ∼ 30–220 to 600 AD and 15th century AD. The youngest event is probably associated with the large 1596 AD Keicho-Fushimi earthquake which occurred in the area around Kyoto and Kobe Cities. The second younger event is probably correlated with the 416 AD Yamato earthquake, which is the oldest historic earthquake in Japanese historic records. The results of trench surveys show that the horizontal displacement produced by an individual event is ∼ 1.5 m, and the recurrence of seismic event intervals is ∼ 1200 years in the Gosukebashi fault.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1738.1998.00214.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple generations of pseudotachylyte in the brittle to ductile regimes, Qinling–Dabie Shan ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic complex, central China (2003)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 12 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Pseudotachylytes are present along the Dahezhen shear zone in the Qinling–Dabie Shan collisional orogenic belt, central China. Two types of pseudotachylyte vein are documented in the shear zone: cataclasite-related pseudotachylyte (C-Pt) and mylonite-related pseudotachylyte (M-Pt). M-Pt is associated with mylonite-development and is overprinted by C-Pt. All of the quartz and most of the feldspar porphyroclasts within the M-Pt are plastically deformed, but not in the C-Pt. Dynamically recrystallized fine-grained quartz and feldspar bands are oriented subparallel to the mylonite and M-Pt foliation, and partially surround the porphyroclasts. Our results suggest that the M-Pt formed cyclically in the ductile region at estimated conditions of 400–650°C and 400–800 MPa due to propagation of seismic fracturing associated with the thrusting-related rapid exhumation of the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic complex in the brittle regime down to a greater depth than the base of the seismogenic zone. The M-Pt and mylonite formed in the Dahezhen shear zone at estimated conditions of 400–650°C and 400–800 MPa. The coexistence of C-Pt and M-Pt in the same shear zone suggests that repeated seismic slips occurred in both the brittle and ductile portions of the crust during the thrusting-related rapid exhumation of the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic complex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1738.2003.00407.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative study of cataclastic rocks from a drill core and outcrops of the Nojima Fault zone on Awaji Island, Japan (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 10 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Cataclastic rocks found in the Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University (DPRI) 500 m drill core and outcrops along the Nojima Fault zone on Awaji Island, southwest Japan, were examined at mesoscopic and microscopic scales. The damaged zone of this fault in granitic rocks, observed on the southeast side of the fault, is 50–60 m wide and is composed of fractured host rocks and cataclastic rocks including cataclasite, fault breccia, and fault gouge. The fault breccia and gouge of small scales are scattered in the damaged zone. Fault core (zone of extremely concentrated shearing deformation along a fault) consists of fault gouge measuring several tens to approximately 150 mm in width, as recognized both in the drill core and at outcrops of the Nojima Fault along which surface ruptures formed during the 1995 Kobe earthquake. Fault breccia, measuring a few meters wide, has developed pervasively in the damaged zone, just next to the fault core. Pseudotachylyte has been found interlayered with fault gouge within the fault core only at outcrops at Hirabarashi, not in the DPRI 500 m core. Petrological studies and powder X-ray diffraction analysis show that the pseudotachylyte and fault gouge are composed mainly of fine-grained angular clasts of the host granitic rocks, suggesting the pseudotachylyte is of ‘crush origin’. Foliated cataclasite is characterized by the preferred orientation of elongated biotite clasts and granular aggregates of quartz and feldspar clasts, and by the development of cataclastic shear bands. Unlike cataclastically deformed quartz and feldspar in the cataclasite, biotite in the foliated cataclasite shows combinations of brittle and plastic deformation, such as biotite ‘fish’, cleavage steps, bending and kinking. These textures suggest that the foliated cataclasite formed at a deeper level than the cataclasite, fault breccia and gouge, possibly before the Quaternary period during which the Nojima Fault has moved as a dextral strike–slip fault with some reverse movement resulting in the uplifting of Awaji Island. Examination of fault rocks from surface outcrops can yield similar results to those obtained from drill cores with regard to the internal structures of a fault zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.2001.00335.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deformation mechanisms and fluid behavior in a shallow, brittle fault zone during coseismic and interseismic periods: Results from drill core penetrating the Nojima Fault, Japan (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 10 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the results of petrographical and meso- to microstructural observations of brittle fault rocks in cores obtained by drilling through the Nojima Fault at a drilling depth of 389.52 m. The zonation of deformation and alteration in the central zone of the fault is clearly seen in cores of granite from the hanging wall, in the following order: (i) host rock, which is characterized by some intragranular microcracks and in situ alteration of mafic minerals and feldspars; (ii) weakly deformed and altered rocks, which are characterized by transgranular cracks and the dissolution of mafic minerals, and by the precipitation of zeolites and iron hydroxide materials; (iii) random fabric fault breccia, which is characterized by fragmentation, by anastomosing networks of transgranular cracks, and by the precipitation of zeolites and iron hydroxide materials; and (iv) fault gouge, which is characterized by the precipitation of smectite and localized cataclastic flow. This zonation implies that the fault has been weakened gradually by fluid-related fracturing over time. In the footwall, a gouge layer measuring only 15 mm thick is present just below the surface of the Nojima Fault. These observations are the basis for a model of fluid behavior along the Nojima Fault. The model invokes the percolation of meteoric fluids through cracks in the hanging wall fault zone during interseismic periods, resulting in chemical reactions in the fault gouge layer to form smectite. The low permeability clay-rich gouge layer sealed the footwall. The fault gouge was brecciated during coseismic or postseismic periods, breaking the seal and allowing fluids to readily flow into the footwall, thus causing a slight alteration. Chemical reactions between fluids and the fault breccia and gouge generated new fault gouge, which resealed the footwall, resulting in a low fluid condition in the footwall during interseismic periods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.2001.00336.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crack-filling clays and weathered cracks in the DPRI 1800 m core near the Nojima Fault, Japan: Evidence for deep surface-water circulation near an active fault (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 10 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Crack-filling clays and weathered cracks were observed in the Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University (DPRI) 1800 m cores drilled from the Nojima Fault Zone, which was activated during the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake (Kobe earthquake). The crack-filling clays consist mainly of unconsolidated fine-grained materials that fill opening cracks with no shear textures. Most of the cracks observed in the DPRI 1800 m cores are yellow-brown to brown in color due to weathering. Powder X-ray diffraction analyses show that the crack-filling clays are composed mainly of clay minerals and carbonates such as siderite and calcite. Given that the top of the borehole is approximately 45 m above sea level, most of the core is far below the stable groundwater table. Hence, it is suggested that the crack-filling clays and weathered cracks in the cores taken at depths of 1800 m were formed by the flow of surface water down to the deep fractured zone of the Nojima Fault Zone during seismic faulting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.2001.00342.x
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