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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Infrared temperature measurements on solar trough absorber tubes
    Elsevier BV ; 2007
    In:  Solar Energy Vol. 81, No. 5 ( 2007-05), p. 629-635
    Details
    In: Solar Energy, Elsevier BV, Vol. 81, No. 5 ( 2007-05), p. 629-635
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0038-092X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2006.08.016
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2015126-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Calibration corrections of solar tower flux density measurements
    Elsevier BV ; 2004
    In:  Energy Vol. 29, No. 5-6 ( 2004-4), p. 925-933
    Details
    In: Energy, Elsevier BV, Vol. 29, No. 5-6 ( 2004-4), p. 925-933
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0360-5442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00197-X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019804-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pyrometric Temperature Measurements on Solar Thermal High Temperature Receivers
    ASME International ; 2006
    In:  Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Vol. 128, No. 3 ( 2006-08-01), p. 285-292
    Details
    In: Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, ASME International, Vol. 128, No. 3 ( 2006-08-01), p. 285-292
    Abstract: The knowledge of the absorber surface temperature distribution is essential for efficient operation and further development of solar thermal high temperature receivers. However, the concentrated solar radiation makes it difficult to determine the temperature on irradiated surfaces. Contact thermometry is not appropriate and pyrometric measurements are distorted by the reflected solar radiation. The measurement in solar-blind spectral ranges offers a possible solution by eliminating the reflected solar radiation from the measurement signal. The paper shows that besides the incoming solar radiation and the absorber emittance, the bi-directional reflection properties and the temperature of the object are determining for the required selectivity of the spectral filter. Atmospheric absorption affects the solar blind pyrometric measurements in absorption bands of CO2 and water vapor. The deviation of temperature measurement due to atmospheric absorption is quantified and the possibilities and limitations of accounting for the atmospheric absorption with models based on radiation transfer calculations are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0199-6231 , 1528-8986
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.2210499
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2006
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Experimental Verification of Optical Modeling of Parabolic Trough Collectors by Flux Measurement
    ASME International ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Vol. 131, No. 1 ( 2009-02-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, ASME International, Vol. 131, No. 1 ( 2009-02-01)
    Abstract: In order to optimize the solar field output of parabolic trough collectors (PTCs), it is essential to study the influence of collector and absorber geometry on the optical performance. The optical ray-tracing model of PTC conceived for this purpose uses photogrammetrically measured concentrator geometry in commercial Monte Carlo ray-tracing software. The model has been verified with measurements of a scanning flux measurement system, measuring the solar flux density distribution close to the focal line of the PTC. The tool uses fiber optics and a charged coupled device camera to scan the focal area of a PTC module. Since it is able to quantitatively detect spilled light with good spatial resolution, it provides an evaluation of the optical efficiency of the PTC. For comparison of ray-tracing predictions with measurements, both flux maps and collector geometry have been measured under identical conditions on the Eurotrough prototype collector at the Plataforma Solar de Almería. The verification of the model is provided by three methods: the comparison of measured intercept factors with corresponding simulations, comparison of measured flux density distributions with corresponding ray-tracing predictions, and comparison of thermographically measured temperature distribution on the absorber surface with flux density distribution predicted for this surface. Examples of sensitivity studies performed with the validated model are shown.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0199-6231 , 1528-8986
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.3027507
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Slope Error Measurements of Parabolic Troughs Using the Reflected Image of the Absorber Tube
    ASME International ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Vol. 131, No. 1 ( 2009-02-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, ASME International, Vol. 131, No. 1 ( 2009-02-01)
    Abstract: A new and fast method for optically measuring the reflector slope of parabolic troughs with high accuracy has been developed. It uses the reflection of the absorber tube in the concentrator, as seen from some distance, and is therefore called “absorber reflection method.” A digital camera is placed at a distant observation point perpendicular to the trough axis with the concentrator orientated toward it. Then, a set of pictures from the absorber tube reflection is taken with slightly different tilt angles of the concentrator. A specially developed image analysis algorithm detects the edges of the absorber tube in the reflected images. This information, along with the geometric relationship between the components, the relative collector tilt angles, and the known approximately parabolic shape of the concentrator, is used to calculate the slopes perpendicular to the trough axis. Measurement results of a EuroTrough segment of four facets are presented and verified with results from a reference measurement using high-resolution close-range photogrammetry. The results show good agreement in statistical values as well as in local values of the reflector slope. Compared to the existing photogrammetric method, the new technique reduces drastically the time measurement.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0199-6231 , 1528-8986
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.3035811
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Experimental Analysis of Overall Thermal Properties of Parabolic Trough Receivers
    ASME International ; 2008
    In:  Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Vol. 130, No. 2 ( 2008-05-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, ASME International, Vol. 130, No. 2 ( 2008-05-01)
    Abstract: The heat loss of a receiver in a parabolic trough collector plays an important role in collector performance. A number of methods have been used to measure the thermal loss of a receiver tube depending on its operating temperature. This paper presents methods for measuring receiver heat losses including field measurements and laboratory setups both based on energy balances from the hot inside of the receiver tube to the ambient. Further approaches are presented to measure and analyze the temperature of the glass envelope of evacuated receivers and to model overall heat losses and emissivity coefficients of the receiver. Good agreement can be found between very different approaches and independent installations. For solar parabolic trough plants operating in the usual 390°C temperature range, the thermal loss is around 300W∕m receiver length.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0199-6231 , 1528-8986
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.2888756
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2008
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Automatic Noncontact Quality Inspection System for Industrial Parabolic Trough Assembly
    ASME International ; 2008
    In:  Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Vol. 130, No. 1 ( 2008-02-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, ASME International, Vol. 130, No. 1 ( 2008-02-01)
    Abstract: The construction of solar thermal power plants with several thousand m2 of collector area requires quality control measures for components, subsystems, and the entire collector rows. While quality control has a significant potential to increase the solar field efficiency, the main objective is to assure high-quality standards for the whole solar field. Quality control, assembly documentation, and performance measurements are required by the investors. Based on previous R & D work in collector development and prototype qualification, measurement systems have been developed for use in solar field construction and operation supervision. In particular, close-range photogrammetry can be used to measure the geometry of collector steel structures. The measurement system consists of a digital camera, which moves around the structure automatically while shooting photos of the concentrator structure from various positions. The photos are evaluated with photogrammetry software to check the assembly quality. The whole measurement and evaluation procedure is computer controlled and is fast enough to be integrated in a solar collector production line. This paper deals with the required measurement accuracy and shows ways to reach, maintain, and control this accuracy in the rough environment of an on-site production line.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0199-6231 , 1528-8986
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.2804628
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2008
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Integrated Concentrating Solar/Photovoltaic Hybrid Concepts—Technological Discussion, Energy Yield, and Cost Considerations
    Wiley ; 2024
    In:  Energy Technology
    Details
    In: Energy Technology, Wiley
    Abstract: Concentrating solar thermal (CST) technologies are a sustainable way to produce high‐temperature heat. Four concepts of integrating photovoltaics (PV) into CST plants, namely Rear‐PV, PV‐Mirror, bifacial PV‐Mirror and Spillage‐concentrating PV (CPV), are compared and the technological and economic outcome is discussed. The concepts are presented for the use with solar tower systems, but can also be applied to other configurations. In this work, parameters for each concept to quantify annual energy production and investment costs are derived. It is determined that implementing Rear‐PV, PV‐Mirror, bifacial PV‐Mirror, and Spillage‐CPV in a concentrating solar power tower plant leads to an additional energy yield as high as 23%, 29%, 40%, and 36%, respectively, on the same mirror aperture size. For the concepts of the Rear‐PV, PV‐Mirror, and bifacial PV‐Mirror, maximum allowable cost per aperture area can be 3.0, 4.8, and 5.7 times the cost of conventional mirrors, to reach a break‐even of the specific investment cost per annually produced energy. Such values are considered to be achievable for PV‐Mirror and bifacial PV‐Mirror, but not for Rear‐PV. For Spillage‐CPV, a break‐even of investment cost can be achieved if installed in areas with spillage radiation flux exceeding ≈350 kWm −2 at peak.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2194-4288 , 2194-4296
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ente.202301181
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2700412-0
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of Measurement Equipment on the Uncertainty of Performance Data from Test Loops for Concentrating Solar Collectors
    ASME International ; 2010
    In:  Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Vol. 132, No. 3 ( 2010-08-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, ASME International, Vol. 132, No. 3 ( 2010-08-01)
    Abstract: Parabolic trough concentrating collectors play a major role in the energy efficiency and economics of concentrating solar power plants. Therefore, existing collector systems are constantly enhanced and new types were developed. Thermal performance testing is one step generally required in the course of their testing and qualification. For outdoor tests of prototypes, a heat transfer fluid loop (single collector or entire loop) needs to be equipped with measurement sensors for inlet, outlet, and ambient temperature as well as irradiance, wind speed, and mass or volumetric flow rate to evaluate the heat balance. Assessing the individual measurement uncertainties and their impact on the combined uncertainty of the desired measurement quantity one obtains the significance of the testing results. The method has been applied to a set of EuroTrough collector tests performed at Plataforma Solar de Almería, Spain. Test results include the uncertainty range of the resulting modeling function and exemplify the effects of sensors and their specifications on the parameters leading to an uncertainty of ±1.7% points for the optical collector efficiency. The measurement uncertainties of direct normal irradiance and mass flow rate are identified as determining uncertainty contributions and indicate room for improvement. Extended multiple sensor deployment and improved calibration procedures are the key to further reducing measurement uncertainty and hence increasing testing significance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0199-6231 , 1528-8986
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.4001476
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Finite Element Modeling of Parabolic Trough Mirror Shape in Different Mirror Angles
    ASME International ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Vol. 135, No. 3 ( 2013-08-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, ASME International, Vol. 135, No. 3 ( 2013-08-01)
    Abstract: Deviations from the ideal shape of reflector panels for parabolic trough solar power plants can have relevant impact on field efficiency and thus on the performance of the whole power plant. Analyzing the gravity-induced deformation of mirror shape for different mirror angles is relevant for performance calculation of solar parabolic trough collectors and identifying optimization potential of the mirror panels. Two mirror model cases (stiff and elastic supports) are evaluated in four angles: in horizontal laboratory angle (mirrors facing upward with mounting points horizontally aligned), and in 0 deg, 45 deg, and 90 deg collector angle. The resulting slope maps are calculated in a separate postprocessing. In order to evaluate the effect of gravity load on mirror shape, the deformed mirror in each evaluated angle is compared to the nondeformed mirror shape, and to the shapes in 0 deg (zenith) collector angle, respectively. The resulting slope deviation maps show the mirror deformation in different mirror angles. Stiffness of the mounting to the support structure has a relevant impact. Mirror deformation on elastic brackets (SDx up to 1.6 mrad) is much more pronounced than on an ideal stiff support structure (SDx up to 1.0 mrad).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0199-6231 , 1528-8986
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1115/1.4023560
    Language: English
    Publisher: ASME International
    Publication Date: 2013
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