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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Twisted gastrulation is a conserved extracellular BMP antagonist (2001)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 410 (2001), S. 479-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling regulates embryonic dorsal–ventral cell fate decisions in flies, frogs and fish. BMP activity is controlled by several secreted factors including the antagonists chordin and short gastrulation (SOG). Here we show that a second secreted protein, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35068578
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apert syndrome and fetal hydrocephaly (1986)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 73 (1986), S. 93-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Apert (1906) was the first to identify a syndrome characterized by the association of acrocephaly with syndactyly, acrocephalosyndactylism. Since then Apert syndrome has been recognized as a clinical entity. Although hydrocephalus was rarely reported as an associated malformation, it was suggested that hydrocephalus might be responsible for mental retardation in some cases of Apert syndrome. We report a case of Apert syndrome presenting as fetal hydrocephaly at 28 weeks gestational age, and we review the literature. We suggest that hydrocephalus should be considered as a major associated malformation, and a complete evaluation with sonogram and computed tomography scan is recommended in any newborn suspected of having Apert syndrome alter routine cephalometric measurement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292674
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutron activation analysis with PE moderated252Cf neutron source (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 216 (1997), S. 75-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The 1.369 MeV γ-rays emitted from24Na→24Mg+β−+γ after23Na(n,γ)24Na reaction were counted by high purity germanium (HPGe) detector and the half-life of24Na was derived. This process was simulated by Monte Carlo Neutron and Photon Transport Code (MCNP-4A).252Cf neutron source was moderated by a polyethylene (PE) cylinder to increase the cross section of neutron absorption reaction and to decrease the biological hazard. NaCl powder of 20 cm3 and 40 cm3 volume in cylindrical polypropylene capsules were irradiated by the neutrons passed through the moderator. MCNP-4A was used to determine the optimum size of PE moderator, to assume the realistic geometry of the HPGe detector, and to assume the absolute efficiencies of the detector. The count rates for 1.369 MeV γ-rays in the HPGe detector were calculated by MCNP-4A for 20 cm3 and 40 cm3 NaCl. The accumulated counts calculated tumed out to be higher than those actually measured by 31% with a relative error of 3%. The half-life of24Na measured within 4% and 1% for 20 cm3 and 40cm3 NaCl agrees with that of the reference. So, we can say that the result of MCNP-4A has about 30% of accuracy and 3% of precision in simulating the neutron activation analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02034499
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  • 4
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    Exosome-Mediated Activation of Toll-Like Receptor 3 in Stellate Cells Stimulates Interleukin-17 Production by γδ T cells in Liver Fibrosis (2016)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-15
    Description: During liver injury, hepatocytes secrete exosomes that include diverse types of self-RNAs. Recently, self-noncoding RNA has been recognized as an activator of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). However, the roles of hepatic exosomes and TLR3 are not yet fully understood in liver fibrosis. Following acute liver injury and early-stage liver fibrosis induced by a single or 2-week injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ), increased interleukin-17A (IL-17A) production was mainly detected in hepatic γδ T cells in wild-type (WT) mice. However, liver fibrosis and IL-17A production by γδ T cells were both significantly attenuated in TLR3 KO mice compared with WT mice. More interestingly, IL-17A-producing γδ T cells were in close contact with activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), suggesting a role for HSCs in IL-17A production by γδ T cells. In vitro treatments with exosomes derived from CCl 4 -treated hepatocytes significantly increased the expression of IL-17A, IL-1β, and IL-23 in WT HSCs but not in TLR3 KO HSCs. Furthermore, IL-17A production by γδ T cells was substantially increased upon co-culturing with exosome-treated WT HSCs or conditioned medium from TLR3-activated WT HSCs. However, similar increases were not detected when γδ T cells were co-cultured with exosome-treated HSCs from IL-17A KO or TLR3 KO mice. Using reciprocal bone marrow transplantation between WT and TLR3 KO mice, we demonstrated that TLR3 deficiency in HSCs contributed to decreased IL-17A production by γδ T cells, as well as liver fibrosis. Conclusion : In liver injury, the exosome-mediated activation of TLR3 in HSCs exacerbates liver fibrosis by enhancing IL-17A production by γδ T cells, which might be associated with HSC stimulation by unknown self-TLR3 ligands from damaged hepatocytes. Therefore, TLR3 might be a novel therapeutic target for liver fibrosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0270-9139
    Electronic ISSN: 1527-3350
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.
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  • 5
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    Risk assessment of clinical outcomes in asian patients with chronic hepatitis B using enhanced liver fibrosis test (2014)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-21
    Description: Backgrounds/ Aims :Serum fibrosis markers such as Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) test, have been suggested as alternatives for liver biopsy (LB) in assessing liver fibrosis. We investigated the efficacy of ELF test in predicting development of liver-related events (LRE) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods :A total of 170 patients (103 men, 60.6%) with CHB who underwent LB and serological tests for determining ELF were enrolled. All patients were followed-up to monitor LRE development, defined as hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma, and/or liver-related death. Results :The mean age was 45.3 years. During follow-up period (median, 41 months), 39 (22.9%) patients experienced LRE. In patients with LRE, age, proportion of male gender, ELF test results, age–spleen–platelet ratio (ASPRI), liver stiffness (LS) value, and histological fibrosis stage were significantly higher than those in patients without LRE (all P 〈0.05). Areas under receiver-operating characteristic curves to predict LRE development were 0.808 for ELF test, 0.732 for LS value, 0.713 for histological fibrosis stages using Batts and Ludwig scoring system, and 0.687 for ASPRI. On multivariate analysis, along with age, ELF test was an independent predictor of LRE development (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.438, P 〈0.001). When we applied a three-tier stratification of our study population using cut-off ELF values of 8.10 and 10.40, patients with low ( P =0.002; adjusted HR 0.045, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.006–0.330) and intermediate ( P 〈0.001; adjusted HR 0.239, 95% CI 0.122–0.469) ELF range were found less likely to develop LRE compared to those with high ELF range. Conclusion :ELF is useful in a non-invasive prediction of LRE development. TE showed statistically similar prognostic performance for LRE as ELF, but other non-invasive tests were inferior. (H epatology 2014;)
    Print ISSN: 0270-9139
    Electronic ISSN: 1527-3350
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.
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  • 6
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    Quantitative x-ray phase imaging at the nanoscale by multilayer Laue lenses (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-20
    Description: For scanning x-ray microscopy, many attempts have been made to image the phase contrast based on a concept of the beam being deflected by a specimen, the so-called differential phase contrast imaging (DPC). Despite the successful demonstration in a number of representative cases at moderate spatial resolutions, these methods suffer from various limitations that preclude applications of DPC for ultra-high spatial resolution imaging, where the emerging wave field from the focusing optic tends to be significantly more complicated. In this work, we propose a highly robust and generic approach based on a Fourier-shift fitting process and demonstrate quantitative phase imaging of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode by multilayer Laue lenses (MLLs). The high sensitivity of the phase to structural and compositional variations makes our technique extremely powerful in correlating the electrode performance with its buried nanoscale interfacial structures that may be invisible to the absorption and fluorescence contrasts. Scientific Reports 3 doi: 10.1038/srep01307
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 7
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    Regeneration of thyroid follicles from primordial cells in a murine thyroidectomized model (2017)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-01
    Description: Regeneration of thyroid follicles from primordial cells in a murine thyroidectomized model Laboratory Investigation 97, 478 (April 2017). doi:10.1038/labinvest.2016.158 Authors: Junguee Lee, Shinae Yi, Joon Young Chang, Yea Eun Kang, Hyun Jung Kim, Ki Cheol Park, Keum-Jin Yang, Hae Joung Sul, Jong Ok Kim, Hyon-Seung Yi, Xuguang Zhu, Sheue-yann Cheng & Minho Shong
    Print ISSN: 0023-6837
    Electronic ISSN: 1530-0307
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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