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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 59 (1986), S. 388-394 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ion beam induced atomic mixing at Fe-Mo interface has been studied by using the technique of conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy (CEMS). Use has been made of a thin (∼50 A(ring)) layer of Fe57 isotope (enriched to 95.4%) at the interface to obtain the Mössbauer information selectively from this region. A noninterface sensitive measurement has also been performed to reveal the magnetic hyperfine interactions in the entire region of the iron overlayer. It is shown that a deposition induced reaction between the molybdenum substrate (having a thin coating of native oxide) and the Fe57 layer renders a graded nature to the interface, which is transformed upon ion bombardment (100-keV Kr+, dose ∼1016 ions/cm2) into a disordered alloy. The dominant nonmagnetic component corresponding to the interface of the ion beam mixed sample happens to be a quadrupole doublet, which represents the presence of Fe57 atoms in Fe2+ charge state. The appearance of this contribution is attributed to formation of an oxygen coordinated ternary compound in the interface layer during ion bombardment. On the basis of the comparison of the results of the interface-sensitive and non-interface-sensitive studies it is established that the inclusion of oxygen in the ion mixed sample is mainly confined to the near interface region and that the region of the overlayer contains a metastable alloy of the binary Fe-Mo system. The influence of thermal annealing at various temperatures between 200 °C and 500 °C on the ion beam mixed state has also been studied by monitoring the changes in the hyperfine interaction parameters. It is shown that the oxygen-incorporated regions of the disordered alloy retain the nonmagnetic Fe2+ charge state subsequent to annealing at 500 °C, while other regions lead to precipitation of α-Fe and Fe2Mo phases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 66 (1989), S. 4509-4511 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The influence of 60-keV N+2 ion implantation on the aqueous degradation of the Y1Ba2Cu3O7−x high-Tc superconductor is studied by the small-angle x-ray diffraction technique. Structural depth profiling is performed by registering the x-ray data at several small angles of incidence between 0.3° and 10.0° within Seeman–Bohlin geometry. Examination of samples implanted at a dose value of 3×1017 ions/cm2 and subjected to different aqueous treatments reveals that implantation arrests the degradation process and imparts structural stability to the superconductor. Resistivity temperature data are also provided for specific cases of interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The nature of pulsed ruby laser-induced vaporization from the surface of a binary oxide represented by ZnxFe3−xO4 (x∼1) is studied via morphological (scanning electron microscopy), compositional (energy-dispersive analysis of x ray), structural (small-angle x-ray diffraction), and microstructural (conversion electron Mössbauer) examination of the laser-processed surface and correlation of the related surface modification to the properties of thin films deposited therefrom, and subjected to similar examination. Zinc ferrite (ZnxFe3−xO4) films have been deposited on single-crystal Al2O3 substrates and the dependence of the film properties on the oxygen partial pressure and substrate temperature during deposition is studied to explore optimized conditions for deposition of near single-phase stoichiometric films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 5648-5652 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Diamondlike hydrogenated amorphous carbon films have been deposited for the first time by pulsed ruby laser deposition (PLD) from pyrolytic graphite in hydrogen partial pressure. A hint in the IR absorption spectrum at 2920 cm−1 provides an evidence for the incorporation of hydrogen in the film. Raman scattering (RS) measurements display a large downward shift in the position of the intense G line to 1500 cm−1, whereas the relatively weak D line is observed near 1350 cm−1 along with a strong enhancement in RS near 1210 and 800 cm−1. These features are attributed to an increased proportion of tetrahedral (sp3) character in the amorphous carbon network due to formation of hydrogen-related complexes. Additional support for this proposal is sought from the enhanced band gap of the PLD a-C:H films compared to those of unhydrogenated PLD a-C films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 3765-3769 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Stoichiometric films of cupric and cuprous oxide are deposited on Si, MgO, and Y-ZrO2 substrates by pulsed excimer laser ablation technique. It is found that the equilibrium phase diagram based considerations dictate the phase formation. The films are characterized by small-angle x-ray diffraction, infrared, and UV-visible spectroscopies and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. It is shown that epitaxy of Cu2O films can be realized on single crystal MgO (100) substrates and the corresponding film resistivity is of the order of 40–60 Ω cm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 5718-5720 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Stoichiometric thin films of LiNbO3 have been deposited on (100) silicon by a pulsed excimer laser deposition technique. By studying several cases of depositions in vacuum, oxygen, and argon, as well as oxygen-argon mixture as ambients, it is brought out that the desired stoichiometry in the film can be attained only by having an appropriate oxygen-argon mixture during deposition. The films have been characterized by x-ray diffraction, infrared transmission, and spectroscopic ellipsometry techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 2410-2413 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Single-chamber in situ laser processing of high-Tc YBa2Cu3O7−δ film on stainless steel (302) substrates with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) buffer layers, has been carried out using a multitarget deposition system. YSZ and YBa2Cu3O7−δ films were deposited sequentially by KrF excimer laser (λ=248 nm) at substrate temperature of 650 °C. The films were characterized by x-ray diffraction, four point probe ac electrical resistivity, scanning electron microscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) techniques. Due to the matching of the thermal expansion coefficient of YSZ with stainless steel and its diffusion barrier characteristics, good quality high-Tc films have been grown on stainless steel substrates with superconducting transition temperature, Tc (onset), of 92 K and Tco (zero resistivity temperature) of 84 K. AES depth profiling indicated little interdiffusion of Fe across the interface of YSZ and stainless steel. A laser evaporation method was used for patterning the YBa2Cu3O7−δ films and critical current density, Jc, was measured to be ∼5×104 Acm−2 at 40 K. It was observed that the zero resistivity temperature significantly changed with the variation of buffer layer thickness, buffer layer processing temperature, and ambient oxygen partial pressure during the deposition of YBa2Cu3O7−δ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 2915-2920 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The ion-beam-induced and subsequent thermal transformations at the Fe-Si interface are studied by using the technique of interface-sensitive conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy (CEMS). The samples used in these experiments have been prepared by depositing a thin (∼50-A(ring)) layer of Fe57 isotope (enriched to 95.45%) on a freshly cleaned surface of a (111) silicon crystal followed by a deposition of a 250-A(ring)-thick overlayer of natural iron containing only 2.2% of the Fe57 isotope. A number of such composites have been bombarded with Xe+ ions having an energy of 10 keV at an ion dose of ∼1–3×1016 ions/cm2. The atomic mixing at the interface is confirmed by Rutherford backscattering (RBS) measurements and the average composition of the mixed layer is also determined. Using the CEMS technique, it is shown that the thin FeSi layer formed at the interface due to the deposition-induced reaction grows upon ion bombardment, along with the incorporation of a large number of vacancies in the structure. It has also been shown that the internal magnetic field of the ion-beam-mixed alloy shows a broad distribution over a range of field values between 100 and 330 kOe with indications of certain preferences for local atomic arrangements and compositions. The ion-beam-mixed sample shows significant changes in the values of hyperfine interaction parameters subsequent to vacuum annealing treatment at 450 °C for 1 h, while precipitation of α-Fe and Fe3Si phases upon annealing at 700 °C. The as-deposited sample exhibits distinctly different features as compared to those of the ion-beam-mixed sample, when subjected to thermal treatments. These thermal transformations in the as-deposited as well as ion-beam-mixed samples have also been monitored by resistance annealing measurements, and the result of these studies agree well with those of CEMS measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 710-714 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The formation of mixed metastable phases as a result of ion-beam mixing of the Al-Fe-Mn system with 100-keV Ar+ ions and their subsequent transformations upon thermal annealing have been studied. The mixed state is comprised of both binary (Fe-Al, Fe-Mn, Mn-Al) and ternary (Al-Fe-Mn) metastable phases. Conversion-electron Mössbauer spectroscopy and low-angle x-ray diffraction studies reveal the formation of disordered phases upon ion beam mixing, which acts as a precursor for the growth of the equilibrium phases upon thermal annealing via lowering of kinetic barrier for the reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 4782-4784 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Reactive alloying of the Fe-W system under benzene by use of pulsed laser treatment is demonstrated. The as-deposited and processed samples were characterized by employing the techniques of low-angle x-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering, conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Formation of ternary phase FeW3C is observed at a lower fluence while its amorphization is observed at a higher fluence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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