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Characterization of Copper Interactions with Alzheimer Amyloid β Peptides (2000)

Atwood, Craig S. ; Scarpa, Richard C. ; Huang, Xudong ; [et al.]

Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.

Journal of neurochemistry 75 (2000), S. 0

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ISSN: 1471-4159

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract: Cu and Zn have been shown to accumulate in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. We have previously reported that Cu2+ and Zn2+ bind amyloid β (Aβ), explaining their enrichment in plaque pathology. Here we detail the stoichiometries and binding affinities of multiple cooperative Cu2+-binding sites on synthetic Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42. We have developed a ligand displacement technique (competitive metal capture analysis) that uses metal-chelator complexes to evaluate metal ion binding to Aβ, a notoriously self-aggregating peptide. This analysis indicated that there is a very-high-affinity Cu2+-binding site on Aβ1-42 (log Kapp = 17.2) that mediates peptide precipitation and that the tendency of this peptide to self-aggregate in aqueous solutions is due to the presence of trace Cu2+ contamination (customarily ∼0.1 μM). In contrast, Aβ1-40 has much lower affinity for Cu2+ at this site (estimated log Kapp = 10.3), explaining why this peptide is less self-aggregating. The greater Cu2+-binding affinity of Aβ1-42 compared with Aβ1-40 is associated with significantly diminished negative cooperativity. The role of trace metal contamination in inducing Aβ precipitation was confirmed by the demonstration that Aβ peptide (10 μM) remained soluble for 5 days only in the presence of high-affinity Cu2+-selective chelators.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0751219.x

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Two chemosensory receptors together mediate carbon dioxide detection in Drosophila (2007)

Jones, Walton D. ; Cayirlioglu, Pelin ; Grunwald Kadow, Ilona ; [et al.]

[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group

Nature 445 (2007), S. 86-90

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ISSN: 1476-4687

Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics

Notes: [Auszug] Blood-feeding insects, including the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae, use highly specialized and sensitive olfactory systems to locate their hosts. This is accomplished by detecting and following plumes of volatile host emissions, which include carbon dioxide (CO2). ...