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  • 1
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    Calcification, photophysiology and treatment parameters for laboratory experiment (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: Ocean acidification and coastal nutrient enrichment threaten the persistence of nearshore ecosystems, yet little is known about their combined effects on marine organisms. Here, we show that elevated nitrogen concentrations, in the forms of nitrite + nitrate and ammonium, offset the negative effects of near-future OA on calcification of the reef-building crustose coralline alga, Porolithon onkodes. Projected near-future pCO2 levels (~850 µatm) decreased P. onkodes calcification by 30% relative to ambient conditions. Conversely, nitrogen enrichment increased P. onkodes calcification by 90% and 130% in ambient and high pCO2 treatments, respectively, relative to ambient controls. pCO2 and nitrogen enrichment interactively affected instantaneous photophysiology. Relative electron transport rates (rETR) were highest in high pCO2 and high nitrogen conditions. Nitrogen enrichment alone increased concentrations of the photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a, phycocyanin and phycoerythrin by ~80-450%, regardless of pCO2. These results demonstrate that nutrient enrichment can mediate organismal responses to OA, which has far-reaching implications for nearshore coral reefs that experience persistent or episodic nutrient enrichment via eutrophication or consumer excretions. Multi-stressor OA experiments increasingly are becoming important for improving our ability to predict the response of marine organisms and coral reefs to simultaneously occurring local and global change stressors.
    Keywords: EPD; File content; File format; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 6 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and mortality in the medusa stage of the cubozoan Carybdea xaymacana (2019)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Chuard, Pierre J C; Johnson, Maggie Dorothy; Guichard, Frédéric (2019): Ocean acidification causes mortality in the medusa stage of the cubozoan Carybdea xaymacana. Scientific Reports, 9(1), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-42121-0
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Ocean pH is decreasing due to anthropogenic activities, and the consequences of this acidification on marine fauna and ecosystems are the subject of an increasing number of studies. Yet, the impact of ocean acidification (OA) on several abundant and ecologically important taxa, such as medusozoans, is poorly documented. To date there have been no studies on the effect of post-2050 OA projections on the medusa stage of jellyfish. As medusae represent the reproductive stage of cnidarians, negative impacts on adult jellyfish could severely impact the long-term survival of this group. Using a laboratory experiment, we investigated the effect of 2300 OA projections (i.e. pH of 7.5) on the mortality rate of the medusa-stage of the cubozoan species Carybdea xaymacana, compared to ambient seawater pH conditions (i.e. pH of 8.1). After a 12-h exposure to OA, C. xaymacana medusae suffered higher mortality rates compared to ambient conditions. This study represents the first evidence of the potential lethal effects of post-2050 OA projections on jellyfish. The higher metabolic rates of cubozoans compared to other cnidarians might make box jellyfish more vulnerable to OA. A decrease in the density of cnidarians could lead to harmful ecological events, such as algal blooms.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carybdea xaymacana; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Experiment duration; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Individuals; Laboratory experiment; Mortality/Survival; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Registration number of species; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Tropical; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Zooplankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 264 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and growth and photophysiology of two tropical reef macroalgae (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Focusing on algal taxa from two different functional groups on Caribbean coral reefs, we exposed fleshy (Dictyota spp.) and calcifying (Halimeda tuna) macroalgae to ambient and low seawater pH for 25 days in an outdoor experimental system in the Florida Keys. We quantified algal growth, calcification, photophysiology, and DOC production across pH treatments.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Buoyant mass; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate; Calcification rate, standard deviation; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Carotenoids; Carotenoids, standard deviation; Chlorophyll a; Chlorophyll a, standard deviation; Chlorophyll b; Chlorophyll b, standard deviation; Chlorophyta; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Dictyota sp.; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation; Growth/Morphology; Halimeda tuna; Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; Mass, standard deviation; Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II; Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II, standard deviation; Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate, dark; Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate, light; Net photosynthesis rate, oxygen; Net photosynthesis rate, standard deviation; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Oxygen, dissolved; Oxygen, dissolved, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Plantae; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Respiration rate, oxygen, standard deviation; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Single species; Species; Surface area; Surface area, standard deviation; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Type of study; Wet mass; Wet mass, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 240 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and metabolism and growth of epilithic and endolithic coral-reef turf algal (2017)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Johnson, Maggie Dorothy; Comeau, Steeve; Lantz, Coulson A; Smith, Jennifer E (2017): Complex and interactive effects of ocean acidification and temperature on epilithic and endolithic coral-reef turf algal assemblages. Coral Reefs, 36(4), 1059-1070, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-017-1597-2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Turf algal assemblages are ubiquitous primary producers on coral reefs, but little is known about the response of this diverse group to ocean acidification (OA) across different temperatures. We tested the hypothesis that CO2 influences the functional response of epilithic and endolithic turf assemblages to increasing temperature. Replicate carbonate plugs covered by turf were collected from the reef and exposed to ambient and high pCO2 (1000 µatm) conditions for 3 weeks. Each pCO2 treatment was replicated across six temperatures (24.0-31.5 °C) that spanned the full seasonal temperature range on a fringing reef in Moorea, French Polynesia, and included one warming treatment (3 °C above daily average temperatures). Temperature and CO2 enrichment had complex, and sometimes interactive, effects on turf metabolism and growth. Photosynthetic and respiration rates were enhanced by increasing temperature, with an interactive effect of CO2 enrichment. Photosynthetic rates were amplified by high CO2 in the warmest temperatures, while the increase in respiration rates with temperature were enhanced under ambient CO2. Epilithic turf growth rates were not affected by temperature, but increased in response to CO2 enrichment. We found that CO2 and temperature interactively affected the endolithic assemblage, with the highest growth rates under CO2 enrichment, but only at the warmest temperatures. These results demonstrate how OA may influence algal physiology and growth across a range of ecologically relevant temperatures, and indicate that the effects of CO2 enrichment on coral-reef turf assemblages can be temperature dependent. The complex effects of CO2 enrichment and temperature across a suite of algal responses illustrates the importance of incorporating multiple stressors into global change experiments.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Cooks_Bay_Moorea; Entire community; EXP; Experiment; Experiment duration; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gross photosynthesis rate, oxygen; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Net photosynthesis rate, oxygen; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Rocky-shore community; Salinity; South Pacific; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Tropical; Type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 336 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and calcification rate of crustose coralline alga (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Prior exposure to variable environmental conditions is predicted to influence the resilience of marine organisms to global change. We conducted complementary 4-month field and laboratory experiments to understand how a dynamic, and sometimes extreme, environment influences growth rates of a tropical reef-building crustose coralline alga and its responses to ocean acidification (OA). Using a reciprocal transplant design, we quantified calcification rates of the Caribbean coralline Lithophyllum sp. at sites with a history of either extreme or moderate oxygen, temperature, and pH regimes. Calcification rates of in situ corallines at the extreme site were 90% lower than those at the moderate site, regardless of origin. Negative effects of corallines originating from the extreme site persisted even after transplanting to more optimal conditions for 20 weeks. In the laboratory, we tested the separate and combined effects of stress and variability by exposing corallines from the same sites to either ambient (Amb: pH 8.04) or acidified (OA: pH 7.70) stable conditions or variable (Var: pH 7.80-8.10) or acidified variable (OA-Var: pH 7.45-7.75) conditions. There was a negative effect of all pH treatments on Lithophyllum sp. calcification rates relative to the control, with lower calcification rates in corallines from the extreme site than from the moderate site in each treatment, indicative of a legacy effect of site origin on subsequent response to laboratory treatment. Our study provides ecologically relevant context to understanding the nuanced effects of OA on crustose coralline algae, and illustrates how local environmental regimes may influence the effects of global change.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calculated using seacarb; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Cayo_Roldan; Coast and continental shelf; Event label; EXP; Experiment; Field experiment; Flow rate; Flow rate, standard error; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Hospital_Point; Identification; Irradiance; Irradiance, standard error; Laboratory experiment; Lithophyllum sp.; Macroalgae; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Plantae; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Replicate; Rhodophyta; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Site; Species; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Time point, descriptive; Treatment; Tropical; Type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 15767 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Contrasting effects of ocean acidification on tropical fleshy and calcareous algae (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Johnson, Maggie Dorothy; Price, Nichole N; Smith, Jennifer E (2014): Contrasting effects of ocean acidification on tropical fleshy and calcareous algae. PeerJ, 2, e411, https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.411
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Despite the heightened awareness of ocean acidification (OA) effects on marine organisms, few studies empirically juxtapose biological responses to CO2 manipulations across functionally distinct primary producers, particularly benthic algae. Algal responses to OA may vary because increasing CO2 has the potential to fertilize photosynthesis but impair biomineralization. Using a series of repeated experiments on Palmyra Atoll, simulated OA effects were tested across a suite of ecologically important coral reef algae, including five fleshy and six calcareous species. Growth, calcification and photophysiology were measured for each species independently and metrics were combined from each experiment using a meta-analysis to examine overall trends across functional groups categorized as fleshy, upright calcareous, and crustose coralline algae (CCA). The magnitude of the effect of OA on algal growth response varied by species, but the direction was consistent within functional groups. Exposure to OA conditions generally enhanced growth in fleshy macroalgae, reduced net calcification in upright calcareous algae, and caused net dissolution in CCA. Additionally, three of the five fleshy seaweeds tested became reproductive upon exposure to OA conditions. There was no consistent effect of OA on algal photophysiology. Our study provides experimental evidence to support the hypothesis that OA will reduce the ability of calcareous algae to biomineralize. Further, we show that CO2 enrichment either will stimulate population or somatic growth in some species of fleshy macroalgae. Thus, our results suggest that projected OA conditions may favor non-calcifying algae and influence the relative dominance of fleshy macroalgae on reefs, perpetuating or exacerbating existing shifts in reef community structure.
    Keywords: Acanthophora spicifera; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Avrainvillea amadelpha; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard error; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard error; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Caulerpa serrulata; Chlorophyta; Coast and continental shelf; Coulometric titration; Dichotomaria marginata; Dictyota bartayresiana; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Galaxaura rugosa; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard error; Halimeda opuntia; Halimeda taenicola; Hypnea pannosa; Laboratory experiment; Lithophyllum prototypum; Lithophyllum sp.; Macroalgae; Maximal electron transport rate, relative; Maximal electron transport rate, relative, standard error; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Photoinhibition; Photoinhibition, standard error; Photosynthetic efficiency; Photosynthetic efficiency, standard error; Plantae; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Replicates; Rhodophyta; Run Number; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Species; Table; Temperature, water; Treatment; Tropical
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2271 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and net calcification, relative electron transport rates and photosynthetic pigments of Porolithon onkodes (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Ocean acidification (OA) and nutrient enrichment threaten the persistence of near shore ecosystems, yet little is known about their combined effects on marine organisms. Here, we show that a threefold increase in nitrogen concentrations, simulating enrichment due to coastal eutrophication or consumer excretions, offset the direct negative effects of near-future OA on calcification and photophysiology of the reef-building crustose coralline alga, Porolithon onkodes. Projected near-future pCO2 levels (approx. 850 µatm) decreased calcification by 30% relative to ambient conditions. Conversely, nitrogen enrichment (nitrate + nitrite and ammonium) increased calcification by 90–130% in ambient and high pCO2 treatments, respectively. pCO2 and nitrogen enrichment interactively affected instantaneous photophysiology, with highest relative electron transport rates under high pCO2 and high nitrogen. Nitrogen enrichment alone increased concentrations of the photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a, phycocyanin and phycoerythrin by approximately 80–450%, regardless of pCO2. These results demonstrate that nutrient enrichment can mediate direct organismal responses to OA. In natural systems, however, such direct benefits may be counteracted by simultaneous increases in negative indirect effects, such as heightened competition. Experiments exploring the effects of multiple stressors are increasingly becoming important for improving our ability to understand the ramifications of local and global change stressors in near shore ecosystems.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Ammonium; Ammonium, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chlorophyll a; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Electron transport rate, relative; EXP; Experiment; Flow rate; Flow rate, standard error; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Identification; Irradiance; Irradiance, standard error; Laboratory experiment; Macro-nutrients; Moorea_north_shore; Nitrate and Nitrite; Nitrate and Nitrite, standard error; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Phycocyanin; Phycoerythrin; Porolithon onkodes; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Registration number of species; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; South Pacific; Species; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Tropical; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 11905 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and net calcification of Porites, Zoanthus growth and maximum PSII efficiency of Porites and Zoanthus (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Ocean acidification (OA) threatens the persistence of reef-building corals and the habitat they provide. While species-specific effects of OA on marine organisms could have cascading effects on ecological interactions like competition, few studies have identified how benthic reef competitors respond to OA. We explored how two common Caribbean competitors, branching Porites and a colonial zoanthid (Zoanthus), respond to the factorial combination of OA and competition. In the laboratory, we exposed corals, zoanthids and interacting corals and zoanthids to ambient (8.01 ± 0.03) and OA (7.68 ± 0.07) conditions for 60 days. The OA treatment had no measured effect on zoanthids or coral calcification but decreased Porites maximum PSII efficiency. Conversely, the competitive interaction significantly decreased Porites calcification but had minimal-to-no countereffects on the zoanthid. Although this interaction was not exacerbated by the 60-day OA exposure, environmental changes that enhance zoanthid performance could add to the dominance of zoanthids over corals. The lack of effects of OA on coral calcification indicates that near-term competitive interactions may have more immediate consequences for some corals than future global change scenarios. Disparate consequences of competition have implications for community structure and should be accounted for when evaluating local coral reef trajectories.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using seacarb; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Calculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; EXP; Experiment; Fragments; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater, standard deviation; Growth/Morphology; Identification; Island_Point; Laboratory experiment; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Photosynthetic efficiency; Polyp number; Porites furcata; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Species; Species interaction; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Tropical; Type; Zoanthus sp.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 22876 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and calcification of the crustose coralline alga Hydrolithon onkodes in a laboratory experiment (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Johnson, Maggie Dorothy; Carpenter, Robert C (2012): Ocean acidification and warming decrease calcification in the crustose coralline alga Hydrolithon onkodes and increase susceptibility to grazing. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 434-435, 94-101, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2012.08.005
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Anthropogenic CO2 emissions have exacerbated two environmental stressors, global climate warming and ocean acidification (OA), that have serious implications for marine ecosystems. Coral reefs are vulnerable to climate change yet few studies have explored the potential for interactive effects of warming temperature and OA on an important coral reef calcifier, crustose coralline algae (CCA). Coralline algae serve many important ecosystem functions on coral reefs and are one of the most sensitive organisms to ocean acidification. We investigated the effects of elevated pCO2 and temperature on calcification of Hydrolithon onkodes, an important species of reef-building coralline algae, and the subsequent effects on susceptibility to grazing by sea urchins. H. onkodes was exposed to a fully factorial combination of pCO2 (420, 530, 830 µatm) and temperature (26, 29 °C) treatments, and calcification was measured by the change in buoyant weight after 21 days of treatment exposure. Temperature and pCO2 had a significant interactive effect on net calcification of H. onkodes that was driven by the increased calcification response to moderately elevated pCO2. We demonstrate that the CCA calcification response was variable and non-linear, and that there was a trend for highest calcification at ambient temperature. H. onkodes then was exposed to grazing by the sea urchin Echinothrix diadema, and grazing was quantified by the change in CCA buoyant weight from grazing trials. E. diadema removed 60% more CaCO3 from H. onkodes grown at high temperature and high pCO2 than at ambient temperature and low pCO2. The increased susceptibility to grazing in the high pCO2 treatment is among the first evidence indicating the potential for cascading effects of OA and temperature on coral reef organisms and their ecological interactions.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard error; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calcium carbonate, removed; Calcium carbonate, removed, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard error; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Hydrolithon onkodes; Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate, standard error; North Pacific; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Plantae; Potentiometric titration; Rhodophyta; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; Species; Species interaction; Spectrophotometric; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Tropical
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 290 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Acclimatization of the crustose coralline alga Porolithon onkodes to variable pCO2 (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Johnson, Maggie Dorothy; Moriarty, Vincent; Carpenter, Robert C (2014): Acclimatization of the Crustose Coralline Alga Porolithon onkodes to Variable pCO2. PLoS ONE, 9(2), e87678, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087678
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Ocean acidification (OA) has important implications for the persistence of coral reef ecosystems, due to potentially negative effects on biomineralization. Many coral reefs are dynamic with respect to carbonate chemistry, and experience fluctuations in pCO2 that exceed OA projections for the near future. To understand the influence of dynamic pCO2 on an important reef calcifier, we tested the response of the crustose coralline alga Porolithon onkodes to oscillating pCO2. Individuals were exposed to ambient (400 µatm), high (660 µatm), or variable pCO2 (oscillating between 400/660 µatm) treatments for 14 days. To explore the potential for coralline acclimatization, we collected individuals from low and high pCO2 variability sites (upstream and downstream respectively) on a back reef characterized by unidirectional water flow in Moorea, French Polynesia. We quantified the effects of treatment on algal calcification by measuring the change in buoyant weight, and on algal metabolism by conducting sealed incubations to measure rates of photosynthesis and respiration. Net photosynthesis was higher in the ambient treatment than the variable treatment, regardless of habitat origin, and there was no effect on respiration or gross photosynthesis. Exposure to high pCO2 decreased P. onkodes calcification by 〉70%, regardless of the original habitat. In the variable treatment, corallines from the high variability habitat calcified 42% more than corallines from the low variability habitat. The significance of the original habitat for the coralline calcification response to variable, high pCO2 indicates that individuals existing in dynamic pCO2 habitats may be acclimatized to OA within the scope of in situ variability. These results highlight the importance of accounting for natural pCO2 variability in OA manipulations, and provide insight into the potential for plasticity in habitat and species-specific responses to changing ocean chemistry.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Calcification/Dissolution; Calcification rate, standard error; Calcification rate of calcium carbonate; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gross photosynthesis rate, oxygen; Gross photosynthesis rate, oxygen, standard error; Irradiance; Irradiance, standard error; Laboratory experiment; Macroalgae; Net photosynthesis rate, oxygen; Net photosynthesis rate, oxygen, standard error; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; pH; pH, standard error; Plantae; Porolithon onkodes; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Respiration rate, oxygen, standard error; Rhodophyta; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Single species; South Pacific; Species; Spectrophotometric; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Treatment; Tropical
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 264 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
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