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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Needle-tract implantation in hepatocellular carcinoma: frequency and CT findings after biopsy with a 19.5-gauge automated biopsy gun (2000)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 25 (2000), S. 246-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Liver neoplasms—Biopsies, percutaneous—Biopsies, complications—Computed tomography.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Background: Needle-tract implantation is an important complication of cutting biopsy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study was performed to evaluate the frequency of needle-tract implantation after ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous biopsy of HCC and to describe triple-phase helical computed tomographic (CT) findings of implanted nodules. Methods: Between April 1994 and December 1997, 205 patients underwent US-guided percutaneous biopsy for HCC. Review of medical records and the pathology database disclosed seven patients who were found to have needle-tract implantation of HCC. Among these patients, five underwent triple-phase helical CT examination. We analyzed the frequency of needle-tract implantation and triple-phase helical CT findings of implanted nodules, with particular attention to the morphology and enhancement pattern. Results: Seven of 205 patients (3.4%) had tumor implantation along the needle tract at histologic examination after surgical resection. Eight implanted nodules in five patients were found on triple-phase helical CT images (one nodule in three patients, two nodules in one patient, and three nodules in one patient). All implanted nodules has well-circumscribed margins and were ovoid or lobulated in contour. On triple-phase helical CT, six (75%) implanted nodules were isodense compared with abdominal wall muscle on all triple-phase CTs, and two (25%) nodules were hyperdense on hepatic arterial and portal venous phases and isodense on equilibrium phase. Conclusions: The frequency of needle-tract implantation of HCC after percutaneous needle biopsy was higher than reported previously, and careful attention should be paid during interpretation of CT images in patients with a history of previous percutaneous biopsy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002610000025
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hepatic Hemangioma: Contrast-Enhancement Pattern during the Arterial and Portal Venous Phases of Spiral CT (1999)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 24 (1999), S. 262-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Liver, CT—Liver, neoplasm—Hemangioma.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The objective of the present study was to evaluate contrast-enhancement patterns of hepatic hemangioma according to size during hepatic arterial (30-s delay) and portal venous (65-s delay) phases of spiral computed tomography (CT). During a 10-month-period, 73 patients with 118 hemangiomas underwent two-phase spiral CT examination. The enhancement patterns of tumors were divided into four types based on the attenuation of surrounding liver parenchyma: peripherally nodular high, uniform high, iso, and low. The diameter of the tumors were 〈10 mm (n= 39), 11–20 mm (n= 33), and 〉21 mm (n= 46). Overall, the most common enhancement patterns of hemangioma were peripherally nodular high (66/118, 55.9%) during the arterial and portal venous phases. The second most common contrast-enhancement patterns of hemangioma were uniform high (15/118, 12.7%) during the arterial and portal venous phases. In tumors smaller than 20 mm, 11 (9.3%) had low-low attenuation and two (1.7%) had iso-low attenuation during the arterial and portal venous phases, respectively. In conclusion, at two-phase spiral CT, the most common contrast-enhancement patterns of hemangioma are peripherally nodular high and/or uniform high during the arterial and portal venous phases. However, hemangiomas smaller than 2 cm may have atypical enhancing patterns including low and iso-attenuation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900492
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Catalytic utilization of carbon dioxide to polymer blends via cyclic carbonate (1998)
    Springer
    Reaction kinetics and catalysis letters 65 (1998), S. 219-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2837
    Schlagwort(e): Carbon dioxide ; catalytic utilization ; cyclic carbonate ; polymer blends
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract In the present study, the synthesis of bis(cyclic carbonate) from carbon dioxide and bisphenol A (or bisphenol S)-diglycidyl ether was investigated using quaternary ammonium salts as catalyst. Among the salts tested, the one having a larger alkyl group and more nucleophilic counter anion exhibited a better catalytic activity. Poly(hydroxyurethane)s were prepared by the polyaddition reaction of bis(cyclic carbonate) and diamine. The poly(hydroxyurethane) has shown higher thermal stability than conventional polyurethane, and is expected as novel reactive polyurethane. The miscibility of blends containing poly(hydroxyurethena) and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)(SAN) has been also studied by the optical clarity method and DSC.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02475256
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
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    Safety and efficacy of a novel hyperaemic agent, intracoronary nicorandil, for invasive physiological assessments in the cardiac catheterization laboratory (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-07-15
    Beschreibung: Aims Maximal hyperaemia is a key element of invasive physiological studies and adenosine is the most commonly used agent. However, infusion of adenosine requires additional venous access and can cause chest discomfort, bronchial hyper-reactivity, and atrioventricular conduction block. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of intracoronary (IC) nicorandil as a novel hyperaemic agent for invasive physiological studies. Methods and results We enrolled 210 patients who underwent fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement. Hyperaemic efficacy of the following methods was compared: IC bolus injection of adenosine; intravenous (i.v.) infusion of adenosine (140 μg/kg/min); and IC bolus of nicorandil (1 and 2 mg). In 70 patients, the index of microcirculatory resistance was also measured. Hyperaemic efficacy of IC nicorandil 2 mg was non-inferior to that of i.v. adenosine infusion (FFR: 0.82 ± 0.10 vs. 0.82 ± 0.10; P for non-inferiority 〈 0.001). There was a strong correlation between FFRs measured by i.v. adenosine and IC nicorandil ( R 2 = 0.934). Nicorandil produced fewer changes in blood pressure, heart rate and PR interval, and less chest pain than adenosine (all P -values 〈 0.05). Atrioventricular block occurred in 12 patients with IC adenosine, 4 patients with i.v. adenosine and none with IC nicorandil. The index of microcirculatory resistance was 18.3 ± 8.7 with i.v. adenosine and 17.2 ± 7.6 with IC nicorandil ( P = 0.126). Conclusion This study suggests that IC bolus injection of nicorandil is a simple, safe, and effective way to induce steady-state hyperaemia for invasive physiological evaluations. Clinicaltrials.gov number: NCT01331902.
    Print ISSN: 0195-668X
    Digitale ISSN: 1522-9645
    Thema: Medizin
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
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    Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm for CT: Can Radiation Dose Be Decreased While Low-Contrast Detectability Is Preserved? [Medical Physics] (2013)
    The Radiological Society of North America (RSNA)
    In: Radiology
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-10-24
    Beschreibung: Purpose: To compare the low-contrast detectability and image quality of computed tomography (CT) at different radiation dose levels reconstructed with iterative reconstruction (IR) and filtered back projection (FBP). Materials and Methods: A custom liver phantom with 12 simulated hypoattenuating tumors (diameters of 5, 10, 15, and 20 mm; tumor-to-liver contrast values of –10, –20, and –40 HU) was designed. The phantom was scanned with a standard abdominal CT protocol with a volume CT dose index of 21.6 mGy (equivalent 100% dose) and four low-dose protocols (20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of the standard protocol dose). CT data sets were reconstructed with IR and FBP. Image noise was measured, and the tumors’ contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) were calculated. Tumor detection was independently assessed by three radiologists who were blinded to the CT technique used. A total of 840 simulated tumors were presented to the radiologists. Statistical analyses included analysis of variance. Results: IR yielded an image noise reduction of 43.9%–63.9% and a CNR increase of 74.1%–180% compared with FBP at the same dose level ( P 〈 .001). The overall sensitivity for tumor detection was 64.7%–85.3% for IR and 66.3%–85.7% for FBP at the 20%–100% doses, respectively. There was no significant difference in the sensitivity for tumor detection between IR and FBP at the same dose level ( P = .99). The sensitivity of the protocol at the 20% dose with FBP and IR was significantly lower than that of the protocol at the 100% dose with FBP and IR ( P = .019). Conclusion: As the radiation dose at CT decreases, the IR algorithm does not preserve the low-contrast detectability. © RSNA, 2013 Supplemental material: http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.13122349/-/DC1
    Schlagwort(e): Quality Assurance/Quality Improvement, Computed Tomography
    Print ISSN: 0033-8419
    Digitale ISSN: 1527-1315
    Thema: Medizin
    Publiziert von The Radiological Society of North America (RSNA)
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
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    Toll-like receptor 4-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to impairment of vasodilator action of insulin (2015)
    The American Physiological Society (APS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-11-02
    Beschreibung: Impairment of vasodilator action of insulin is associated with endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance. Activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) induces proinflammatory response and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) activate TLR4, which induces ER stress and endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, we determined whether TLR4-mediated ER stress is an obligatory step mediating SFA-induced endothelial dysfunction. Palmitate stimulated proinflammatory responses and ER stress, and this was suppressed by knockdown of TLR4 in primary human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC). Next, we examined the role of TLR4 in vasodilatory responses in intact vessels isolated from wild-type (WT, C57BL/6) and TLR4-KO mice after feeding high-fat (HFD) or normal chow diet (NCD) for 12 wk. Arterioles isolated from HFD WT mice exhibited impaired insulin-stimulated vasodilation compared with arterioles isolated from NCD WT mice. Deficiency of TLR4 was protective from HFD-induced impairment of insulin-stimulated vasodilation. There were no differences in acetylcholine (Ach)- or sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-stimulated vasodilation between the two groups. Furthermore, we examined whether ER stress is involved in SFA-induced impairment of vasodilator actions of insulin. Infusion of palmitate showed the impairment of vasodilatory response to insulin, which was ameliorated by coinfusion with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an ER stress suppressor. Taken together, the results suggest that TLR4-induced ER stress may be an obligatory step mediating the SFA-mediated endothelial dysfunction.
    Print ISSN: 0193-1849
    Digitale ISSN: 1522-1555
    Thema: Medizin
    Publiziert von The American Physiological Society (APS)
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
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    Prognostic Significance of Hippo Pathway in Liver Cancer (2016)
    The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-03-02
    Beschreibung: Purpose: The Hippo pathway is a tumor suppressor in the liver. However, the clinical significance of Hippo pathway inactivation in HCC is not clearly defined. We analyzed genomic data from human and mouse tissues to determine clinical relevance of Hippo pathway inactivation in HCC. Experimental Design: We analyzed gene expression data from Mst1/2 –/– and Sav1 –/– mice and identified a 610-gene expression signature reflecting Hippo pathway inactivation in the liver [silence of Hippo (SOH) signature]. By integrating gene expression data from mouse models with those from human HCC tissues, we developed a prediction model that could identify HCC patients with an inactivated Hippo pathway and used it to test its significance in HCC patients, via univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. Results: HCC patients (National Cancer Institute cohort, n = 113) with the SOH signature had a significantly poorer prognosis than those without the SOH signature [ P 〈 0.001 for overall survival (OS)]. The significant association of the signature with poor prognosis was further validated in the Korean ( n = 100, P = 0.006 for OS) and Fudan University cohorts ( n = 242, P = 0.001 for OS). On multivariate analysis, the signature was an independent predictor of recurrence-free survival (HR, 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–2.28: P = 0.008). We also demonstrated significant concordance between the SOH HCC subtype and the hepatic stem cell HCC subtype that had been identified in a previous study ( P 〈 0.001). Conclusions: Inactivation of the Hippo pathway in HCC is significantly associated with poor prognosis. Clin Cancer Res; 22(5); 1256–64. ©2015 AACR .
    Print ISSN: 1078-0432
    Digitale ISSN: 1557-3265
    Thema: Medizin
    Publiziert von The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
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    Clinical Significance of YAP1 Activation in Colorectal Cancer (2015)
    The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-01-16
    Beschreibung: Purpose: Activation of YAP1, a novel oncogene in the Hippo pathway, has been observed in many cancers, including colorectal cancer. We investigated whether activation of YAP1 is significantly associated with prognosis or treatment outcomes in colorectal cancer. Experimental Design: A gene expression signature reflecting YAP1 activation was identified in colorectal cancer cells, and patients with colorectal cancer were stratified into two groups according to this signature: activated YAP1 colorectal cancer (AYCC) or inactivated YAP1 colorectal cancer (IYCC). Stratified patients in five test cohorts were evaluated to determine the effect of the signature on colorectal cancer prognosis and response to cetuximab treatment. Results: The activated YAP1 signature was associated with poor prognosis for colorectal cancer in four independent patient cohorts with stage I–III disease (total n = 1,028). In a multivariate analysis, the impact of the YAP1 signature on disease-free survival was independent of other clinical variables [hazard ratio (HR), 1.63; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25–2.13; P 〈 0.001]. In patients with stage IV colorectal cancer and wild-type KRAS, IYCC patients had a better disease control rate and progression-free survival (PFS) after cetuximab monotherapy than did AYCC patients; however, in patients with KRAS mutations, PFS duration after cetuximab monotherapy was not different between IYCC and AYCC patients. In multivariate analysis, the effect of YAP1 activation on PFS was independent of KRAS mutation status and other clinical variables (HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.05–3.16; P = 0.03). Conclusions: Activation of YAP1 is highly associated with poor prognosis for colorectal cancer and may be useful in identifying patients with metastatic colorectal cancer resistant to cetuximab. Clin Cancer Res; 21(2); 357–64. ©2014 AACR .
    Print ISSN: 1078-0432
    Digitale ISSN: 1557-3265
    Thema: Medizin
    Publiziert von The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
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    Integrated genomic analysis of recurrence-associated small non-coding RNAs in oesophageal cancer (2017)
    BMJ Publishing Group
    In: Gut
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-01-07
    Beschreibung: Objective Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a heterogeneous disease with variable outcomes that are challenging to predict. A better understanding of the biology of ESCC recurrence is needed to improve patient care. Our goal was to identify small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) that could predict the likelihood of recurrence after surgical resection and to uncover potential molecular mechanisms that dictate clinical heterogeneity. Design We developed a robust prediction model for recurrence based on the analysis of the expression profile data of sncRNAs from 108 fresh frozen ESCC specimens as a discovery set and assessment of the associations between sncRNAs and recurrence-free survival (RFS). We also evaluated the mechanistic and therapeutic implications of sncRNA obtained through integrated analysis from multiple datasets. Results We developed a risk assessment score (RAS) for recurrence with three sncRNAs (microRNA (miR)-223, miR-1269a and nc886) whose expression was significantly associated with RFS in the discovery cohort (n=108). RAS was validated in an independent cohort of 512 patients. In multivariable analysis, RAS was an independent predictor of recurrence (HR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.26 to 4.09; p=0 . 007). This signature implies the expression of Np63 and multiple alterations of driver genes like PIK3CA. We suggested therapeutic potentials of immune checkpoint inhibitors in low-risk patients, and Polo-like kinase inhibitors, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, and histone deacetylase inhibitors in high-risk patients. Conclusion We developed an easy-to-use prognostic model with three sncRNAs as robust prognostic markers for postoperative recurrence of ESCC. We anticipate that such a stratified and systematic, tumour-specific biological approach will potentially contribute to significant improvement in ESCC treatment.
    Print ISSN: 0017-5749
    Digitale ISSN: 1468-3288
    Thema: Medizin
    Publiziert von BMJ Publishing Group
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
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    Development and Validation of a Six-Gene Recurrence Risk Score Assay for Gastric Cancer (2016)
    The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-12-16
    Beschreibung: Purpose: This study was aimed at developing and validating a quantitative multigene assay for predicting tumor recurrence after gastric cancer surgery. Experimental Design: Gene expression data were generated from tumor tissues of patients who underwent surgery for gastric cancer ( n = 267, training cohort). Genes whose expression was significantly associated with activation of YAP1 (a frequently activated oncogene in gastrointestinal cancer), 5-year recurrence-free survival, and 5-year overall survival were first identified as candidates for prognostic genes (156 genes, P 〈 0.001). We developed the recurrence risk score (RRS) by using quantitative RT-PCR to identify genes whose expression levels were significantly associated with YAP1 activation and patient survival in the training cohort. Results: We based the RRS assay on 6 genes, IGFBP4, SFRP4, SPOCK1, SULF1, THBS , and GADD45B , whose expression levels were significantly associated with YAP1 activation and prognosis in the training cohort. The RRS assay was further validated in an independent cohort of 317 patients. In multivariate analysis, the RRS was an independent predictor of recurrence [HR, 1.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02–2.4; P = 0.03]. In patients with stage II disease, the RRS had an HR of 2.9 (95% CI, 1.1–7.9; P = 0.03) and was the only significant independent predictor of recurrence. Conclusions: The RRS assay was a valid predictor of recurrence in the two cohorts of patients with gastric cancer. Independent prospective studies to assess the clinical utility of this assay are warranted. Clin Cancer Res; 22(24); 6228–35. ©2016 AACR .
    Print ISSN: 1078-0432
    Digitale ISSN: 1557-3265
    Thema: Medizin
    Publiziert von The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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